Summer vegetables coincide with high temperatures and rainy seasons. Spring sown vegetables have been harvested. Solanaceous vegetables, melons, beans and vegetables are catching up with the harvest and are listed. This season's agricultural activities are frequent. It is a time when the vegetables are changed in spring and autumn. On the one hand, the field management of spring and summer dishes is stepped up and the market is harvested on time. On the other hand, the production of autumn vegetables and the cultivation of autumn-delayed vegetables are performed.
First, summer vegetable management technology
1. Tomato: Summer tomato should be harvested in time. In order to promote the full development of the top fruit, there is no occurrence of empty fruit and premature aging, should be timely watering fertilizer, with water Mushi potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 10-15 kg. The old leaves, yellow leaves, and diseased leaves in the lower part of the plant were removed, and pesticides such as virus A, imidacloprid, and chlorothalonil were promptly sprayed to prevent the occurrence of diseases and pests such as virus diseases, aphids, whiteflies, and diseases.
2, eggplant: timely drainage after the rain flood control, cultivator loose soil. The water and fertilizer should be sufficient for the plants. Generally, the water should be poured 5-6 days in the absence of rain or rain. Keep the soil moist in the field, see dry see wet, and apply 10-15 kg of urea with water. Timely weeding ridges to prevent plant lodging. In the high temperature and rainy season, eggplants are vulnerable to M. blight, Brownie disease, and tea-sorghum. Regular spraying should be used to kill pesticides, kill scorpion venom, and sweep scorpion. Prevent pests and diseases. The late combination pest control pest can spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate, plant power 2003, etc., to prevent premature aging.
3, pepper: After each harvest should be top dressing watering. Double-row dense planting, plant growth lush, closed ridge tight, should be cut off part of the four-door bucket above the branches, adjust the ventilation and light conditions. After the rain, the water will be drained in time to prevent flooding. The conditions can be used to carry out the pouring of water, so as to reduce the occurrence of bacterial diseases such as soft rot and bacterial wilt. Since in July and August, it was the period of occurrence of the tobacco budworm, nocturnal moths, and soft rot, late blight, and viral diseases. In production and management, pest control should be promptly prevented and field hazards should be reduced.
4. Cucumber: Regular fertilization and watering during harvesting, usually watering once every 5-7 days. When it is rainy, it can be poured as little as possible. In combination with watering, every 10-15 days will be flushed with human fecal urine once or per mu followed by 15-20 kg of potassium sulfate compound fertilizer. After the heavy rain, timely drainage and flood prevention were carried out, and plant adjustments were made rationally to remove redundant yellow leaves, old leaves, diseased leaves and side vines below 40 cm. For the cultivars that are too thin, the guarana can be sprayed on a regular basis. In July and August, high temperature and rainy weather should prevent the occurrence of downy mildew and keratopathies in a timely manner. Regular anti-virus bactericides, bacteria clearing, and agricultural streptomycin can be sprayed to prevent the above diseases. In combination with disease prevention and pest control, foliar spraying of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and plant power 2003 can be used for extra-root fertilizer application.
5. Beans: During the harvest period, the field surface should be kept moist, and watering should be carried out in the afternoon. During the later period of scarring, fertilizers are regularly applied to prevent premature plant failure. Mushi potassium sulfate compound fertilizer is applied in an amount of 10-15 kilograms and is foliar-fertilized. Drain and prevent flooding after rain. If plants grow too profusely and affect the ventilation and light transmission, the old leaves and diseased leaves of the base should be properly removed to reduce the occurrence of diseases. Kidney beans are susceptible to rust and pod damage in high temperatures and rainy seasons. They can be treated with 70% thiophanate-methyl and 37% chloral horse cream.
6, yam: a reasonable top-dressing watering, combined with insufficient water base fertilizer can be topdressing before July 15, Mushi potassium sulfate compound fertilizer 10-15 kg. After the rain, the water will be drained and flooded in a timely manner to prevent the phenomenon of "collapse". When there are more than a few seeds in the plant, the yam tuber inflates the leaves twice every 7-10 days to promote tuber enlargement of the yam. Timely prevention and control of yam brown spot, yam leaf bee and other pests and diseases, can be sprayed with 70% mancozeb, 37% high chlorine horse cream control.
Second, the main points of autumn vegetable cultivation techniques:
1, species selection
Autumn sowing vegetables in the early stage of high temperature and rain, the late growth stage also meets the low temperature and drought. Therefore, carrots, radishes, Chinese cabbage, cowpeas, and cabbages should be selected for autumn sowing. They should be cultivars with wide adaptability, cold resistance, and high disease resistance. Carrots can be selected from Japanese Kuroda five-inch ginseng, seven-inch ginseng, small top red, whip red; water radish can choose Dahongpao, Lulu No. 1, Lulu No. 3, Lulu No. 6, nine kilograms red; Chinese cabbage Beijing New No.1, Beijing Youkang No.3, Lubai No.2, Tianjin Qingmao Ye and Fengkang 70 can be selected; cowpeas can be selected from such cultivars as Green Dragon, Nine White, and LaoLaishi.
2, master the sowing time
The sowing dates for autumn sowing vegetables should be strictly chosen so as to avoid too early and too late sowing dates. Before and after the summer heat began planting carrots; before and after the autumn planting winter water radish, cabbage. As soon as the seedlings are sowed, there will be flowering and falling out. If the seeds are planted too late, the yield will be too low. When sowing seeds, they can be broadcast live between the summer and autumn.
3, pay attention to drainage prevention
Seedlings in autumn sowing are prone to rain, so autumn sowing vegetables should be designed to prevent flooding during planting, and soil preparation can be done in sorghum or high ridge cultivation.
4, timely control of pests and diseases
Autumn sowing vegetables are at the peak of the occurrence of diamondback moth, cotton bollworm and brown spot. Pest control can adopt high-efficiency and low-toxicity pollution-free pesticides—Suppression of CPT, CVB, and spray of high-chlorine horse spray; Prevention and control of diseases can be controlled by the use of mixed streptomycin such as streptomycin for agriculture, alveolar oligo, and Dubangkelu, and it is generally controlled for 10 days. Once, even prevention 2-3 times, 7-10 days before harvest to stop medication.
Third, the autumn delay vegetable nursery should pay attention to the problem:
In July and August, it is the late autumn vegetable nursery season. Due to the high temperature and raininess during this period and the season of disease and insect pests, it is necessary to pay attention to the following issues when raising the seedlings:
1, choose a suitable cultivar
The early autumn vegetable seedlings have a high temperature, a large variation in water content, and a low temperature and low illumination period in the late growth period. Therefore, varieties with wide adaptability, disease resistance, cold resistance, and high yield should be selected.
2, to prevent the emergence of high temperature and torrential rain
High temperature and heavy rain can inhibit the growth of vegetable seedlings, resulting in frequent occurrence of pests and diseases. In the nursery, application of shade nets, insect nets, can effectively prevent high temperature, heavy rain erosion and pests and diseases. Seedbed should be selected on lands with high topography, convenient drainage and irrigation, and cultivated on stilts or high ridges. After the storm, the drainage will be promptly completed. The conditions can be filled with water to reduce the damage of heavy rain to vegetables.
3, control pests and diseases
This period is the season with multiple pests and diseases. When delaying the breeding of vegetables, the use of insect nets can effectively prevent the occurrence of insect pests, and can cut off the transmission of some diseases. Reduce disease occurrence. Consecutive vegetable production can also use frequency-vibration insecticidal lamps to trap pests and reduce the population density. In the prevention and control of pests and diseases, we advocate the use of highly efficient and low-toxic pollution-free pesticides, and the use of highly toxic pesticides is strictly prohibited.
4, reasonable fertilizer management
July and August are the hot seasons. Frequent rain occurs, which makes it difficult to cultivate suitable seedlings for delayed vegetables. Therefore, when raising seedlings, management of seedbed fertilizer and water should be strictly strengthened. The soil on the seedbed is kept dry and wet, and the bed soil should be dominated by organic fertilizers to prevent seedlings from growing too long due to excessive fertilizer and water, and strive to cultivate robust plants suitable for cultivation.
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