Abstract: Through investigation, the underground pests of vegetables such as small earthworms, golden needles, cockroaches, cockroaches, and cockroaches have shown an increasing trend in the hazards of our county year by year. Production must be strengthened to ensure the yield and quality of vegetables.
Underground pests are the major pests that jeopardize vegetable production in our county. The underground pests of vegetables mainly damage the roots of vegetables, causing roots and dead seedlings, which seriously affect the yield and quality of vegetables. According to the actual production for many years, the following main prevention measures are proposed.
I. Underground Pest Control Strategy
Prevention and control of vegetable underground pests should adhere to the principle of “prevention first, comprehensive prevention and controlâ€, based on agricultural control measures, supplemented by chemical control, scientific and rational application of low-residue pesticides, prohibition of the use of highly toxic and high-residual pesticides, and strict application of pesticides. Method of application, strict implementation of safety intervals.
Second, underground pest control precautions
1, proper selection of drugs. Aiming at the hazard characteristics of vegetable underground pests, choose the combination of fumigation, contact killing and other low-residue, easily decomposable low-toxicity pesticides or biological pesticides. Such as phoxim, dichlorvos, pyrethroid pesticides. It is strictly prohibited to use highly toxic or highly toxic pesticides with long residue, strong absorption, and high residue. Such as methamidophos, retinol, monocrotophos, omethoate and so on.
2, strict drug concentration. Use pesticides at a reasonable concentration. Do not blindly increase the dose. When using continuous drugs, try to replace pesticides or mix pesticides with different mechanisms to overcome drug resistance and improve drug efficacy. Do not blindly increase the concentration and quantity of pesticides. Otherwise, it will not only increase the economic burden, but also cause environmental pollution. Causes human and animal poisoning incidents.
3, master the prevention and treatment time, distinguish between prevention and treatment methods. To control underground pests, different measures must be applied in stages to achieve a multiplier effect. For the adult stage of soil pests, according to their phototaxis and the tropism of some odors and colors, light trapping, attractant trapping and killing methods are effective. At the stage of their larvae, due to their hazard in the ground, poisonous soil should be taken accordingly. Irrigation and other methods work well.
Third, underground pest control measures
1, take the fall to the ground to reduce the number of overwhelming insects. Autumn turn can be buried in the ground to prepare for winter larvae, eggs, cockroaches turn to the ground, birds were fed or frozen to reduce the base, reduce the number of underground pests in the second year, reduce hazards.
2, clean up the arable land. After the crops were harvested in the previous season, the plant debris, fields and surrounding weeds in the fields were cleared out of the field and treated in a centralized manner to reduce hidden pests.
3, appropriate irrigation to kill pests. After the occurrence of underground pests, proper irrigation methods can kill pests and control the development of pests. This method has obvious control effect on small tigers (grasshoppers).
4, trapping and killing adults. Trapping adults can reduce the number of eggs and reduce the damage. Adults such as ground tigers, golden needles, cockroaches, and cockroaches have a strong tendency towards light. They can be trapped and killed by black light during the period of adulthood, and can also be used to trap and kill adult tigers and earthworms. The ratio is vinegar: Sugar: 5 kg of a solution of water = 3:3:14 plus 15 grams of trichlorfon crystals, placed in pots, placed at a distance of 1 meter from the ground at night, collected pests the next morning to destroy; fried wheat bran, Bean cakes attract and kill cockroaches. In the rainless evening, digging pits at a certain distance in the field, putting poison baits in the pits, and collecting insect pests to concentrate on the next morning.
5, drug seed dressing control larvae. Use 50% phoxim emulsion 50 times liquid, add 12 kg per kilogram of liquid medicine, spread seeds on plastic cloth, use sprayer to spray liquid onto seeds, stir while spraying, put seeds after spraying Bored 3-4 hours, turning 2-3 times during the period, after the shade can be sown. The prevention and control of subterranean pests that harm the seeds is better.
6. Spread poisonous soil to control larvae. After the detection of the harmfulness of the underground pests, the method of spreading poisonous soils can be used to prevent and control. You can use 3% of Merrill granules with 2-3 kg per mu or 4-5 kg ​​of nets for protection. Dilute with a small amount of water and spray them with sprayer. The kilogram fine soil was mixed and mixed to form toxic soil, and the soil was applied to the plots after spreading, applying acupuncture points or strips.
7, the drug irrigation root control larvae. When the occurrence of pests at the seedling stage is relatively large, it can be controlled in the form of pesticides and roots. The effect is obvious. The agent can be used 50% phoxim 800 times or 90% crystal trichlorfon 1000 times or 4% chlorpyrifos 1500 times irrigate root, per plant root irrigation 100 ml or so up to the ideal control effect.
8, artificial capture. The chafer has a phenomenon of suspended animation, which can be swatted to reduce the occurrence of earthworms in the soil. When a small ground tiger occurs, the surface of the injured plant is opened in the morning to trap the insects. Digging “tunnels†to catch earthworms can also reduce the damage.
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