Bao - the crown of the eight treasures in the sea, is a gastropod. There are more than 90 species known throughout the world, distributed in temperate, subtropical and tropical regions. There are varieties of whelk abalone, variegated abalone, ear abalone, sheep abalone and big abalone in China's coastal areas. The international market has a huge demand for abalone. At present, the global market has a gap of more than 10,000 tons, and the market has broad prospects. Therefore, the artificial breeding of abalone developed rapidly in our country. Due to the different natural conditions in different places, the development of farming methods is not the same. The author will now give a brief introduction to Bao's main breeding methods and advantages and disadvantages for reference.
First, factory culture
Advantages: 1 Small footprint, easy centralized management, fast growth, short growth cycle. 2 Bao's factory culture, from the nursery to the cultivated goods, is controlled manually throughout the process. 3 The water environment is not affected by external factors such as weather and sea conditions. Warming water in winter can be recycled after treatment. 4 The aquaculture has a high degree of intensification, and yields and benefits per unit area are high. 5 Bao Bao's feeding, changing water, observation, disease prevention and other operational management more convenient.
Disadvantages: 1 The investment cost of the plant facilities is high, the fund recovery period is relatively long, and the management workload is large. 2 Breeding density, water quality monitoring is difficult, and prone to disease. 3 The aquaculture technology and disease prevention and control technology have higher requirements.
This type of aquaculture is more suitable for places with less space, higher land prices, and areas farther away from the beach. At the same time, the farm should have sufficient funds and strong technical force. Liaoning and Shandong coasts use this method.
Second, keep the abalone
Advantages: 1 Save plant construction costs compared to industrialized conservation of abalone. 2 The tunnel is warm in winter and cool in summer, which provides good conditions for wintering and summer in Bao Yue and saves winter heating costs. 3 Because of the usual temperature in the cave, abalone grows fast and has a long cycle. 4 easy care and good management, Bao survival rate is high. 5 The risk of aquaculture is small and is not constrained by natural conditions, storms, and tides.
Disadvantages: 1 The capacity of the reservoir in the tunnel is small and the water exchange capacity is poor. 2 The water quality is prone to deterioration. 3 poor ventilation.
The harbor raising abattoir is more suitable for the coastal islands and the field is closer to the tunnel. It is convenient to move seedlings, the funds are insufficient, the temperature in the sea area is high in summer, and the water temperature in the sea area in winter is low. In addition, ventilation facilities and water and electricity should be provided in the tunnel. equipment.
Third, shallow-sea bream
Advantages: 1 You can use sea stalks, scallops, oysters and other breeding trusses to save investment costs. 2 Excellent water exchange conditions, adequate dissolved oxygen. 3 can save the pumping, charging costs. 4 feeds are easy to keep fresh. 5 The management workload is small.
Disadvantages: 1 Affected by natural conditions such as strong winds, typhoons can easily lead to truss damage. 2 Due to the attachment of oyster seedlings and glass sea squirts in natural sea areas, nets should be regularly removed or replaced. 3 Day-to-day management is affected by severe weather. 4 poor safety performance.
This method is suitable for smoother sea conditions, no pollution, less attachment of oysters, sea squirts, and algae, and is less affected by or affected by typhoons, and the bay is rich in seaweeds, periwinkles, and seaweeds. This method is used more in Shandong Jiaodong region.
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