Cotton aphid is an important pest in cotton seedlings and widely distributed throughout the country. It has become one of the main pests in cotton production areas and one of the major factors affecting cotton yield and quality.
1. Damage characteristics. Cotton puppet pierced the back or tender head of the cotton leaf with a sucking mouthpiece and sucked the juice. Damage during seedling stage, cotton leaf curling, flowering and belling period are delayed; adult plant stage suffers, upper leaves curl, middle leaves appear shine, the lower leaves yellow off, leaves with honeydew excretion of the aphids, easy to induce mold breeding. Lei Ling victims, easy to drop buds, affect the development of cotton plants.
2. Morphological characteristics. The dry mother body is 1.6 millimeters long, dark brown, with five antennae and no wings. The wingless females have a body length of 1.5-1.9 mm. They have yellow, blue, dark green, dark green and other colors. The antennae are about half as long as the body length. The size of a female embryo with wings is similar to that of a female with a wingless embryo, which is yellow and light green to dark green. Wingless if a total of 4 years of age, summer yellow to yellow-green, spring and autumn blue gray, compound eye red. Wings are also 4 years old, yellow in summer, grayish yellow in autumn, and wing buds after age 2.
3. Living habits. The Northern Cotton Region takes place 10-20 generations a year, and winterizes with eggs on overwintering hosts such as peppercorns, hibiscus, and pomegranate. In the spring of the following winter, after the host has germinated, the overwintering egg is hatched as a dry mother. After 2-3 generations of parthenogenetic reproduction, a female with winged embryos is born and moved into the cotton field from April to May. The newly emerged cotton seedlings are harmed and then propagated in cotton fields. From May to June, it entered the peak period of damage, and the amount of earthworms decreased after the end of June, but the duration of drought was prolonged. In the middle and late October, winged females are born and migrated back to their winter hosts to produce wingless sexual females and winged males. After mating, females and males lay their eggs over the winter to cover their gaps or buds. Cotton aphids can be divided into seedlings and buckwheat in the cotton field by season. Miao Miao occurred in the end of June, from mid-May to the end of June to the bud, before entering the flood season. Cotton aphids adapt to low temperatures, the temperature is higher than 27°C, reproduction is inhibited, and the population rapidly decreases. Fuxia occurred in the middle and late July-August of July and adapted to high temperatures. It proliferated at 27-28°C. When the average temperature was higher than 30°C on that day, the number of insect populations decreased. Heavy rain has a significant inhibitory effect on cotton aphid. Rainy or rainy seasons are unfavorable, but when the weather is sunny, the weather facilitates the rapid proliferation of the volt. Normally, Fuxi 4-5 days proliferates for 1 generation. Miao wolfberry needs more than 10 days to breed for 1 generation, and field generations overlap. The winged dragonfly has a tendency towards yellow. Cotton aphids occur at a suitable temperature of 17-24°C and a relative humidity of less than 70%. When a cotton-wadded corps was sown and planted early in the cotton field, it was seriously affected. When the cotton and wheat, rapeseed, and broad beans were interplanted, the cotton locust occurred late and light. Natural enemies mainly include parasitic bees, predatory floating insects, grasshoppers, and spiders. Among them, ladybugs and grasshoppers have a greater control effect. Improper use of insecticides in production, killing too many natural enemies, can lead to damage caused by thorium.
4. Prevention methods.
1 Agricultural control. In winter and spring, the weeds in the fields and fields are eradicated, and omethoate is sprayed on overwintering hosts in the early spring to eliminate the aphids on overwintering hosts. Cotton and wheat were interplanted, and spring corn, sorghum, and rapeseed were planted in the cotton field or planted on the ground to attract natural enemies to control cotton fieldworms.
2 seed processing. Seeding with a seed coating containing carbofuran or quebrachosol can effectively prevent the harm of cotton aphid. It is also possible to apply 3% carbofuran granules to the sowing ditch and then cover the soil. Also available is 10% imidacloprid active ingredient 50-60 g mixed cotton 100 kg.
3 medicine drops heart. Use 40% monocrotophos EC or 50% methamidophos EC, 40% omethoate EC 150-200 times, 1 to 1.5 kg per 667 square meters with good liquid, sprayer on top of cotton seedlings Heart, 3-5 centimeters high drop heart for 1 second, so that liquid medicine like a snow-capped top spray in the heart of cotton seedlings can be.
4 liquid coating stem. Use 40% monocrotophos or 50% methamidophos EC 20 ml, sesbania powder 1 g or polyvinyl alcohol 2 g, stir 100 ml of water, and apply the liquid to the red and green cotton stalks at the adult stage. At the junction, there is no need to repaint and do not apply.
5 Miaojing 3 leaves before the true, the rolling leaf rate of 5%-0%, 4 true leaves after the rolling leaf rate of 10%-200 /, Fuxi rolling leaf strain rate of 5% -10% or the average plant top , Central and lower 3-leaf pods 150-200 heads, timely spraying 35% saidan emulsifiable concentrate 1500 times or 20% methomyl lactic acid granules, 44% propylbromide emulsifiable concentrate 1500 times, 40% inactivated bell oleoresin 1200 times Liquid, 430/ fluorinated chlorinated cyanine emulsion 1500 times, 90% fasting soluble powder 3500 times, 20% of good New Year's milk to prevent Fuxi 1000 times, seedling locust 2000 times can be. When necessary, the above insecticides and synergists are used together to improve the control effect and delay drug resistance. The sensitivity of cotton aphid to pyrethroid insecticides is poor, and some produce significant drug resistance and should not be used to control cotton aphids. In addition, the use of 20% butylthiocarbapotris 6000 times liquid high control effect, the effective period of about 7 days; carbamate 20% methomyl and organic chlorine 35% Saitan oil 1500 times is to prevent and control Cotton pot high-effective pharmaceuticals, 1-7 days more than 90% control effect.
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