Symptoms occur in all sugar beet districts, often reducing sugar beet production by 10%-20%, sugar content by 1-2, Huanghuai Plain and lower Yellow River 2-3. Raw sugar beet, sugar beet can be pathogenic. The leaves began to grow brown to purple brown round to irregularly shaped small spots, and gradually expanded to 3-4mm. The anthocyanins form a brown to auburn edge around the spots, and the diseased jade sac was relatively thin and easily broken. Foliar lesions are more than leaves, and the number of lesions per leaf can be as high as several hundred. In the latter part of the disease department, gray and white molds were produced, which were conidial stems and conidia of the pathogenic bacteria, and the lesions merged more into pieces and died. The outer leaves of the culm were first attacked and gradually spread to the middle leaves, causing the new leaves to continue to suffer damage, resulting in hypertrophy of the root crown and exposure of the blue head. The petiole became infected to form fusiform brown spots.
The pathogen, Cercospora beticola Sacc., is a cyanobacteria of the genus Deuteromycetes. It has not been seen under natural conditions of sexual nature. The pathogen mycelium is olive, born between host cells and assembled into a mycelial mass. Conidiophore brown, 2–17 rooted, pale apically or colorless, unbranched, size 22–643.5–6.5 (μm). Conidia are colorless, whip-shaped, straight or curved, apical apex, with 6-12 septa, size 50-3602.5-4.5 (μm). On the beet leaf agar medium, continuous fluorescent irradiation at 25°C for 7 days produces a large amount of conidia. Conidia development temperature 25-28 °C, above 37 °C or below 5 °C developmental arrest. Treated at 45°C for 10 minutes died. The optimal relative humidity for germination is 98%-100%, and it is best in water droplets. The mycelial group has a strong life ability and can survive for 2 years on a bulb or leaf.
Transmission routes and pathogenic conditions The pathogens used wintering as a group of mycelium on bulbs or sick bodies to become the source of infestation at the beginning of the year. When the temperature and humidity are suitable in the spring, conidia are produced and spread by wind and rain in 500-1000m. Conidia germinate in the water droplets or dew drops on the leaves to generate germ tubes, and on the next day, an attachment is formed in the gas. On the third day, the invading filaments are infiltrated by the pores, and the sucker is formed into the living cells. Average temperature of 19-23 °C suitable for infection. The highest incubation period is 25-29°C and the lowest is 13°C. The incubation period is only 5-8 days. The severity of the disease depends on the number of infections. The average temperature in production is higher than 15°C, the lowest average temperature is higher than 10°C, rainfall is more than 10mm, and there is another rainfall, spores can be generated and spread, and then the first batch occurs after 10-15 days of incubation. Disease spots. Afterwards, the average temperature is 10-25°C, and the minimum is 13°C or more. Every 10,000 or more rainfalls every ten days, each time about 20mm of rain, the disease becomes popular.
Control methods (1) Disease resistant varieties such as Tianyan 201, Tianyan 301, Tianyan 302, Tianyan 303, Shuangfeng No. 8 and Fanyu No. 1 were selected. (2) Dispose of the diseased body promptly after harvesting, centralize burning or manure, and reduce the source of overwintering bacteria. (3) Implement rotation for more than 4 years. The sugar beet land should be kept at a distance of more than 500m from last year's beet land. (4) Begin the prediction before onset of disease. Spray 50% polymyxin WP 800 times or 70% thiophanate-methyl WP 1000 times, 50% carbendazim WP 800 times at the beginning of onset. Liquid, 40% exterminate disease gel suspension 700 times, 40% 100 cream gel suspension 600-700 times. When the above agent fails to work, switch to 50% Benomyl WP or 50% Propionine WP 1500x and 65% Trimethasone WP 1000x once every 10-15 days for continuous control. 2-3 times.
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This product should be stored in a cool and dry place in sealed container, avoiding insolation, high temperature and damp. The product has been formulated for optimal stability. Extended storage or adverse conditions such as higher temperature or higher humidity may lead to a higher dosage requirement.
Enzyme preparations are proteins, which may induce sensitization and cause allergic type reactions in sensitized individuals. Prolonged contact may cause minor irritation for skin, eyes or nasal mucosa, so any direct contiguity with human body should be avoided. If irritation or allergic response for skin or eyes develops, consult a doctor.
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