In May, the fruit of the peach tree in the greenhouse has been basically harvested. The nutrients produced by leaf photosynthesis are no longer used for fruit growth and consumption, but for flower bud differentiation, thickened branches, mature tissues and accumulation of nutrients. Therefore, it is very important to strengthen the management after fruit harvest.
15 days after the timely film removal and timely supplement of fertilizer and fruit harvesting, the fruit farmers should fully open the greenhouse vents during the day to increase the amount of ventilation to reduce the temperature in the shed from the original 15 ℃ ~ 30 ℃ to 10 ℃ ~ 26 ℃, let it Close to the temperature outside the shed. When the average daily temperature outside reaches 15 ℃ ~ 20 ℃, the fruit farmers can peel off the shed film to allow the growth of peach trees from the artificial environment to the natural environment. However, it should be noted that if the film is uncovered too early and too fast, frost damage will occur in the case of late frost; and if the nutrient supply is not timely, it will also cause rotten roots and yellow leaves, affecting the differentiation of flower buds.
In addition, fruit farmers need to supplement fertilizer in time. Because of the long fruit in the early stage of the tree, it consumes a lot of nutrients, which has made the tree in a "hungry state". Therefore, after the fruit is harvested, it should be supplemented in time.
Scientifically pruning for a rainy day. Peaches in greenhouses now adopt new high-density tree shapes such as trunk shape, Y shape, and one-side down. Therefore, the fruit farmers must timely dry them after harvesting. Specific methods include: thinning, retraction, short cut, etc.
Thinning, that is, removing dense branches, thick branches, macro-vegetative branches, sweeping branches, and then-born branches. For the weak branches that were born in the current year, if there is space, you can stay and shrink at the secondary or tertiary branches. Retraction, that is, to re-retract the resulting branches, retract the parts with branches. In addition, for the new shoots over 30 centimeters that are sent out from the trunk, a short cut is required, and only 3 to 5 centimeters can be selected.
The principles of pruning are: to stay strong and stay weak, to stay straight and oblique, and to eliminate the dense branches on the back. Finally, for the trunk shape, leave 15-20 fruit branches per peach tree, and the total fruit branches are generally left 40-60. Under the condition of ensuring ventilation and light transmission, it can also be left as appropriate. The distribution of branches should be thin and dense, short and long, thin and coarse, suitable for sparseness.
Controlling growth and controlling pests and diseases In summer, peach trees grow vigorously under sufficient water and fertilizer conditions. At this time, measures must be taken to control growth and promote flower bud differentiation. Fruit farmers can take measures to shovel the branches to make the branches flat. In addition, after July, no more nitrogen fertilizer will be applied, and the amount of watering will be reduced. At the same time, growth inhibitors, such as PBO 150 times, can be sprayed appropriately.
After pruning the fruit, it is necessary to focus on prevention of perforation and gum disease. Fruit farmers can alternately spray 2 times ningnanmycin 600 times, 20% tebuconazole 1500 times, 70% thiophanate methyl 800 times. To prevent aphids, scale insects, red spiders, leaf moths and other hazards, fruit farmers can spray 70% imidacloprid 4000 times solution, 25% diflubenzuron No. 3 1500 times solution.
Disclaimer: Some articles of this website are transferred from the Internet. If the legal rights of third parties are involved, please inform this website for processing. phone
The automatic biochemical analyzer is an instrument that measures a specific chemical composition in body fluids according to the principle of photoelectric colorimetry. Due to its fast measurement speed, high accuracy and small consumption of reagents, it has been widely used in hospitals, epidemic prevention stations and family planning service stations at all levels. The combined use can greatly improve the efficiency and benefits of routine biochemical testing.
principle
The automatic analyzer is to automatically run all or part of the steps of sampling, mixing, warm bath (37°C) detection, result calculation, judgment, display and printing results and cleaning in the original manual operation process. Today, biochemical tests are basically automated analysis, and there are fully automatic biochemical analysis systems designed for large or very large clinical laboratories and commercial laboratories, which can be arbitrarily configured according to the laboratory's testing volume.
Whether it is the fastest-running (9600Test/h) modular fully automatic biochemical analyzer today, or the original manual-operated photoelectric colorimeter for colorimetry, the principle is the use of absorption spectroscopy in spectroscopic technology. It is the most basic core of the biochemical instrument.
Optical system: is a key part of ACA. Older ACA systems used halogen tungsten lamps, lenses, color filters, and photocell assemblies. The optical part of the new ACA system has been greatly improved. ACA's beam splitting system can be divided into front splitting and rear splitting due to different light positions. The advanced optical components use a set of lenses between the light source and the cuvette to convert the original light source. The light projected by the lamp passes through the cuvette to bring the beam to the speed of light (unlike traditional wedge beams), so that the spot beam can pass through even the smallest cuvette. Compared with traditional methods, it can save reagent consumption by 40-60%. After the spot beam passes through the cuvette, the spot beam is restored to the original beam through this group of restoration lenses (wide difference correction system), and is divided into several fixed wavelengths (about 10 or more wavelengths) by the grating. The optical/digital signal direct conversion technology is used to directly convert the optical signal in the optical path into a digital signal. It completely eliminates the interference of electromagnetic waves to the signal and the attenuation in the process of signal transmission. At the same time, the optical fiber is used in the signal transmission process, so that the signal can achieve no attenuation, and the test accuracy is improved by nearly 100 times. The closed combination of the optical path system makes the optical path without any maintenance, and the light splitting is accurate and the service life is long.
Constant temperature system: Since the temperature of the biochemical reaction has a great influence on the reaction results, the sensitivity and accuracy of the constant temperature system directly affect the measurement results. The early biochemical instruments used the method of air bath, and later developed into a dry bath with constant temperature liquid circulation which combines the advantages of dry air bath and water bath. The principle is to design a constant temperature tank around the cuvette, and add a stable constant temperature liquid that is odorless, non-polluting, non-evaporating and non-deteriorating in the tank. The constant temperature liquid has a large capacity, good thermal stability and uniformity. The cuvette does not directly contact the constant temperature liquid, which overcomes the characteristics of the water bath type constant temperature being susceptible to pollution and the uneven and unstable air bath.
Sample reaction stirring technology and probe technology: The traditional reaction stirring technology adopts magnetic bead type and vortex stirring type. The current popular stirring technology is a stirring unit composed of multiple groups of stirring rods that imitate the manual cleaning process. When the first group of stirring rods is stirring the sample/reagent or mixed solution, the second group of stirring rods performs high-speed and high-efficiency cleaning at the same time. The set of stirring bars also undergoes a warm water washing and air drying process at the same time. In the design of a single stirring rod, a new type of spiral high-speed rotating stirring is adopted, and the rotation direction is opposite to the spiral direction, thereby increasing the stirring force, the stirred liquid does not foam, and reducing the scattering of light by microbubbles. Reagent and sample probes are based on the principle of early capacitive sensing, but slightly improved to increase the alarm of blood clots and protein clots, and re-test results according to the alarm level, reducing sample aspiration errors and improving the reliability of test results. . Large-scale biochemical instruments can detect more than 1,000 tests per hour, so automatic retesting is very important. Subjective evaluation of test results and manual retesting can no longer meet clinical needs.
Other aspects: barcode recognition of reagents and samples and computer login. Due to the lack of barcode recognition function of early biochemical instruments, there are more opportunities for errors. In recent years, both imported and domestic chemical instruments have adopted barcode detection. The use of this technology in biochemical instruments has provided technical support for the development of high-speed ACA, and also made the instrument quite supportive. The software development is simple and easy, therefore, barcode detection is the basis for the intelligence of the instrument. Open reagents, as an important factor for hospitals to choose models, whether the instrument supports open reagents is very important. After the reagents are opened, hospitals and scientific research units can choose their own reagent suppliers, and have a greater degree of freedom in measuring the price, the reliability of the test results, and the validity period of the reagents. Ion Selective Electrode Analysis Accessory (ISE), human serum and urine electrolyte indicators are very important, and hospitals can save money by adding ISE to the ACA system.
Bio Chemistry Analyzer, Clinical Chemistry Analyzer, Blood Chemistry Analyzer,Urine Chemistry Analyzer
Jilin Sinoscience Technology Co. LTD , https://www.jilinsinoscience.com