Do not use undeveloped cake fertilizer. Because cake fertilizer has a small carbon-to-nitrogen ratio and quickly decomposes, it is easy to produce high temperature and high concentration of ammonia and organic acids locally, and it is easy to burn roots. The cake fertilizer should be broken up, soaked in human feces and urine for about 3 weeks, and then applied after high-temperature fermentation.
Do not use ammonium sulfate and ammonium bicarbonate. Ammonium sulfate is a physiologically acidic fertilizer. After application, it will increase the acidity of the soil and destroy the soil structure. After the application of ammonium bicarbonate, a large amount of ammonia gas is emitted, which is unfavorable to the growth of vegetables.
Do not use chlorine-containing fertilizers. Chloride ions can reduce the starch and sugar content of vegetables, deteriorate the quality of vegetables and reduce the yield, and the residual chloride ions in the soil can cause soil acidification and easily cause soil decalcification.
Do not fertilize in drought conditions. Vegetables are water-loving crops. Applying fertilizer when the soil is dry will not only fail to give full play to the fertilizer effect, but will also cause the concentration of the soil solution to rise suddenly, making it easy to burn the roots of the vegetables. Vegetable fertilization should be combined with irrigation, fertilization should be ditched, and the fertilizer should be buried tightly before irrigation, or topdressing along the water.
Do not over-apply diammonium phosphate. Vegetables require a lot of nitrogen and potassium, but less phosphorus. Even if phosphate fertilizer is added, diammonium phosphate should not be mixed with alkaline fertilizers such as plant ash to avoid the volatilization of ammonia and cause ammonia damage.
Do not apply potassium fertilizer in the late growth period. Vegetables generally require more potassium fertilizer before and after flowering, and then gradually decrease. Moreover, phosphorus is easily absorbed and solidified by the soil and loses fertilizer efficiency. Therefore, phosphate fertilizer is suitable as a base fertilizer or concentrated in the soil layer with dense roots in the early stage of vegetables.
Don't put iron fertilizer and rare earth fertilizer into the soil. Iron ions are easily converted into insoluble compounds by the soil and lose their fertility effect, so do not apply iron fertilizer to the soil. Iron does not flow easily on the leaves, so it should be sprayed on the leaves. You can use 0.1%~0.3% ferrous sulfate solution to spray evenly on vegetable leaves, or use 0.05%~0.07% rare earth fertilizer solution on vegetable leaves. Spray on the surface, spray 50-60 kg of solution per mu.
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