In cooperation with Chinese and American scientists, by injecting a nanomaterial into mice, for the first time in history, mammals have seen infrared light that they could not see. Since the detection of infrared light is commonly used in night vision devices, some netizens claim that human beings have realized the dream that "eye drops can be night vision". In this regard, Prof. Bao Jin from the University of Science and Technology of China, who participated in the experiment, said that there is still a long way to go to achieve “human eye night visionâ€, but this discovery is expected to bring “eye drops†for color blindness.
The world's first Chinese and American scientists let mice see infrared light Many people have done this kind of experiment when they were young. A beam of sunlight through the prism will change the "seven colors of brilliance" from red to purple. These lights are called "visible light." In fact, in addition to the "seven-color light", there are more "lights" that are invisible to the naked eye, and a part of the light whose wavelength is longer than red light is called "infrared light" or "infrared light". For humans who have been able to extend their horizons to the universe, seeing the infrared light that is around us has always been an elusive dream.
Recently, human beings have taken a big step towards realizing this dream. The official website of the University of Science and Technology of China announced that the research team of Professor Xue Tian of the Department of Life Science and Medicine of the University of Science and Technology of China cooperated with the research group of Professor Han Gang of the Massachusetts State University School of Medicine. By injecting nanomaterials into the mouse retina, the naked-eye infrared light perception and infrared image vision capabilities of the naked eye were achieved for the first time. Since the working principle of the infrared night vision device used by people is that the effect of nighttime observation is realized by detecting the infrared light, some netizens see this discovery and think that human beings can use night vision to drop eye drops. "?"
Has the "Night Vision Eye Drop" really been developed? The reporter of Beiqing Daily interviewed Professor Bao Jin, the co-first author of the study.
The coincidence of injection of nanomaterials into the retina of mice. Professor Bao Jin introduced that this discovery was partly the result of a coincidence. Previously, Xue Tian, ​​Executive Dean of the School of Life Sciences of China University of Science and Technology, and a professor of Korean Institute of State University of Massachusetts, who was engaged in research on new materials, learned a nanomaterial that could change the wavelength of infrared light. In the subsequent experiments, Xue Tian, ​​who has been engaged in visual research for a long time, thought about whether this nanomaterial could be applied to the retina of animals so that animals could see infrared light. So, scientists used a syringe to inject nanomaterials into the retina of mice.
After all, the little mouse is not human. It is impossible to tell the scientists whether they have seen infrared light. How can the little mouse "talk"?
Professor Bao Jin introduced that in the experiment, scientists will observe the effect of infrared light on brain waves in mice. Mice without injection of nanomaterials face infrared light, and their brain waves are almost unchanged, indicating that they do not feel any difference in their consciousness. When infrared light was irradiated to mice in which nanomaterials were injected, it was observed that the brain waves of the mice produced very similar changes as when visible light was observed. The brain wave of the little mouse "speaks".
In addition, mice that were not injected with nanomaterials faced infrared light, and the pupils showed little change, while the pupils of mice injected with nanomaterials responded significantly to infrared light.
These reactions indicate that mice injected with nanomaterials did respond to visible light. Bao Jin said: "In the mouse's vision, they see a green image. The reason why they choose green is because animals respond more strongly to green."
Clever experiment, let the mouse say "see the image"
In another experiment called the "black and white box", the scientists divided a box into two parts, leaving only a small hole in the middle. There was no light on one side of the hole. This dark place is very popular among mice. On the other side, infrared light is placed. In the experiment, mice that had not been injected with nanomaterials shuttled back and forth on both sides of the hole, and the stay time was almost the same. Mice injected with nanomaterials seldom stayed on the side with infrared light. This experiment once again proved that mice injected with nanomaterials "feel" infrared light.
But the experimenters still want to go further, just like the more serious myopia can also feel the day is day or night. "Feeling light and seeing clear images are two different concepts, we hope to know, mice Can you see the image." So how do you let the mouse speak and say if you see the image?
Bao Jin admitted that a series of experiments to verify whether mice can see images is the most difficult step in the whole research process, and the related experiments lasted for about half a year. In the end, the scientists designed a set of experiments called "water maze", put the mice in a water tank, the mice will swim hard to avoid drowning, but the water in the box is dyed white, making the mice I can't see a life-saving platform hidden under the water.
In the water tank, there are two channels, each with a pattern illuminated by infrared light. In each experiment, the hidden life-saving platform is located under the fixed pattern. With repeated experiments, the mouse quickly learned that the platform for life-saving is located. The fixed pattern, so no matter which channel the experimenter puts the pattern and platform, the mouse can always find the correct channel and life-saving platform accurately.
Since then, the experimenter has changed the pattern of infrared light many times, and the mice are able to make the same reaction in the experiment. "The reaction of the mice proves that after injecting nanomaterials, they can indeed distinguish the pattern of infrared light."
Question Is this experiment applicable to humans?
Bao Jin said that although the structure of the human retina is very similar to the retinal structure of mice, in theory this technology can be transferred to humans, but there is still a long way to go to achieve this dream: "Don't say Whether humans really need the function of night vision, even if you really want to do this experiment, you need to pass the review of ideas and ethics before you can proceed."
Han Gang, who participated in the experiment, also said in an interview with the media that in theory, this "nanomaterial" is effective for humans, and the research team plans to carry out further experiments on dogs. After wearing the existing infrared night vision device, the conventional vision of the human eye will be affected differently. Han Gang said that the experiment proves that this new material can maintain the conventional vision while sensing infrared light. After about 10 weeks, this night vision ability disappeared and the normal vision of the mice was not affected.
Bao Jin said that at present, this new technology is expected to provide tremendous help for some people with color blindness. "In a sense, we can't see infrared light is also a kind of color blindness, the technology of turning infrared light into visible light, can also turn the light that can't be seen by people with color blindness into the light they can see. From this point of view This technology is expected to bring the gospel to patients with color blindness. (Reporter Qu Chang coordinating Jiang Wei)
Source: Beijing Youth Daily
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