Israel, the Middle East country thousands of miles away from China has once again appeared in people's field of vision. On the opening day of the first China International Import Expo, the Israeli Ministry of Science and Technology signed a memorandum with the Shanghai Municipal People's Government. The life science represented by science and cooperation in the four fields of agriculture, energy and environmental protection. To this end, the two sides will set up joint laboratories and jointly fund related cooperation projects.
Israel's life sciences industry is experiencing rapid growth under the trend of the global pharmaceutical industry. Especially in the field of medical devices, Israel is the world's second largest supplier of medical devices. The country's medical device companies account for 53% of the total number of companies in the industry. %. Why is this small piece of land bred so many medical device companies? Today, the intelligent theory of relativity wants to discuss with you why Israel can become a major innovation in medical devices, and what kind of enlightenment the country's innovation mechanism has on China's medical industry innovation.
Israeli model: a difficult industry chain spawns excellent IP
It must be said that Israel's performance in the field of medical devices is very good. According to statistics, the number of medical device patents per capita in Israel is the highest in the world, and the absolute number is the seventh in the world. As early as 1999-2003, Israel's medical device patents grew by 20% in a few years, ranking third in the world. In addition to strong innovation capabilities, Israel's medical device entrepreneurship also showed excellent IP effects.
From film and television to games to publishing, the entire entertainment industry is speculating on the concept of IP. Indeed, in the east wind of the Internet, the industry is developing its own resources, and the medical industry is no exception. In China, the phenomenon of “net red medical treatment†has always existed, but it is more concentrated around personal IP. For example, in traditional medical treatment, patients tend to choose an expert when they go to the hospital, and in the Internet medical treatment, the brand clove garden is Last year, the clove doctor IP system was released, and the slogan "One city, one doctor" was played.
In fact, the medical field in Israel is also built around IP. However, unlike the IP of physicians in the Chinese medical field, “Made is not as good as Buddhaâ€, Israel’s medical IP is mainly developed around core technologies.
In medical devices, Israeli technology inventors are mostly clinicians. These doctors often think about solutions to problems based on the situation encountered in clinical practice. When they have a prototype of a product, they will find familiarity. Engineers work together to complete the design of the product prototype and apply for IP immediately upon completion. In the process, the hospital will also participate and help these technology inventors apply for patents, improved products and docking resources.
On a per capita basis, Israel is the country with the largest number of patent applications and scientific papers published worldwide. According to the “Global Innovation Index†from 2012 to 2016, under the framework of the Patent Cooperation Agreement, Israel’s patent applications ranked seventh, 11, 11, 8, and 7 respectively.
Israel's medical IP protection environment is very good. In addition, each company attaches great importance to IP. If a company fails due to poor management, the IP of this company is likely to become a resource for many companies. What's more, there will be startups that buy IP and re-start their business around this IP. Therefore, although Israel has two world-renowned biotechnology start-up companies --
InterPharm and Bio-TechnologyGeneral, but there are also many young, smaller companies.
The reason why Israeli medical companies want to use core technology as IP is to consider their exit path in this field. Unlike China's medical startups, which need to complete a series of links in research and development, clinical, marketing, and sales, a considerable number of Israeli companies will choose to sell this IP to multinational companies after completing clinical trials. Therefore, the Israeli medical device company is essentially creating a “net red product†rather than building a company brand.
According to data released by the Israel Venture Capital Research Center in 2014, although there are some well-known large companies in Israel, such as Teva Pharmaceuticals with more than 40,000 employees, and more than 1,000 employees of Tarot and Dexcel, more than 75% There are no more than 25 employees, and more than half of them have fewer than 10 employees.
Selling core technology as a network red product is because Israel's domestic market has limited capacity, it cannot provide a corresponding complete industrial chain in the face of high technology, and its products cannot be sold to neighboring countries in the Middle East because of political factors. Israeli companies are more inclined to move their core technology to other countries to hatch, and China has become one of Israel's best choices. Israel’s Minister of Science and Technology, Orfair Akunis, once said, “Today, going to China and getting in touch with Chinese companies to find opportunities for innovative cooperation has become a consensus of the Israeli political and business community.â€
As a result, Israel has a number of “technical intermediaries†companies, including Hessian University's Yissum, Wetzmann Institute of Technology's YEDA Technology Transfer, Tel Aviv's Lamot Technology Transfer, and Israel Institute of Technology's T3 technology. The transfer company, which was founded in 1964, is mainly engaged in biotechnology, nanotechnology, pharmaceuticals, etc. Currently, it manages 1,200 patents of the school. In 2003, it spent more than 2 million US dollars to register 83 new patents. About 93 patents have been registered, and its complete technology transfer system has promoted the industrialization of technological achievements.
The world's leading position can be as simple as imagined
Overall, the Israeli model has achieved good results. In the face of Israel's endless innovations in the medical field, many people attribute it to the Jewish brain. We certainly do not rule out the influence of Jewish traits. However, we have to consider that there are many in Canada and Latin America. The Jewish people’s rate of innovation is far less than that of Israel. Therefore, the factor of "natural talent" is not the determining factor. In fact, the talent may be only one percent, and the remaining 99% is the result of many factors intertwined. The intelligent theory of relativity attempts to explore why Israel is successful in the medical device field both objectively and subjectively.
1. Unintentional willow
China’s Central South University has conducted a study—using the book “The Country of Entrepreneurship: The Enlightenment of the Israeli Economic Miracle†as a sample, through the analysis of word frequency and key events, to explore the important factors affecting the success of Israeli entrepreneurship. Among them, the word frequency of the "military service system" appears high and contains 10 key events. Obviously, Israel’s “compulsory military service†has become one of the important factors affecting Israeli entrepreneurship.
In order to cope with the harsh geopolitical environment, Israel has implemented compulsory military service, which means that young people who are 18 years of age or older are required to serve for two to three years. After the expiration of the service period, they will be converted into reserve service. During the reserve period, military training will be carried out for 2 to 4 weeks each year until 45 years old.
This system has two advantages in objective terms. On the one hand, after retiring, soldiers can use their high-tech military skills in the military to develop civilian products. In fact, the advancement of Israeli medical technology is largely due to the defense sector. For example, the Ohio-based SurgicalTheater is a VR medical company whose two founders are from Israel. The two former Air Force officers applied the virtual reality flight simulator technology in the military to brain surgery modeling. .
On the other hand, the regular training of more than 20 years of reserve service facilitates the formation of an interconnected network of soldiers. In this network, the extensiveness of soldiers' sources also provides opportunities for cross-industry and cross-sectoral entrepreneurship. As a result, many of Israel's startups are highly interdisciplinary. For example, Syqe, a startup that uses medical marijuana technology as its core business, is expected to launch a 3D printed marijuana inhaler with the prototyping capabilities of 3D printing technology, and with Israeli pharmaceutical giant Teva. The company signed a distribution agreement.
2. Heart flower arrangement
From a subjective perspective, Israel is able to produce good medical device innovations continuously. One of the most important reasons is the government's understanding and attention to innovation. In the national guidance innovation system, the Israeli government has focused on venture capital, the most important of which is the YOZMA program, which has low risk and high returns, attracting a large number of foreign venture capital and mature management experience, and promoting the benign nature of the industry. cycle.
On the other hand, Israel's start-up medical device company has a mature outsourcing service system. Among them, CMO and CRO are the core outsourcing partners of Israel's start-up medical equipment company, and the rest are such as company finance, legal affairs, product demonstration video production, and even BP production. There are mature third-party outsourcing service providers.
Among them, the provider of CRO is mainly hospitals. It has to be said that the support of Israeli hospitals for medical equipment companies is very difficult to see in China. In addition to helping start-up companies to do clinical outsourcing services, these hospitals will also provide very active “entrepreneurial typesâ€. "Doctor", the chief medical officer of the startup, and in these experienced clinicians, the company can often find many good projects.
The Enlightenment of Israel's Medical Device Industry Development Experience to China
Today, the medical device industry is a strategic emerging industry that is supported by China. With the rapid development of the economy, China's medical device industry has developed rapidly, with an average annual compound growth rate of approximately 23.89%.
However, compared with the international market, China's medical device market still has huge room for growth. According to statistics, in the global medical device market, the size of the medical device market has been comparable to that of the pharmaceutical market in the same period, while the Chinese medical device market is only 14% of the pharmaceutical market in the same period.
Israel has accumulated many successful experiences in the field of innovation in the field of medical equipment, such as increasing investment in research and development, improving policies and regulations, implementing intelligence-inducing programs, enhancing the vitality of enterprise innovation, creating university industrial parks, creating innovative cultural atmospheres, etc. Experience has important reference significance for the development of China's medical machinery industry.
1. Alone Better Together
Due to the political and economic resistance of neighboring countries, the biotech products of Israeli startups will skip the neighboring Middle East countries. In addition, the country's land area is small, the population is small, and the market capacity is limited. Most of its products will face the world. Therefore, from the beginning, the medical equipment industry of Israel has paid great attention to the utilization of foreign resources.
According to a survey conducted by the Economic and Commercial Counsellor's Office of the Embassy in Israel, most of the 280 global multinational life sciences research and development centers in Israel are established after the acquisition of local companies by foreign companies. According to data from the Israel High-Tech Industry Research Center, in 2014, 167 companies in the Israeli life sciences industry raised a total of 801 million US dollars, of which the main source of venture capital is foreign investors, while the investment of local venture capital companies is only 13%.
From this, our country has been inspired that no country can leave its cooperation with international counterparts in terms of innovation in medical devices. First, with the global manufacturing capacity shift and the improvement of domestic equipment manufacturing capabilities, China has become an important exporter of medical devices. According to China Customs statistics, in 2015, the export value of medical equipment has reached 38.889 billion US dollars, with a compound growth rate of 11.18% in the past 5 years.
Secondly, the domestic medical device industry cluster has formed, with high-quality R & D team and skilled workers, able to complete cost-effective products, and the use of cost advantages to attract multinational companies to move technology research and other industrial links into China has become a trend.
2. Escape the homogenization spell
In addition to the landing of foreign resources, Israel's emphasis on local innovation is also an important factor in its success. The resulting favorable policies can also effectively support enterprise innovation and internationalization of high-end products.
China's medical device industry has low concentration and the Matthew effect is serious. For example, Mindray Medical is the largest medical device manufacturer in China, and its sales in 2016 exceeded RMB 9 billion. However, the scale of tens of thousands of medical equipment enterprises at the tail is generally small, and the homogenization is serious. However, the small scale of enterprises will lead to insufficient investment in research and development and backward equipment, which also seriously restricts the independent innovation of medical equipment enterprises in China. The market is weaker.
Therefore, in order to achieve rapid development of China's medical machinery industry, it is necessary to pay attention to this innovative subject of enterprises. Whether it is the technological entrepreneurship of small and micro enterprises or the development of leading enterprises, it also needs the support of various related systems. Including financial support, policy support, and so on. Policies must not only be guided in the general direction, but also gradually introduce local policies, which can further encourage local enterprises to innovate and reduce the investment of people, finances and materials in product development.
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