Agricultural machinery power is dominated by diesel engines. Therefore, how to properly operate the diesel engine is crucial for improving tool life, maintaining good conditions, saving fuel costs, and improving work efficiency.
Diesel engine operation can be divided into start, run and stop.
(1) Starting Check whether the diesel, oil, and cooling water are sufficient, and whether the bolts are tightened at each location. If everything is normal, start it. In the preheated and decompressed state, the crankshaft is rotated. After reaching the starting speed, the throttle is placed at 2/3, and the preheating and decompression are stopped, and the diesel engine can be started. After the diesel engine is started, it should be operated at a low speed for a while. Check whether the oil pressure is normal and whether the machine has abnormal noise.
When the body temperature of the engine with electric start is low, it can be preheated for 30-60 seconds and then press the start button; each time the starting motor runs for less than 5 seconds, the restart should be at least 60 seconds.
During start-up, do not bang the throttle. Because the sudden increase in the diesel engine speed, the impact load is generated on the crank linkage mechanism and the air distribution mechanism, which increases the wear or even damage of these components. At the same time, it causes incomplete combustion of fuel, smoke, waste of oil, combustion of carbon in the combustion chamber, and increased wear. The governor safety clutch often slips, and for a long time, the elasticity of the tablet is ineffective, so that the diesel engine will “carryâ€.
(2) Run the machine at low speed for 10 to 20 minutes to check if the oil pressure, water temperature, and oil temperature are normal. The oil pressure at medium speed should be higher than 10 ~ 12MPa (1 ~ 1.2kg/cm2), the current meter pointer should be placed on the car charging position, the engine is running stable, no abnormal noise. If all parts are normal, then put the throttle in a larger position, so that the diesel engine runs at rated speed, until the water temperature reaches 60 ~ C or so, the oil temperature reaches 40 °C or so before it can put into load operation. In the course of the operation, it is necessary to grasp the throttle properly and not to increase or decrease sharply. If you need to stop temporarily, you should remove the load, reduce the throttle, and turn off the air after running for ~5min.
Abnormal conditions were found, such as a sharp drop in oil pressure, sharp rise in water temperature, abnormal speed or speed, abnormal sound, loose flywheel, inoperative transmission parts, and stuck moving parts. They should be immediately stopped for inspection and exclusion.
Diesel engines generally should not operate at low speeds for long periods of time. Because from the aspect of diesel atomization, the atomization of the diesel fuel sprayed by the injector is related to the injection pressure and the rotation speed of the camshaft. The higher the injection pressure and the camshaft speed, the better the diesel atomization quality. The rotation speed of the camshaft varies with the rotation speed of the crankshaft. When the diesel engine crankshaft rotation speed is lower than the rated rotation speed, the atomization quality of the diesel fuel deteriorates. When the time passes, the diesel engine will not work properly.
When the diesel engine is operating in the low-speed operation range, the cylinder heat loss is relatively high, and the fuel consumption rate is high. At the same time, the temperature of the engine body is low, and the lubrication system oil pressure and flow rate are small, which deteriorates the lubrication conditions of the main transmission components and increases wear.
From the use point of view, when the diesel engine fails to reach the rated power at low speed, the productivity will be reduced, and the work will not be smooth. The connecting rod bearings and other components will work under abnormal impact load, and accidents such as dropping of the bearing alloy will occur. In addition, when operating at a low speed, it is easy to cause an overload, which causes the temperature of the engine to rise and the lubrication is poor. Therefore, the diesel engine is not suitable for long-term low-speed operation
When the vehicle is to be stopped after the operation is completed, the load should be unloaded, the throttle should be gradually reduced, and the engine should be operated at a low speed for 3 to 5 minutes until the water temperature drops to 60 to 70°C. It is forbidden to turn off the flame by the decompression method so as not to increase the damage of the mechanical parts. If it is winter, when the ambient temperature is low, do not release the cooling water immediately after parking. Before the water temperature drops to 30 to 40°C, the cooling water can be released to avoid deformation and cracks in the cylinder block and the cylinder head.
Diesel engine operation can be divided into start, run and stop.
(1) Starting Check whether the diesel, oil, and cooling water are sufficient, and whether the bolts are tightened at each location. If everything is normal, start it. In the preheated and decompressed state, the crankshaft is rotated. After reaching the starting speed, the throttle is placed at 2/3, and the preheating and decompression are stopped, and the diesel engine can be started. After the diesel engine is started, it should be operated at a low speed for a while. Check whether the oil pressure is normal and whether the machine has abnormal noise.
When the body temperature of the engine with electric start is low, it can be preheated for 30-60 seconds and then press the start button; each time the starting motor runs for less than 5 seconds, the restart should be at least 60 seconds.
During start-up, do not bang the throttle. Because the sudden increase in the diesel engine speed, the impact load is generated on the crank linkage mechanism and the air distribution mechanism, which increases the wear or even damage of these components. At the same time, it causes incomplete combustion of fuel, smoke, waste of oil, combustion of carbon in the combustion chamber, and increased wear. The governor safety clutch often slips, and for a long time, the elasticity of the tablet is ineffective, so that the diesel engine will “carryâ€.
(2) Run the machine at low speed for 10 to 20 minutes to check if the oil pressure, water temperature, and oil temperature are normal. The oil pressure at medium speed should be higher than 10 ~ 12MPa (1 ~ 1.2kg/cm2), the current meter pointer should be placed on the car charging position, the engine is running stable, no abnormal noise. If all parts are normal, then put the throttle in a larger position, so that the diesel engine runs at rated speed, until the water temperature reaches 60 ~ C or so, the oil temperature reaches 40 °C or so before it can put into load operation. In the course of the operation, it is necessary to grasp the throttle properly and not to increase or decrease sharply. If you need to stop temporarily, you should remove the load, reduce the throttle, and turn off the air after running for ~5min.
Abnormal conditions were found, such as a sharp drop in oil pressure, sharp rise in water temperature, abnormal speed or speed, abnormal sound, loose flywheel, inoperative transmission parts, and stuck moving parts. They should be immediately stopped for inspection and exclusion.
Diesel engines generally should not operate at low speeds for long periods of time. Because from the aspect of diesel atomization, the atomization of the diesel fuel sprayed by the injector is related to the injection pressure and the rotation speed of the camshaft. The higher the injection pressure and the camshaft speed, the better the diesel atomization quality. The rotation speed of the camshaft varies with the rotation speed of the crankshaft. When the diesel engine crankshaft rotation speed is lower than the rated rotation speed, the atomization quality of the diesel fuel deteriorates. When the time passes, the diesel engine will not work properly.
When the diesel engine is operating in the low-speed operation range, the cylinder heat loss is relatively high, and the fuel consumption rate is high. At the same time, the temperature of the engine body is low, and the lubrication system oil pressure and flow rate are small, which deteriorates the lubrication conditions of the main transmission components and increases wear.
From the use point of view, when the diesel engine fails to reach the rated power at low speed, the productivity will be reduced, and the work will not be smooth. The connecting rod bearings and other components will work under abnormal impact load, and accidents such as dropping of the bearing alloy will occur. In addition, when operating at a low speed, it is easy to cause an overload, which causes the temperature of the engine to rise and the lubrication is poor. Therefore, the diesel engine is not suitable for long-term low-speed operation
When the vehicle is to be stopped after the operation is completed, the load should be unloaded, the throttle should be gradually reduced, and the engine should be operated at a low speed for 3 to 5 minutes until the water temperature drops to 60 to 70°C. It is forbidden to turn off the flame by the decompression method so as not to increase the damage of the mechanical parts. If it is winter, when the ambient temperature is low, do not release the cooling water immediately after parking. Before the water temperature drops to 30 to 40°C, the cooling water can be released to avoid deformation and cracks in the cylinder block and the cylinder head.
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