First, the bud before the fertilizer management
Fertilization is mainly organic fertilizer, supplemented by chemical fertilizers, and promotes the application of formula fertilization. It focuses on the application of multi-element fertilizers such as special fertilizers for fruit trees, trace fertilizers, and plant growth regulators on fruit trees. For the orchard without basal fertilization in the fall, it should be applied in the spring. The depth of the outer part of the canopy is 40-60 cm, and the depth of the sandy orchard is 60-80 cm. It is best to use ring fertilizer, cake fertilizer, green manure, and crop straw. Early fruiting saplings apply 2 cubic meters of organic fertilizer per acre, and fruit trees have 2 to 4 cubic meters of organic fertilizer applied per acre to reach the standard for pound fruit or pound fruit. At the same time, applying quick-acting fertilizer, formula fertilization can be applied before germination or after flowering. It should be located at an optimal position 1 meter away from the base of the trunk. The criteria for formula fertilization are as follows: Primary fruit trees: 0.5 kg of pure nitrogen, 0.5 kg of phosphorus, 0.5 kg of potassium, 0.1 kg of zinc sulfate, and 0.1 kg of ferrous sulfate per plant; Ammonium 3 kg, potassium chloride 2 kg, zinc sulfate 0.5 kg, ferrous sulfate 0.5 kg. Ground water after spreading.
Second, pest and disease prevention
1. Artificial control. Scrape rough skin, crack skin, cut off pests and branches, especially black spots of scab, remove fallen leaves, fallen fruits, and weeds under the trees and concentrate them deeply or burn them.
2. Chemical control. 1 The inflorescence separation period is the larval incubation period of P. crassifolia. At this time, the larvae are in the base of the pedicel or within the squamose joints. Spraying Baumemeidu Lithium Sulfur Mixture has a greater lethality to the newly hatched P. sinensis larvae, and at the same time, it can also treat the black stars. Disease, ringworm disease. 2 When 70% of flowers are dropped, spray 80% carbendazim 2000 times solution + 5% avermectin 8000 times solution + chlorpyrifos 1500 times solution to prevent and cure pear hibiscus, pear stem bee, red spider, scab, black spot disease. New varieties such as Huangguan Pear, Golden Pear, and Emerald Pear, etc. are sprayed with calcium fertilizer after spraying.
Third, flower and fruit management
1. Thinning flowers. When the number of branches exceeds 50% of the total branches, thinning should be carried out. Generally, it is carried out before inflorescences are separated until flowering. It is better not to be late as soon as possible. When the amount of flowers is large, the buds on the entire inflorescence can be removed. The inflorescence is 25 cm in diameter from avocado, 30 cm from Sydney and 25 cm from Huangguan Pear.
2. Pollination. 1 Full flowering spray 350 to 400 times liquid borax + 400 times liquid urea, can increase the fruit setting rate. 2 The orchard was given pollination. Put 1 box of bees per acre of pear orchard and place it in the middle of pear orchard 2 to 3 days before flowering. It is forbidden to spray highly toxic pesticides before flowering in the orchards pollinated with bees to avoid killing and killing bees.
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