Fennel is a perennial herb that is cultivated for one or two years. Native to the Mediterranean region, it is widely cultivated throughout China and has strong adaptability.
First, the mouth of the arrangement
The fennel is mostly cultivated in the spring and autumn seasons, that is, it is sown in March-April and July-September, and harvested in 40-55 days. It can also be cultivated in the greenhouse after the autumn extension or spring, so that the supply of fennel is delayed and 1 to 1.5 months in advance.
Second, the variety selection
Fennel generally chooses varieties that grow fast, are cold-resistant, disease-resistant, and have high yields, such as Inner Mongolia cumin and Qingxian “Dayu†cumin.
Third, fertilization and land preparation
Apply 3,000 kilograms of high-quality decomposed farmyard manure, 100 kilograms of superphosphate, or 15 to 20 kilograms of diammonium per acre. The ground is applied to the ground, and the depth is 耙, and the width is 1.2 meters.
Fourth, sowing
1. The amount of seeding. Generally 8 to 10 kg of seeds are planted per acre.
2. Seed treatment. It is commonly said that the fennel seeds are double-suspended in fruit and contain two seeds, which need to be opened before sowing. The fennel can be dried, seeded, soaked and germinated. In the spring, the greenhouse is generally cultivated with dry seeds or soaked seeds. If the sowing date is late, it can be germinated. Soaking seeding: soaking in water at 18 °C ~ 20 °C for 24 hours; germination and sowing: the soaked seeds are placed in the environment of 20 °C ~ 22 °C to germination, rinse once a day with water to wash away the mucus, about 6 days to sprout .
3. Sowing. On the day of sowing, first pour the bottom of the water on the flattened raft. In order to achieve uniform seeding, it can be planted twice. After sowing, the cover soil is 1 cm thick.
V. Field management
1. Temperature management. After sowing, before the emergence of the seedlings, the closed greenhouses are kept warm and cold. After the fennel emerges, the seedlings start to bleed when they are 7-8 cm high. Generally, when the temperature exceeds 22 °C in the morning, the air is released. When the temperature is lower than 20 °C in the afternoon, the air outlet is closed; in the middle of the morning, the air is released at 8 °C to 9 °C, and the air outlet is closed until 20 °C in the afternoon; In the later period, when the minimum outside temperature exceeds 3 °C, it will be ventilated day and night. The daytime vents should be large, and the night vents should be small. The maximum temperature during the day cannot exceed 24 °C, otherwise the fennel is easy to dry.
2. Water and fertilizer management. When the seedling height is about 20 cm, the water is poured once, the amount of water is moderate, and 10 to 15 kg of urea is applied in combination with the watering mu.
Sixth, harvest
When the seedling height is 30 cm, it can be harvested, and it can be harvested one after another. The average yield per mu is 2000-3000 kg, and the highest yield can reach 3500 kg.
Seven, pest control
The fennel has a short growth cycle and few diseases, mainly fennel sclerotinia, and the insect pest is mainly aphids.
1. Sclerotinia sickness. The appearance of the victim was wilting, and the diseased part was brown-wet or soft-rotted. The surface was entangled with filamentous mildew, that is, mycelium, and the surface of the diseased part and the stem cavity produced dark-colored rat fecal sclerotia. In the early stage of the disease, spray 50% of the keeling WP 1500-2000 times solution or 40% sclerotium WP 1500 times, spray once every 7 days, and spray 3 to 4 times.
2. Aphids. 50% anti-Converse WP can be used, 10 to 18 grams per acre, 30 to 50 kilograms of water spray.
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