I. Elimination of low-yield chickens Prior to the arrival of the cold season, discontinued chickens, low-yielding chickens, weak chickens, disabled chickens, severely virulent chickens, and unhealthy chickens should be eliminated in time, leaving good production performance, robustness, and normal egg production. The egg chickens are used to reduce feeding costs and increase production efficiency. 2. The most suitable temperature range for egg production in cold-proof and insulative laying hens is 18～23°C, which is lower than 5°C. The egg production is obviously decreased and feed consumption is increased. If the temperature is lower than 0°C, egg production stops. Therefore, the cold winter layer hens must first of all do a good job of cold insulation. Chicken farmers can use the following methods to keep warm according to their regions and conditions: 1. Seal all holes and cracks on the walls and roof of the house except the ventilation windows, fix the door, plug the north window, install glass or plastic film on the south window. Hang grass or cotton blankets at the door and window at night. 2. Add a mezzanine or ceiling under the roof to block cool air from entering the house. 3. A roof is set about 2 meters below the roof and a thick straw or plastic sheet is placed on the roof. 4. Hang the electric tweezers in the house or install a hot plate to warm it. 5. Install a large stove with a chimney or install a heating pipe inside the house. 6. In the henhouse with a playground, a plastic sloping greenhouse with a low height from the south to the north is installed at the playground to form a sealed whole with the playground. 7. Spread the dry upholstery on the coop (shelf) surface to ensure that the chicken is free from cold. 8. Drain openings should be installed on the excreta to prevent cold wind from entering the house. 9. Appropriately increase the stocking density, the ground level raising is 18 to 18 per square meter, and 6 to 8 per square meter. 10. Wind barriers are placed around the house to prevent cold winds. 11. When the temperature in the house is too low, the entire chicken house can be covered with a nylon film or a double plastic sheet, but be careful to leave some ventilation holes to prevent the layer chicken from suffocating. 12. Plastic greenhouses are used. In the dry, leeward, warm sun building plastic greenhouse. At the time of construction, a 1m-high wall was erected. The wall was made of bamboo poles, steel pipes, etc. to form a bow frame or a herringbone. The frame was covered with a PVC plastic film. The roof of the night should be covered with straw curtain insulation. Third, adjust the diet, increase nutrition Winter temperatures are low, the thermal energy consumption of layer, in order to maintain high yield and stable production, to increase the nutritional level of the diet, increase the proportion of animal raw materials, increase the energy level of the diet, increase corn, rice The proportion of energy feed, increase the amount of VA, YD or VD3, fully meet the needs of laying hens for protein, minerals, vitamins, etc., to ensure that winter chickens contain 12 megajoules of metabolic energy per kilogram of feed, crude protein 18%, Calcium 0.36% to 0.38%, phosphorus 0.6%. Self-ingredients formula can refer to the following proportions: corn 62%, bean cake 12.1%, wheat bran 13%, fish meal 4%, bone meal 1%, shell powder 7%, salt 0.3%, auxin 0.5%, methionine 0.1%. In addition, 10 grams of poultry multivitamins were added to 100 kg of feed. Also add some mince in the feed to increase the chicken's digestive capacity. The conditional chicken farmers try to feed the chickens with the feed produced by the feed mill. Fourth, pay attention to feeding methods Winter laying hens should try to feed dry materials, drink warm water, it is best to feed dry powder during the day, feed pellets at night. If you feed warm material, use warm water and spices, keep a certain amount of material, and clear the feeding trough after each feeding. Feed 4 to 5 times a day, but also increase the number of feedings appropriately, increase the amount of feeding appropriately (by 5% to 10% is appropriate), and feed one night of food every day to increase the energy intake and increase of the layers. Keep warm. 5. Feeding Additives Adding some additives to layer chicken feed during the winter can increase chicken egg production and cold tolerance, and reduce feed loss. Commonly used additives are: 1. Red pepper powder Add 1% to 2% red pepper powder to layer chicken feed. The egg production can be increased by 8%, and it can improve the feed intake and cold resistance of chickens. 2. Carrots in the layer chicken feed by adding 10% -20% of carrots can increase egg production rate of 3% -5%, and can extend the egg production period and improve the disease resistance of laying hens. 3. Garlic seedlings (brown garlic) Adding about 4% chopped garlic seedlings to the layer chicken feed can increase the egg production rate by more than 10%, and can increase appetite and improve the disease resistance of chickens. 4. Zeolite powder added 1% to 3% of zeolite powder in layer chicken feed can increase egg production rate by 14% to 19% and reduce feed consumption by more than 20%. 5. The galangal additive mixes the egg additive evenly into the feed at a ratio of 0.25%, allowing the chicken to feed freely, which can increase the egg production rate by 10%, increase the immunity, and can also resist stress. 6. Feather powder Add 3% to 5% of the feather powder in the layer chicken feed, and the egg production rate can be increased by about 20%. 7. Honey Each chicken feeds 1 gram of honey every day, dilutes it with water, and mixes feed twice in the morning and evening. The egg production rate can be increased by 10% to 15%. 8. Yeast added 2% to 4% dry yeast in the layer chicken feed can increase the egg production rate by 25% to 30% and reduce the incidence rate. Sixth, artificial complement to lighting layer during the peak egg production requires 16 hours of light each day. In the winter season, when the night is short, the natural illumination time and intensity are insufficient, and artificial illumination should be added. When supplementing light, the light intensity is preferably 3 watts per square meter (shelf) surface. The light bulb with the lampshade inside the lampshade is suspended at a height of about 2 meters from the ground, between the lamp and the lamp. About 3 meters away, if there are multiple rows of light bulbs, they must be staggered so that the light can be evenly distributed throughout the house. Turn on the lights one at a time in the morning and evening. Turn on the lights at 4 o'clock in the morning and turn them off at dawn. Turn the lights on and turn off the lights at 21 o'clock when it is dark. In the event of cloudy weather, the lights must be turned on during the day. Pay attention to artificial light supplements should be regular, to turn on the lights on time, turn off the lights on time, and persevere, must not be too early or late, long and short, intermittent, so as not to cause chicken eggs to reduce or moult. Before turning on the lights, feed and water should be prepared so that chickens can eat and drink water after turning on the lights. After installing the lamp, wipe the bulb at least once a week. Conditional chicken farmers can use light-controlled equipment in the poultry house to control the house light. Seven, keep the house dry. Fresh air In winter, due to the tightly closed chicken house, high stocking density, large amount of chicken respiration, a lot of splotches, and damp air, the content of harmful gases such as nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, and carbon dioxide increases, which can easily cause respiratory disease in chickens and cause egg production. decline. Therefore, it must pay attention to ventilation and reduce harmful gas concentrations in winter. Keep the house dry and fresh air. Take the following measures: 1. Cage chickens should be cleaned of feces. 2. Check the water cooler and sink for leaks. The water tank should not be overfilled when water is fed, and the maintenance of the water supply equipment can be strengthened to help reduce the humidity and exhaust gas volume. 3. Flat padding with thick padding to facilitate insulation. The litter is well mixed with grass ash and coal residue, and has the functions of moisture absorption and odor removal. Always add, dry up the litter and keep the litter dry. 4. The cold weather is warm and open at noon, ventilation, ventilation window or plastic film ventilation, sunny days generally from 10 am to 2 pm ventilation, continuous window several times, each 10 to 30 minutes, even in the shade Heaven and snow should also be ventilated. Never close doors and windows for a long period of time in order to maintain the temperature. If necessary, ventilating fans can be used for ventilation. 5. The house is longitudinally ventilated. 6. Place lime in the house to absorb moisture. Sprinkle 400g of superphosphate per square meter per week to eliminate ammonia in the house. 7. Use equal parts of Artemisia leaves, Daqingye, Atractylodes, and garlic stalks in appropriate amounts, add fumigation in the house, eliminate odor, and purify the air. Fumigation once every 10 days. VIII. Doing a good job of disinfection and epidemic prevention Winter laying hens are prone to cholera, Newcastle disease and other diseases. It is especially important to do disinfection work well. It is necessary to regularly do a good job of disinfection inside and outside the house, sinks, troughs, utensils, etc. Disinfectants should use broad-spectrum, high-efficiency, non-toxic drugs with no side effects and high adhesiveness, such as bactericide and glutaraldehyde. To select three or more different types of disinfectant to be used for cross rotation to prevent drug resistance. The amount of disinfectant to be sprayed is 150 g/m2, preferably with a chicken spray. The sterilization is usually performed at noon and afternoon when the temperature is high, and is normally disinfected once a week. If the chicken has an infectious disease, the temperature in the house is low or there is more dust. It can be disinfected 2 or 3 times a week, and the drug concentration should also be reduced by 30% to 50%. Regular immunization can use the following methods: Use Newcastle disease I line seedlings, transmission line seedlings or chicken Newcastle disease, chicken bursal sac, chicken pass triple efficient yolk body antibody injection intramuscular injection, each intramuscular 0.5 to 1.5 ml, can also be used for cloning 30 - renal transmission branch - bronchus Yan Sanlian Miao drinking water immunity, 2. The chickens were immunized once every two months with Newcastle disease IV line seedlings. 3. Add a certain amount of tylosin or enrofloxacin to the feed to prevent chicken mycoplasmosis. 4. Each week or so in the feed into the broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs, such as oxytetracycline, and even fed 3 to 5 days, 1 tablet per chicken per day, enhance the resistance of the chicken body. 5. Add appropriate amounts of drugs such as levamisole and worms in the diet to prevent parasitic diseases. At the same time, we must also carefully observe the flock and timely discover, isolate, diagnose and treat the diseased chickens and properly handle dead chickens. Always pay attention to the occurrence of epidemics in the nearby areas in order to take appropriate measures. China Agricultural Network Editor
Usb Microscope,Digital Microscope Display Screen,Lcd Screen Digital Microscope,Digital Lcd Display Microscope
NINGBO VANCO INSTRUMENT CO.,LTD , https://www.vancoscope.com