1. The benefits of silage: (1) Silage is an economic and safe measure for preserving succulent feeds. It uses silage methods, has long storage time, and is not subject to seasonal restrictions. (2) The various nutrients of forage grass can be well preserved. The forage is stored by air-drying and drying method. The nutrient material is greatly depleted and the feeding value is low. 2. The principle of silage: Through the density storage of forage grass, anaerobic fermentation of lactic acid bacteria is used to produce lactic acid, so that the PH value in the storage pit is reduced to about 4. At this time, most of the microorganisms stop breeding, and lactic acid bacteria are also accumulated due to lactic acid. Finally, the lactic acid produced by itself is controlled to stop the growth, thereby achieving the purpose of silage. 3. The construction of silage pits: (1) Selection of pits: Selecting a dry terrain, viscous soil, and a low groundwater level, without sand, brick, or tile, far from the water source, and close to the breeding site as a pit site. (2) Conditions for the silo: The silo shall be sealed and airtight. The inner wall of the cellar shall be smooth and vertical, and the cellar wall shall not seep. (3) Construction of silo: The shape of the silo can be divided into round, grooved, and horseshoe shapes. In the north, underground rectangular or circular silos are often used. Generally, the cellar or cellar walls are first paved with masonry or stones. The surface is then coated with cement to create a permanent silo. The bottom is covered with a plastic film, lined and capped. (4) The volume of silo: Generally, the suitable packing density per cubic meter of silage is 700-800 kg, and the loss is about 10%. The size of the silage that should be built can be calculated accordingly. (5) Maintenance of Silage Cellar: About 1 week before the preparation of the raw material into the cellar, a strict inspection, refurbishment, and disinfection work must be performed on the cellar to check whether the cellar wall is firm and sealed, and to keep the bottom of the cellar smooth and the drainage pipeline open. Disinfectants are generally disinfected inside and outside the pit with cresol soap or lime water to reduce germs. 4. Modulation of silage (1) Quality requirements for silage materials: Harvest at the appropriate time, keep the plants fresh and clean, receive explosion-proof sun and stack pressure fever. Should pay attention to grasp the appropriate moisture content, moisture content of 70% -75% is appropriate, if the water content is too high, should be short-time drying before chopping, remove excess water. If the plant loses too much water due to exposure during the harvesting and transportation process, appropriate water should be added during the preparation to ensure that the water content is not lower than 70%. (2) Silage chopping and filling: silage has a high moisture content. After shredding, there will generally be oozing of sap, rich in nutrition, and in order to ensure the quality of silage and reduce nutrient loss, appropriate amount of hay may be placed in the bottom of the kiln. Dry corn stalks (the ratio is generally around 1:8). Silage the silage, which is conducive to compaction, the exudation of the juice, to create a good condition for the lactic acid fermentation. Silage must be compacted when it is loaded into the cellar, and the leaves and stalks of the plants must be mixed. (3) Sealing: First, cover a layer of plastic film on the silage, then cover a layer of plastic film, then cover 1-2 layers of straw sheets, straw mats, etc., and finally cover the soil. The top of the sealed cellar is head-shaped to prevent rainwater from flowing into the cellar.
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