In recent years, with the continuous expansion of grape planting areas, fruit cracking has occurred in different degrees, which has seriously affected the fruit quality and storage resistance. According to observation and analysis of the growth process of Fujiminori grape, fruit cracking mainly occurs in the fruit coloring at the late growth stage of berries. To maturity, and more concentrated in the top of the fruit and the fruit pedicle. One reason is that the first reason is the berry growth period, long drought or rain, or irrigation of water, rapid change in soil moisture, rapid swelling of the pulp cells and skin peeling slow, resulting in cracking; Second, partial nitrogen fertilizer, resulting in carbon and nitrogen imbalance, Unbalanced nutrient supply and demand of the tree, making the skin delicate and weak, lack of flexibility, leading to cracking; Third, the blind use of plant growth regulators, such as swelling agents, ripening agents, etc.; Fourth, pests and diseases, such as white rot, black pox, Red spider's harm causes cracking. Second, countermeasures 1. Covering the film. Since the rainy season in the south is frequent and the mulch film is covered, on the one hand it can prevent excessive water after rainfall and avoid water accumulation in the garden. On the other hand, dry weather can inhibit the evaporation of soil moisture and keep the soil moisture in a sufficient and stable state. In particular, the berry growth period should pay attention to drainage, watering during drought, to maintain the soil moisture content of about 60%. 2. Fruit bagging. When the fruit is shaped, the ear is bagged, and the insecticide is sprayed once before the bagging. On the one hand, it can prevent the pericarp from absorbing water and reduce the cracking rate. On the other hand, it can also reduce the invasion and damage of pests. Remove the bag 1 week before harvest to increase light and promote fruit coloring and maturation. 3. Strengthen cultivation management. Fertilization is mainly based on basal and organic fertilizers, applying appropriate amount of nitrogen fertilizer before flowering, applying 10-15 kg of urea per acre, combined with clearing and covering the soil to promote dendrite growth; after the results, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are applied in combination with appropriate supplements. Application of fertilizer, 20 days after germination and 7 days after flowering, each application of 45% ternary compound fertilizer 20 kilograms, when the fruit began to be colored, per kilogram of potassium chloride 30 kilograms, superphosphate 15 kilograms. Strengthen the summer pruning, so that the ear distribution, reduce pathogen infection, timely tying vines, picking the heart, hit the shoots and appropriate sparse leaves and thinning fruit, improve ventilation and light transmission conditions. The results of the branches in the inflorescence above to leave 6--8 leaves topping, nutrient branches left 15--20 leaves topping heart, the top of the apical shoots to leave 2 - 3 leaves repeatedly topping the heart, the top of the apical posterior tip leaves a single leaf. The adult vine leaves 10 to 11 ears per fruit, each bunch being controlled within 30 grains. This will help the normal growth of the grapes and ensure that the grapes produced will have a bright color and a large quantity. 4. Rational use of drugs, comprehensive prevention and control of pests and diseases. Strictly control the use period, concentration and times of plant growth regulators. Grasp the spraying of pesticides during the critical period of the occurrence of pests and diseases, paying particular attention to the prevention of the growth period before the rain persists. Such as the control of white rot can be sprayed 25% triadimefon or 12.5% ​​diniconazole 3000 times, 75% chlorothalonil 600 times, 25% chlorophyll 2000 times; control of black pox can be sprayed 40% Fuxing 8000 times Or 1.5% bacteria off 1,000 times; control of red spiders can be sprayed 57% Ke Qi 1500 times, 20% broom net 3000 times, 2.5% Uranus 2000 times.
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