(1) Fire-fighting hatching method 1 Jian-hao: Choose the sunny, leeward, and well-insulated house as an incubator, built in the center of the house. Fire pots are generally made of bricks and adobe. They are 65 to 75 centimeters high and 180 to 200 centimeters wide. The length depends on the number of hatches and the condition of the house. The method of setting the flue gas in the stove is based on the principles of good burning, uniform temperature, and no smoking. If the above requirements can be met, the use of people's housing can also be used. 2 set up a bed: the bed is located in the upper part of the space, that is, about 1 meter away from the surface with a wooden pole scaffolding. The spreader bed can have 1 to 2 floors. If there are 2 floors, it is advisable to avoid the distance between the two. Spread the bed with stalks of straw, then lay straw or wheat straw, and lay a mat or quilt on it. Spread a plank around the bed to prevent the egg from falling. Spread the bed frame firmly to prevent it from shaking. In addition, preparations such as quilts, stoves, thermometers, flashlights, and egg skimmers are also required. 3 Incubation: Before the hatching, heat the stew to 40～41°C. The surface temperature should be uniform. The room temperature should reach 25～27°C. After the eggs are selected and sterilized, soak in warm water of 40°C for 5-6 minutes. Into the incubation. Egg laying method: head up or flat can be placed in two layers, to be neat, tight, covered with quilts can be hatched. In general, the first two days, the temperature is maintained at 39 °C, after maintaining 38 ~ 39 °C, until the booth. Insert a thermometer between the eggs to check the temperature regularly. If the egg temperature is too high or too low, you can use the increase or decrease of the quilt or open and close the doors and windows to adjust. Incubation 1 to 2 days should pay special attention to observe the temperature changes, turn the egg in time, generally every 2 to 3 hours turning the egg once, so that the egg surface heat evenly, the embryonic development is consistent; the next day, the temperature is stable, can be 4 to 6 hours Turn the egg once. Turn egg method: the upper egg is turned to the lower layer, the lower egg is turned to the upper layer, the central egg is turned to the edge, and the edge egg is turned to the center. Humidity adjustment: Put a water basin in the corner to keep the indoor humidity at about 65%. Incubate for 5 to 6 days and take a picture of the head; Incubate for 11 to 12 days, then transfer the eggs to the stalls to continue hatching. After this, the incubation temperature is mainly maintained by the heat produced by the embryo itself and the room temperature. Before sharing, the egg temperature should be raised to 39°C to prevent the temperature from dropping too much after the change, which will affect the hatching effect. The same management is carried out on the stalls and on the fire bowl, and the egg temperature is adjusted by increasing or decreasing the quilts, turning the eggs, and confining the eggs. Egg temperature should be maintained at 37.8 to 38°C. Under normal circumstances, hatched to 19 days, stop turning eggs, increase room temperature to 27 ~ 30 °C, humidity increased to 70% ~ 75%, 20 days began to hatch. In addition to insulation, but also pay attention to indoor ventilation. (2) Machine incubation method The required temperature, humidity, and turnover of eggs for machine incubation can be controlled automatically, which greatly increases labor productivity and is currently widely used. In the use of machine hatching, according to the process, should do the following work: 1 Preparation before hatching: hatching room, incubator to do a good job of inspection, disinfection and temperature test work. The hatchery requires good insulation and fresh air. The temperature of the incubator should be around 22°C, and the relative humidity should be around 55% to 60%. The ceiling should be slightly higher, preferably 3 meters above the ground and the window should be small. To ensure that there is enough fresh air in the room, the incubator should have dedicated vents or fans. The incubator should leave the heat source and avoid direct sunlight so as not to affect the temperature inside the incubator. The floor, walls, incubators and their Accessories in the hatchery should be thoroughly disinfected. The incubator must be carefully repaired before use to prevent malfunctions in the middle. Incubate for 2 to 3 days before incubation, and wait until temperature and humidity are stable before incubating. 2 egg: After everything is ready, you can officially hatch. Due to the low temperature during the preservation period of the eggs, eggs are quickly transferred to the hatchery at about 12 hours before the eggs are put into the machine, and then they are placed on an egg tray and preheated for about 12 hours. The hatching method is very simple, as long as the egg tray filled with eggs is inserted into the egg rack in the hatchery. Pay attention to the balance of the egg rack to prevent rollover. The hatching time is best arranged after 4:00 pm, so that a large number of hatching is catching up with the daytime and the work is convenient. General incubators hatch every 5 to 7 days; each hatcher has multiple batches of hatchery eggs, and each set of egg trays is interleaved at the position of the egg racks so that “new eggs†and “old eggs are "The temperature can be adjusted mutually. 3 temperature adjustment: After the temperature is fixed and fixed, generally do not move. At the time of hatching, due to opening the door and dropping eggs, part of the caloric eggs and egg trays that are lost will absorb some heat, which will cause the temperature in the incubator to drop sharply. This is a normal phenomenon. After a while, it will gradually return to normal. Under normal circumstances, when the temperature in the incubator is 1°C higher or 0.5°C lower, the cause must be checked and adjusted. 4 Humidity adjustment: regularly observe the wet and dry bulb thermometer hung in the glass window of the door. The humidity is low to increase the water tray, increase the water temperature, speed up the evaporation speed, or sprinkle water on the floor of the hatchery. If necessary, spray directly to increase the humidity. Water is usually added once a day, and warm water is added when the outside temperature is low. 5 turn the egg: When hatching, transfer eggs (turning eggs) once every 2 hours. If you manually turn the egg, you must light, steady, and slow, and remember to transfer the egg. 6 according to the egg: generally in the hatching period of 5 to 6 days and 18 to 19 days of incubation, two eggs, but also in the 11 to 12 days of incubation and then check the eggs, in order to promptly detect the absence of eggs and Dead eggs (dead embryos) and observed embryonic development. 7 Transfer plate (placement plate): After hatching for the last time in 18-19 days, transfer the embryonated eggs in the hatchery tray to the hatching plate, stop turning the eggs, increase the water tray, increase the humidity, and prepare for hatching. 8 picking young: eggs hatched to 20.5 days, began a large number of clam shell hatching. Seeing that more than 30% of the shells were hatched, the chicks began to pick out the basic feathers of the feathers. At the same time, empty shells were picked out and hatched once every 4 hours. When picking a young child, do not open the front and rear doors at the same time so as to avoid dropping the temperature and humidity in the hatching box and affecting hatching. If there are difficult fetuses with hatching, if the allantoic blood vessels have withered and the color of the allantois is yellow, then artificial midwifery can be performed, otherwise it will die due to bleeding. 9 Cleaning and Disinfection: After hatching, hatchers, incubators, incubators, etc. must be cleaned and disinfected. The hatching tray and the water tray are rinsed and put into the hatching box for fumigation. Measures during power outages: During hatching, some emergency measures must be taken to prevent power outages. The general hatchery must have two sets of heating equipment. One is to bring its own generator and it should generate power immediately after power failure. The second is to have a stove or fire wall in the incubator room. In case of power failure, immediately increase the room temperature and keep it at 30-37°C. Can not be lower than 25 °C, while the ground sprinkled with warm water to regulate humidity. The temperature in the incubator depends on the season, room temperature, and embryonic age.
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