Rod blight: A fungal disease. The disease is fierce and spreads rapidly. When the temperature and humidity are appropriate, the mast can be withered and fallen, resulting in small knots or no knots. When the disease incidence is 20%, the yield loss is about 50%, and the incidence rate is 50%. At the time, the output loss was more than 80%. The leaf sheath was first attacked at the base, and it initially appeared as a dark-green water-stained, irregular-shaped lesion. Afterwards, it expanded to the entire leaf sheath. The diseased part was gray and white with a short blackish dot. The stems were infected, with water-stained shapes at the beginning, spindle-shaped or elliptical to irregular dark-green spots, and the diseased stems became soft and hollow, with small black spots on them. The disease began in the middle and early September and entered the peak of disease in October. If the planting is too dense, the ventilation and light transmission is poor, or if the nitrogen fertilizer is used too much, there will be less phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and the incidence will be heavier. Fusarium Wilt: A devastating disease, the affected plants generally do not have scabs. From late September to October, the onset of the disease. The first part of the diseased stem base becomes brown, weak, dwarf, and yellowish. It appears to be lacking in fertilizer. Afterwards, a few tillers begin to wither, and finally the whole plant withers; the roots and stems become infected and become dark brown and soft rot, and plants die or fall down. Partially visible pink viscous material; bulb infected with black meat brown rot. Stalk rot: stems appear yellow to brown yellow. The stems are shorter and finer. The majority of the stems are in the lower part of the stem. The diseased department was dark gray at the beginning and became dark irregular lesions afterwards. The disease and health boundaries were not obvious, and the tissues became soft and easy to fold. The disease is usually onset in mid-September when it develops vigorously, and after 10 months the condition is slow or stagnant. Shallow soil, lack of fertilizer, irrigation too deep and easy to disease. Disease prevention measures: 1. Strengthen field management. Control nitrogen fertilizer, increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and increase plant disease resistance. Pay attention to irrigation and drainage methods to achieve separate drainage and irrigation, prevent string irrigation and flood irrigation to prevent bacteria from spreading with water flow. 2, pharmaceutical treatment of bulbs and seedlings. Use 25% carbendazim WP 250 times or 50% thiophanate-methyl WP 800 times to soak the bulbs for 18-24 hours before seedling. Soak the seedlings for 18 hours before planting to control the disease. . 3, timely spraying protection. In a timely manner, a small amount of diseased plants was found to be sprayed, and 77% of mu could be used to kill 100g of water and 50kg of sprayed water, or 25% of carbendazim wettable powder 250 times, or 10% of WDI water-dispersible granules 1500. Double fluid, spraying began at the onset of disease, once every 10 days, even sprayed 2-3 times. White pheasant: Adult white, similar in size to S. sinica, and old and mature larvae yellowish-white in gray. The larvae feed on the stems, causing damage to the chlorosis and yellowing of the tip of the stem at the early stage, and the stems turn brown and rot. Finally the whole plant withers. The codling moth peaks generally from late September to early October. The larvae are infested during the mid-to-late October. Pest control measures: The amount of mu in the mussels reached more than 50 heads. During the peak period of larval hatching, it was 15 days after the emergence of adult worms. The pesticide can be applied with 3% Milor granules 1-1.5 kg mixed with a small amount of mud powder, or 98% Bataan 100 g watered 100 kg sprayed 2-3 times, the shallow water layer should be maintained when spraying.
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