The cultivation of the first potted seedlings
The peony seedlings used for bonsai cutting are preferably grafted seedlings rooted with peony root. The seedlings are clustered due to their long roots. The size and shape of the plant type are the same, and the pot cutting not only affects the value of ornamental arts, but also has low seedling propagation coefficient and slow development speed. Far from adapting to the rapid development of flowers at home and abroad. However, due to the fact that it is suitable for grafting rootstocks with fewer medicinal roots, grafting technology has not been amplified and multi-effects are in control. Therefore, most of our country's potted peony is still used in sub-plantlets. Only a small amount of grafted seedlings are used; in order to adapt to the rapid development of China's peony flowers and plants, and to keep up with the trend of international pottery to expand export sales and create more foreign exchange, a large number of suitable grafted peony seedlings should be developed. First of all, it is necessary to cultivate the peony root that is basically the same size and size as the rootstock, and secondly, select the peony variety suitable for pelicans as the scion for grafting to propagate the seedlings. The specific method is: After the middle of August each year, the ripe (pepper is crab yellow) peony fruit is harvested. Put in the cool place. When the peel is cracked, the seeds will be peeled off, which will not make it dry, and it should not be exposed to sunlight, so that the seed coat will not be able to germinate and sprout. Before sowing seedlings, first select the loose and fertile plots, apply enough base fertilizer, and plow deep into the seedlings for leveling and sowing. When growing seedlings, dry soil should be removed first, and wet soil should be used to make a 5-7 cm high, 70 cm wide surface, and about 35 cm apart. Within 6 cm from the side of the planter, a row spacing of 310 cm can be planted, and can also be sowed within 3 minutes of planting distance. After sowing, it is 3cm thick. In order to protect the drought, winter insulation, a layer of plastic film can be covered on the surface. For example, immediately after sowing, water should be poured from the gutters to keep the soil moist and take root in 20 days. If the planting is late or the soil moisture is not enough, it will not take root until years ago, and it will not emerge after a year. Pour frozen water before wintering. In the second year of spring (before and after rain), the mulching film will be removed and the loose soil will be loosened to facilitate the unearthing of seedlings. Before and after the 'seizure', the seedlings have been unearthed, and weeding should be done frequently. Watering inside. Before wheat harvest, you must chase a quick-effect cake fertilizer or enter the dung, and apply 100 kg of sesame residue per acre. Withdraw into the ditch between the ditch and immediately water after loosening the soil. From July to September, chase a quick-effect cake fertilizer again. Ibid. During the entire nursery period, if the drought should be watered in time to maintain the soil moisture and promote the rapid growth of seedlings.The rainy season should promptly rule out the accumulation of water in the ground, do not make the water stains cause disease;The well-managed seedlings end of September the same year 10 At the beginning of the month, the roots can be up to 20 cm long and as thick as 0.6-1 cm, then they can be transplanted.The straight roots are cut to a length of 12 cm and transplanted onto a pre-made sorghum.The spacing is 15 cm and the spacing is 57 cm. The annual seedlings may be transplanted for two years if the base fertilizer is insufficient or poorly managed, and the transplanted land may be planted before the planting, and the field management such as top dressing and watering shall be strengthened after the planting to promote growth. In the third year after the cut, when the peony was very long, it was 2 centimeters thick, at the beginning of September. Rootstock can be grafted.
Before grafting, the peony varieties suitable for pelvic cutting were selected first. Potted peony; suitable selection of peony varieties with short plants, strong adaptability, multiple short roots, strong growth, and easy flowering for scion grafting; generally speaking, most varieties are suitable for cutting, but the main application is mainly large Hu Hong, Xiao Huhong, Da Hong Shee Rong, Zi Er Qiao (Luo Yang Hong), Er Qiao, Zhao Fen, Lan Tian Yu, Bai Yu (White Snow Tower), special sand barriers, the cage cage purple, Zhuang Yuan Hong; Qing Long lying ink pool, Ice ice cover red stone, silver powder golden lin, pear snow and other semi-double flap or heavy debate flower varieties.
Grafted seedlings should be planted in fertile plots. Line spacing 2O cm, spacing 12-15 cm, 23,000-25,000 seedlings per mu. The survival of the seedlings is generally 3 to 5 buds after 2-3 years of cultivation, and the potted plants can be sold on the market at this time. The size and shape of seedlings cultivated in this way are basically the same.
Section 2 Pots and Management
I. Preparation before potting
Peony pots before the main cut to do a good job in the preparation of soil cultivation and preparation of flower pots. Peony is a deep-rooted, fragrant and precious plant, with a few roots as potted plants, and the volume of the pot is, which results in a relative reduction in the nutritional area of ​​the root. It is easy to make nutrients imbalance between the underground and aboveground parts, thus affecting the normal growth and development of potted peony. Therefore, in order to make the pots alive and able to create fresh flowers, not only the cultivation and management techniques are more stringent, but also the scientific preparation of culture soil. The cultivation soil should be prepared one month before the potting. Do not use until it is mature. According to the growth characteristics of peony. Culture soil should be loose, fertile, high in humus content, long lasting fertilizer effect, and easy to drain. The ideal culture soil formula is to mix humus soil, horse dung, garden soil, coarse sand or slag in a ratio of 2:1:2:1. And use human excrement rot mated cooked after a boat back. When the first planter can use smaller pots, diameter 30 cm, deep 25 cm pots can be; when flowering can be replaced by a diameter of 35 cm; deep 30 cm large pots.
Second, potting time and methods
The suitable time for peony plants is consistent with that of Daejeon. Heze and Luoyang are generally suitable from late September to early October. Early planting is easy to “fallâ€; late root growth is slow and plant growth is not prosperous. Even after the flowering, it will easily die. Before the peony plants are planted, the seedlings are dug and dried for 1-2 days to make the roots lose water and become soft and easy to trim and plant. Before planting, the plant pots are used to suck enough water in the pool; when planting, the pelvic floor drainage holes Pad a piece of tile to prevent leakage of soil; then lay 2-3 cm thick pebbles or waste palm cords, etc. for easy drainage. Before the planting, the peony seedlings should be trimmed and pruned, so that the underground part of the ground is balanced; the appearance is beautiful and generous; and it is easy to cultivate and manage. First, cut off the dead branches and overly long roots, disinfect the roots with 1% copper sulphate solution for 5-10 minutes, and then put the seedlings in the center of the basin for filling and planting. It is no longer filled with soil from 3-5 cm above the basin.
After potting, the bowl surface can be accompanied by Taihushi, Yingshi, Zhushi, and Peony plants as partners, which not only increases the beauty of the potted peony, makes the bowl surface green, but also plays a role in moisturizing and insulating.
Three, watering
Because of their small capacity, small pots, and limited water holding capacity, pots must be watered in time to maintain the normal water demand of the Shedan. After cutting, the pots should be drenched once, and then the soil will be wetted every 3-4 days. Watering once to keep the potted soil moist is appropriate. If watering. The soil is too wet. Easy to make branches and leaves prolonged, long time too wet or stagnant water will also rot. Especially in summer and autumn, the humidity of the basin soil should be controlled. Do not do it, do not pour. When dry in the summer, water should be boiled in the morning or at night, as long as it is not too dry in the autumn, it is not necessary to water. Wet buds prosperous and do not bloom in spring.
Fourth, fertilization
The nutrients in the pots are limited, and only the timely topdressing can ensure the normal growth and development of peony. Top dressing can be started from the spring of the following year. It is fermented with sesame, peanut and bean cake. When the application is to be mixed with water, the growth period of weekly fertilization water 1-2 times; flowering before flowering and flowering time can be once a day; flower Xie should cultivate flowers and apply light fertilizer or foliar spray fertilizer, winter dormancy period can not top-dressing.
V. Summer and Drainage
Peony bogey heavy rain and hot summer heat, encountered a long period of hot and humid weather. The leaves will be orange coke and rot. During the summer heat, the peony can be moved to shade under the seedlings. It can also be buried in the soil to prevent the heat and cool, and keep the drainage well ventilated. When there is no rain, shoots and leaves are sprayed every day to increase the humidity of the air, and the water supply of the peony flower buds during the differentiation period is guaranteed. During the rainy season, drainage should be paid attention to, and the flower pots should be washed down during rainy days to prevent water accumulation in the pots. After flowering, spray 150 times of Bordeaux mixture or 800-1000 times thiophanate liquid to prevent and cure diseases every 10-15 days. The peony root is sweet and easily damaged by ants or its maggots. It can be used to replace water with 1,000 times the dichlorvos solution.
Six, pruning and wintering
In order to improve the ventilation and light conditions of peony, the nutrient concentration is concentrated, and in autumn and winter, after the leaves are fallen, plastic shearing is also required. Cut out dense branches, such as branches, crosses, introverts, pests and diseases, etc., so that the plants maintain a beautiful shape. Late autumn and early winter. Pots can be buried in the soil, the branches exposed on the ground outside the soil, with grass or bauxite on top to protect the winter. Some also put flower pots directly into the cellar for wintering, and the second year to open the spring to remove the cover, like out of the kiln, place the sunny place, strengthen the management of fertilizer and water; make it naturally bloom. Some of them are placed in greenhouses or plastic greenhouses to promote early flowering according to festival needs. In order to make the potted peony more beautiful and simple and elegant in the decorative shape, you can put the pottery and porcelain basin outside the original tile pot when the flower will be open, and put it in the bright and spacious hall or the refined potted basket or case. On top of that, it can better reflect the peony's straightforwardness and luxury.
In addition, the relevant information was introduced. Before Peony blossoms, spraying peony with 1% concentration silver thiosulphate solution can reduce budding by 55% and flowering time can also be extended by 1/5 of the number of days.
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