Flowering and fruiting period management is one of the important links in early stage cultivation of greenhouse vines. The quality of management directly affects the yield and fruit quality of shed grapes. The following two aspects must be addressed in management:
Fruit setting rate
Pinching the results of strong growth potential shoots, in the top 7 to 10 days before flowering inflorescence tip, while leaving 5 to 6 large-leaved topping, can significantly improve the fruit setting rate (such as Kyo, etc.). Flowering and flowering after fruiting can significantly reduce the fruit setting rate (eg, red earth, etc.).
Sprayed with amino acid boron and amino acid zinc for 10 days before spraying on the leaves and inflorescence spraying facilities, the special chelating amino acid boron and chelating amino acid zinc foliar fertilizer are sprayed once every 7 days, and sprayed twice. .
Scabs usually have 4-6 leaflets for sparse spikes. The principle of the sparse spike is that if the spike weight exceeds 500 grams, 1 new shoot of the golden mean shoot corresponds to 1 ear, 1 new shoot of the strong new shoot corresponds to 2 ears or 2 new shoots correspond to 3 ears, and the weak shoot does not leave a flower spike Each new shoot is about 15 to 20 leaves; for example, if the ear weight is less than 500 grams, then the tip of the Zhongyong shoot corresponds to 2 ears or 2 new shoots correspond to 3 ears, and 1 new shoot of strong prosperous shoot corresponds to 2~ 3 spikes. Under normal circumstances, the golden shoots leave the first spike, and the strong shoots leave the first and second spikes or only the second spike.
In order to obtain a uniform, beautiful and uniform grain size grape, the whole panicle should be processed in full time after the sparse end.
1 seed with a strong variety of spike plastic. Generally about 7 days before flowering, the spikes should be removed in time, and the spikes, spikes and spikes should be promptly removed, leaving 9 to 10 cm in the middle of the ear.
(2) Nucleus-free varieties of ear spike plastic surgery. For the non-nuclear treatment of large-grained varieties such as the giant peak, first remove the spikelets of spikelets and spikes as early as 1 week before flowering, and then 3 to 3.5 centimeters from the top of spikes 3 days before flowering to flowering. The remaining spikelets were completely removed. In the middle and upper part of the spike, two spikelets could be left as identification markers. When the seedless processing and expansion treatment were performed, one spikelet was removed at a time to avoid omission or repeated treatment.
For the non-nuclear treatment of small grain varieties, flower spikes were reshaped 2 to 3 weeks before flowering. Firstly, a small number of small flowers at the tip of the spikelet were cut off, and 12 to 14 flower spikes were reserved from the tips of the spikes to the base, leaving two small flowers at the top. Spike was used as a marker for non-nuclear treatment and fruit enlargement, and all other spikelets were removed.
3 Flowering spikes of seedless varieties. For non-nucleated black and white seedless varieties, 2 to 3 spikelets at the base of panicles and spikelets were removed as early as possible 1 week before flowering. The top of oversized panicles at the base had to be cut off, and the dense spikelets should be partially removed; The tip of the panicle is not pointed or tipped, and 12 to 14 panicle spikes are reserved from the panicle tip to the base.
The regulation of fruit quality
Spalling and Granule Handling Standards: The fruit can rotate freely, and the single ear mass is between 400 and 600 grams (except for the Red Earth).
Disappearance of malformed fruit, small fruit, disease and fruit, and densely packed fruit in the ear is generally performed one or two times in 2 to 4 weeks after anthesis. The first time was carried out at the size of the fruit green beans, and the second time at the peanut size. Sparse grains should be based on the different species and determine the appropriate standard. The average natural grain quality is less than 6 grams, and 60-80 grains per panicle are suitable; natural grain quality is 6-7 grams, 50-70 grains per panicle; natural average grain weight is 8-10 grams The varieties, leaving 40 to 60 per panicle; natural average grain weight greater than 11 grams of the variety, 35 to 40 per panicle retention; red earth special, 80 to 100 per panicle to retain.
When repairing ear and granules, some species such as red earth will affect the growth of the fruit and the cobs and branching stalks. Therefore, when removing the inflorescence branches, do not get too close to the inflorescence major axis. Do not get too close to the branch axis of the inflorescence, pay attention to keep a small "pile."
Bagging can significantly improve the appearance of the fruit. After the granules are finished, the bags can be bagged. The selection of the paper bags depends on the variety. The general coloring products are selected from white paper bags, and the green and yellow varieties are selected from yellow paper bags. For varieties that are easy to burn (burning), it is best to use an umbrella to reduce sunburn (burning).
Picking leaves and sparsely picking leaves and thinning can significantly improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the rack, which is beneficial to the coloration of berries. However, it is not appropriate to pick the leaves prematurely, and it is advisable to take 10 days before harvest. If the technique of using the auxiliary tip leaves is adopted, the removal time of the old leaves can be advanced to when the fruits begin to ripen.
When loosing, the average amount of new shoots per mu is between 3,000 and 5,000. This will not only ensure sufficient amount of new shoots, but also ensure ventilation and light transmission. Fringing is generally carried out when 5 to 7 leaves of the new shoot are planted.
Before circumcising or ringing the berry coloring, the circumcision or girdling at the base of the resulting mother branch or the resulting branch can promote berry coloration, mature 3 to 5 days in advance, and at the same time significantly improve fruit quality.
Hanging reflective film after the ground temperature reached the appropriate temperature after hanging reflective film, can significantly improve the quality of fruit, promote fruit ripening.
Make full use of the secondary shoots to pay attention to the use of secondary shoots, because the late growth of the grapes depends mainly on the shoots of the shoots for photosynthesis, which is more evident in the establishment of viticulture.
Twisting shoots in young fruit development period can significantly inhibit shoot length, promote fruit ripening, improve fruit quality and promote flower bud differentiation.
Amino acid series foliar fertilizers were sprayed once every 10 days during young fruit development to fruit ripening period, and calcium aminophyll fertilizer was sprayed once every 10 days during berry coloring period.
Reasonable load In accordance with the requirements of both quality and output, the average yield per mu is controlled at about 2000 kg.
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