The origin of the zucchini is India, which has been planted in the south and north after being introduced into the country. Zucchini prefers moist soil and is not tolerant to drought, especially in the moist soil during the melon period, which can make the zucchini high-yield.
Zucchini can be cultivated on sand, loam, clay, but it is prone to virus disease in hot and dry weather, and it is easy to cause powdery mildew in high temperature and high humidity. The pollution-free planting techniques of zucchini are now shared as follows.
First, nursery
1. Seed pre-treatment: Wash the seeds with warm water before sowing, immerse them in warm water at 55 °C, keep the water temperature for 15 min, and continue to soak for 4-8 h when the water temperature drops to room temperature. Then drain the water, wrap the seeds with wet gauze, germination at 25-30 °C, turn the seeds once a day, and bud on 1-2d.
2. Seeding: After sifting the fermented organic fertilizer and the garden soil that has not been planted for three years, it is made into nutrient soil according to the ratio of 1:2, and then added lkg of diammonium phosphate per cubic meter of soil. Nutritional, watering. The germinated seed buds are placed in the nutrient bowl, one for each grain, covered with a thick soil of lcm thickness, and covered with a layer of film to moisturize.
3. Seedling management: Before planting, try to increase the temperature before emergence. The daily temperature is 25-30 °C, the night temperature is not lower than 18 °C, and the seedlings can be released in 3-4 days. After the seedlings are unearthed, the cover is removed and the temperature is appropriately lowered. The daily temperature is maintained at 20-25 ° C and the night temperature is 13-15 ° C to prevent the seedlings from growing. When the first true leaf is unfolded, the daily temperature is raised to 23-28 ° C, and the night temperature is 15-18 ° C to promote seedling growth and development. The ventilation is gradually increased one week before planting, and the low temperature refining is carried out. The daily temperature is controlled at 15-20 ° C and the night temperature is 8-13 ° C, so that the seedlings can adapt to the environment after planting. No need to apply fertilizer during the seedling period, try to control the watering. When the seedling age reaches 30-35d, the seedlings can be colonized when they are three-leaf.
4. Grafting for roots: In order to improve the plant's resistance to stress and increase yield, the cultivation of zucchini in protected areas can also be carried out by grafting seedlings, with black seed pumpkin as grafting rootstock. The grafting method can be grafted with cucumber.
Second, site preparation
Choose a greenhouse that has not been planted in three years, and sterilize it at a high temperature before planting. At the same time, it is fumigated with chlorothalonil in the shed. In combination with land preparation, 5000kg of high-quality farmyard manure is applied to every 667m2 of land, 50kg of superphosphate is used, and fine sputum is flattened. It can be erected according to a large line of 80cm, a small line of 50cm, and a ridge height of 10-15cm. In the winter greenhouse, the winter sorghum has entered the early winter when the squash has been planted, and the temperature changes abnormally. Therefore, it is necessary to choose a sunny morning in the planting, ditching on the ridge, planting the seedlings at a plant spacing of 45 cm, and cultivating a small amount of soil. Diammonium phosphate was applied between the plants, and the dosage was 25 kg per 667 m2. After mixing with the soil, water was planted. The water should be poured into the water, and the ridges should be immersed after the water seeps, and the ridges should be scraped and smoothed with a small wooden board, and the mulch film can be covered again. Planted about 2,000 plants per 667m2.
Third, management after planting
1. Temperature management: After planting, due to sufficient planting water during the slow seedling period, in order to increase the temperature, it is generally not ventilated. When the temperature exceeds 30% at noon on sunny days, a small amount of ventilation can be implemented. When the heart leaves begin to grow, it indicates that the slow seedling period has ended. In the subsequent temperature management, the daytime control is about 20%, the maximum is no more than 25 °C; the night temperature is 13-15% in the middle of the night, and the late midnight is 10- 11 ° C, the lowest is 8 ° C, in order to promote root development, control the upper part of the length. After entering the melon period, in order to promote fruit growth, the daytime temperature should be raised to 25-28 ° C, and the night temperature is 15-18%. During low temperature and low light in winter, the daytime should be kept at 23-25 ​​and 10-12% at night to improve the net photosynthetic rate under low light. After the harsh winter, the light intensity increases, and the room temperature can be restored to the normal management state, that is, the room temperature is maintained at 25-28% during the day and the night temperature is 15-18 °C. When the lowest temperature of the outside world is stable above 12 °C, it should be ventilated day and night to increase the temperature difference between day and night, reduce respiratory consumption and increase nutrient accumulation.
2. Lighting management: The requirements for illumination of zucchini are stricter than those of cucumber. After the winter and spring squash, it is in the weakest season, the photosynthesis intensity is low, affecting the accumulation of matter. Therefore, the light regulation is very important. When planting, it should be reasonably densely planted, the density is too large, and the plants are shaded with each other; the cultivation method is adopted to spread the plants to the space, and the direction of the petiole of the plants is adjusted, so that each leaf of each plant can fully accept Sunlight; after the zucchini is planted, a reflective curtain is placed on the back wall of the greenhouse to increase the light. After uncovering the haystack every day, wipe the film with a clean mop. Under the premise of ensuring humidity, try to expose the cover as early as possible to extend the lighting time. On a cloudy day, as long as the indoor temperature does not drop to 5 °C, it should be revealed.
3. Fertilizer and water management: In the early stage of planting of zucchini, the amount of water required is not much. In the water management, the planting water should be poured when planting, and the watering period is generally not watered. However, if the planting period is earlier and the external environmental conditions are better, the seedling water can be poured once, that is, when the heart leaves begin to grow (usually 5-7d after planting). After pouring the planted water or slowing the seedling water, it will not be watered until the root melon is sitting. At this time, it is mainly to promote root control, so that the root system is deep in the soil to resist adverse environmental conditions. When the root melon is 6-lOcm long and begins to expand, water is poured once, and 15 kg of ammonium sulfate is applied with water. Watering time should be chosen in the morning on a sunny day. The amount of watering is generally about 1/2 of the height of the ridge. At this time, the vegetative body of the plant is small, the external temperature is low, and the ventilation of the greenhouse is small, so it is not suitable to pass the water after the initial melon period. Each 10-15d is poured once, and each time the water is poured, the under-film dark irrigation is performed. After entering the fruiting period, the transpiration of the leaves increased, and the growth rate of the plants and melons was faster. At this time, as the external temperature increased, the ventilation increased, and the management of fertilizer and water should be strengthened, and the water should be poured once every 5. 7 days. Water, watering amount is 2/3 of ridge height, 1 time fertilizer is used to chase 1 time, organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer are used alternately, 20-25kg ammonium sulfate, 5, lOkg potassium sulfate or 50kg of decomposed cake fertilizer are applied every 667m2. Watering 2-3d before each harvest, no watering within 3-4d after harvesting, is conducive to control the melon.
4. Plant adjustment: The zucchini internodes are extremely short. With the increase of the number of leaves, the plants can not stand upright and grow on the ground. This wastes space and affects ventilation and light transmission. Therefore, the vines are started when the plants grow to 8-9 leaves. The method comprises the steps of: fixing the upper end of the nylon rope on the arch frame, inserting the small wooden stick into the soil at the lower end, winding the plant of the zucchini on the rope, and erecting it to receive sunlight. When tying the vines, be careful not to wrap the string around the small melon, and at the same time, adjust the petiole of the plant with the vines to make it expand laterally. Tied vines should be carried out frequently. When stalking individual tall plants, they can be bent to reach the growth point at the same height. Remove the side branches, tendrils and old leaves in time to concentrate the nutrients on the growing melons. After the new vines are stretched, the leaves on the old vines are removed to promote the growth of new vines. After pruning and thinning, the agricultural streptomycin should be sprayed on the wound to prevent the wound from getting sick.
5. Preservation and fruit preservation: Zucchini has no single fruiting ability. The cultivation temperature of winter greenhouse is low in the greenhouse, the male flowers are less, the pollen is less, and the insect pollination is lacking. If no artificial pollination or hormone treatment is used, a large amount of melon will be affected. Yield. Artificial pollination is carried out at 8-10 am. At this time, the temperature and humidity are suitable, the pollen is mature, and the fertilization and fertilization effect is good. Pick up the open male flowers, gather together, remove the petals, and gently spread the stamen pollen on the open female flower stigma. A male flower can give 3-4 female flowers. Sometimes male flowers are rare, artificial pollination can not meet the needs, hormone treatment can be used to improve the fruit setting rate. Usually use 20-30mg/kg of 2,4-D 蘸 flower or smear the base of the style. To prevent repeated treatment, add some dye as a marker to the growth regulator, such as adding O.1% 50% Wettable powder can also prevent gray mold while maintaining fruit.
Fourth, harvest
The zucchini is made of tender melon as a product. It should be harvested early. After the female flower is opened for 10-15 days, the fruit weight can be harvested when the fruit weight reaches 250-300g. The zucchini will continue to be melon on one main vine, and the lower melon will not be harvested, which will affect the upper part. The growth of young melons, and even melons, only increase the frequency of harvesting, and harvest more tender melons, which is the way to obtain high quality and high yield. Harvesting is best carried out in the morning, when the temperature is low, the air humidity is high, the water content in the fruit is high, and it is easy to keep fresh. After harvesting, they are packed in soft paper one by one, and short-term storage of 1-2d does not affect the quality.
Zucchini is rich in nutrients, rich in protein, vitamins and minerals. It is especially suitable for patients with diabetes, liver disease and kidney disease. It has high medical value and edible value!
Medical Equipment Disposal,Syringes Needles Sizes,Disposable Syringe,Insulin Syringe
FOSHAN PHARMA CO., LTD. , https://www.fospharma.com