In the past two years, China's sweet potato industry has developed rapidly, especially fresh sweet potatoes, with high planting efficiency and increasing planting area. So, what kind of variety to choose? How to plant more productive and efficient? On November 10th to 11th, at the “Qiu County Honey Sweet Potato Cup†potato king contest and the sweet potato industry high-quality development forum held in Qiu County, the champion of the contest (potato king) and the agricultural experts gave us the answer. .
The competition and forum were co-sponsored by the Institute of Grain and Oil Crops of Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, the potato industry technology system of Hebei Province, the strategic alliance of technical innovation of Hebei sweet potato industry, and the county government of Qiu County. More than 200 large-scale sweet potato planters, sweet potato planting village branch secretary, enterprise representatives, and related experts attended the meeting. The aim is to use the potato king contest as a platform and the high-quality development forum of sweet potato industry as a bridge to promote the exchange of production, study and research, and enhance the pattern of sweet potato industry.
The potato king contest is divided into weight group and quality group. The participating varieties include most of the varieties currently grown, such as potato, tobacco, dragon, potato, potato, potato, Beijing 553, and some imported varieties. The review team consists of representatives of experts, consumers, growers and processing companies to bring together the opinions of all parties to make the results more objective and fair.
The weight group is divided into two parts according to weight and appearance, with 70% weight and 30% appearance. Each plant has more than 3 kg of potato, and each additional 100 g plus 2 points, less than 3 kg, each deduction of 100 g deduction 2 points. Out of 100 points.
The quality group is divided into two categories according to taste and appearance. The taste is 70%, the appearance is 30%, and the taste is sweetened with sweet potato (this contest is the third, the first two flavors are steamed), the viscosity, sweetness, The scent and the amount of fiber are scored separately. The better the viscosity, the sweetness and the scent, the higher the score, and the more the fiber, the lower the score. Out of 100 points.
After intense and fierce competition, the sweet potato planted by Zhao Jinna of Xiongxian County won the weight group championship with a weight of 25.7 kg per plant and a uniform and smooth appearance. The sweet potato planted by Ma Jianbo in Qiu County has been praised by the judges for its taste and appearance after baking, and won the quality group championship. The competition variety of the Institute of Grain and Oil of Hebei Academy of Agricultural Sciences was 冀170024. After cooking, it was sweet and soft, and after baking, the taste was excellent and won the third place in the quality group.
Zhao Jinna has won the weight group championship for two consecutive years. How was her "potato" grown?
Zhao Jinna said that the variety of this competition is Jishu 26, which is cultivated and cultivated by the grain and oil company of Hebei Academy of Agricultural Sciences. Before planting, the soil is rotated and softened, and then the ridge is mechanically plucked and the base fertilizer is applied. Quality, she did not use fertilizer, all applied biological fertilizer. It should be noted that water should be watered in time during the drought in June and July, and nutrient solution can be added to the water.
Professor Liu Qing of Qingdao Agricultural University pointed out that the regulation of water science is extremely important for the high yield and quality of sweet potato. Zhao Jinna's timely watering in the seasonal drought in the north is very important. For better water management, watering can be drip irrigation technology to avoid water waste and excessive watering, resulting in soil compaction, and easy to use water and fertilizer integration for later stage. Fertilizer and application.
Ma Jianbo, the quality group champion, is the head of Hebei Muze Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. and Tian En Planting Professional Cooperative. The participating varieties are “Honey Sweet Potato†imported from abroad. Ma Jianbo said that in order to produce good-looking sweet potatoes, in addition to selecting good varieties, we must also pay attention to the management of planting regulations according to this variety, and the production of seedlings, detoxification, planting, storage and other aspects should be strictly standardized.
In the business model, he adopts the form of “leading enterprise + cooperative + farmerâ€, unified technical training, unified registered trademark, and unified online and offline sales. At present, the online 2.5 kg "Honey Sweet Potato" price is 49.8 yuan, and the offline bulk potato price is 16.8 yuan / kg, which further improves the planting efficiency of sweet potato.
Li Qiang, the national sweet potato improvement center and vice president of the Xuzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Province, said that with the recognition of the health effects of sweet potatoes, the demand for fresh sweet potatoes is increasing, prompting growers to pay more attention to quality, taste and nutrition.
At present, 30% of the sweet potato produced in China is used for fresh food, more than 50% is used for processing, and there are also vegetable-type, ornamental and special-purpose sweet potatoes. Fresh food and processing are mainly orange red meat, purple meat and yellow meat.
Li Qiang reminded that in production, we must choose the right variety according to the needs. In 2017, the national sweet potato industry technology system recommended fresh foods suitable for local cultivation according to the indicators of yield, quality, commercial potato rate, taste, resistance and market acceptance (in no particular order), including commercial potato 19, Potato 25, Sushu 16, Tobacco 25, Beijing 533, Xinxiang, Sushu No. 8, Longshu No. 9, Qinshu No. 5, Pushu 32, Xushu 22, Jishu 26, etc. There are also purple sweet potato varieties, such as Zizi 2, Jihe 12, Violet, Xu Zishu 2, Ning Zishu 4, Ning Zishu 1 and so on.
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