Winter irrigation of grapes has many benefits. It not only promotes the differentiation of the flower buds of the tree, and makes the flower buds fuller, which is conducive to the next year's flowering and fruit setting, but also enhances the cold and frost resistance of the tree, reducing and reducing the occurrence of frost damage. The proper winter irrigation work is good for promoting tree crown growth, spring shoots sprouting, and increasing fruit setting rate in the next year.
Generally speaking, winter irrigation can also improve fertilizer efficiency, promote the absorption and utilization of base fertilizer, and achieve the effect of adjusting fertilizer with water, while maintaining vigorous life activities of the root system, reducing leaf temperature and reducing leaf damage, ensuring the continuation of photosynthesis, and increasing nutrition in the tree. Storage capacity.
To determine the best winter irrigation time for grapes, two principles need to be followed. One is that the water holding capacity in the field is less than 60%, which is an indicator of the beginning of soil moisture shortage and should be irrigated in time; the second is to see whether the grape phenology and weather conditions are suitable Irrigate. Irrigation 2-3 times after grape harvest can promote root growth, moisturize branches and vines, and improve plant cold resistance. The time should not be too late. Too late, the temperature is too low, the soil has frozen, the water can't penetrate, the stagnant water freezes, and the roots of the fruit trees are vulnerable to freezing damage. Before and after the soil is frozen, that is, when the night freezes and the day disappears, the best.
The amount of irrigation water must be sufficient during the winter irrigation of the orchard. It is better that all water penetrates into the root distribution layer on the day after irrigation, and the soil moisture should be maintained at 60%-80% of the maximum water holding capacity in the field. That is, young trees reach 25-30 cm, and adult trees reach 80-100 cm.
Winter irrigation uses double-row drip irrigation to achieve the best results, and the methods vary according to different water source conditions in different places. There are mainly the following.
1. Flood irrigation: Flood irrigation is simple and easy, and it is also one of the main irrigation methods currently used in orchards. However, flood irrigation consumes a lot of water, and the soil is easy to harden after irrigation. It is recommended that high-quality orchards use this method only during winter irrigation. One-time irrigation will allow the soil to accumulate sufficient water. This method is not recommended for the orchard growing season.
2. Tree tray irrigation: According to the projection size of the canopy, make a tree tray and irrigate in the tray. This method is suitable for orchards with ditches and wells. Before irrigating, the ditch should be repaired first, and the water should be fully irrigated, fully irrigated and fully irrigated. .
3. Furrow irrigation: dig a 25cm-deep shallow furrow between rows, irrigate along the furrow, and fill the furrow after irrigation. During irrigation, water penetrates into the soil through the bottom and walls of the ditch, and the surface soil structure will not be damaged. The soil has good air permeability and is conducive to soil microbial activities. Furrow irrigation can control the spread of root diseases, save water and labor.
4. Hole irrigation: dig 6-8 large holes under the tree tray, put a few corn stalks in the holes, fill half of the soil, and then irrigate each hole with 10-20kg water, and cover the hole with a film after the water penetrates. This method can be promoted in areas with severe water shortages.
5. Hole fertilizer storage water or bag water storage: artificial rain collection, dig holes under the tree tray, put 3-4 bags, use a needle to pierce a few small holes in the bag and the soil contact, let the water slowly seep into the soil . This method can be used in areas without irrigation conditions. Orchards without irrigation conditions can also be covered with black plastic film, covered with grass to protect moisture, use snow and water retention agents to protect moisture and other measures. Conditional orchards can use advanced drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, and infiltration irrigation.
Disclaimer: Some articles on this website are transferred from the Internet. If the legal rights of a third party are involved, please inform this website for processing. phone
Mixture Five Spices Powder,Five Spice Powders,Mix Five Spices Powder,Mixture Spices Powder
jiangmen city hongsing food co., ltd. , https://www.jmhongsing.com