Study on the Cultivation Experiment of "Dacelaket" Strawberry Variety Baoding Strawberry Research Institute Liu Jingfen Fan Heping
Zhao Dide, Baoding Taida Agriculture Co., Ltd. Wei Hongsheng Abstract: The “Delselaket†variety has strong growth potential, good resistance, superior quality, and high yield. It is suitable for northern expanses, arch sheds, semi-conducted cultivation in greenhouses, and cultivation in the south. It is an alternative. The ideal variety of All Stars. The variety has a promising market, and the supply of fresh food and processing is in short supply. However, the implementation of non-toxic seedling cultivation is the key to ensuring the superiority of this species.
1. The introduction of Darselect varieties
Dacelet is a new breed cultivated by the French Dapeng Seedling Company in 1995. Is a European high-end fresh strawberry varieties.
The Strawberry Research Institute of Baoding City first introduced this variety to the cultivation experiment in China in 1997. It established the Baoding TEDA Agriculture Company and cooperated with France Dapeng Company to conduct large-scale non-toxic seedling breeding. Each year, France directly imports the original species or The original species, seedling production according to international standards, was officially promoted and used in production in 1999. By the spring of 2004, the area had reached more than 30,000 mu, and Baoding Qingyuan County, Tangxian County, and Shijiazhuang City Zhengding County had been cultivated. Variety base. And two batches of seedlings have been exported to South Korea to achieve a zero breakthrough in the export of strawberry seedlings from Hebei Province. In 1999, it signed a joint venture agreement with Dapeng in France. The implementation of this project has accelerated the process of updating and non-toxic and industrialized strawberry varieties in China.
2. Study on the Biological Characteristics and Cultural Characteristics of "Delselake" Breeds
2.1 Materials and Methods:
2.1.1 Test species: Daxellex, the first generation of seedlings for the breeding of newly introduced French seedlings.
Control varieties: Tutra and Catuno are the first generation seedlings for the breeding of the original seedlings that were introduced together. Allstar and Fengxiang are the main seeding varieties in Hebei Province and seedlings that have been naturally bred for many years.
Seedling standard: standard seedlings with stem diameters above 0. 6 cm and roots above 10 roots.
2.1.2 Test site: Baoding TEDA Agricultural Corporation Yuzhuang Experimental Demonstration Base, and follow-up investigations on Qingyuan, Tangxian, Zhengding and Guangdong promotion bases.
2.1.3 Cultivation Types: Greenhouses, sheds, open fields (covered with plastic film in winter) Three cultivation types, each set three times repeated, two years record observation. Planted in late August, sorghum cultivation.
2.2 Results and Analysis:
See Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, Table 4, Table 5
Table IV. Comparison of results of different planting densities in open cultivation
Planting density of single plant converted 25g or more fruiting period seedlings
(Strain/Acre) Yield (g) Yield (kg) Percentage of growth
4000 312 1248 More rare
5000 320 1600 More Slightly Slightly
5500 321 1766 More suitable
6000 310 1860 more appropriate
6500 301 1957 moderately appropriate
7000 290 2030 less dense
7500 258 1935 less dense
Table V. Comparison of different planting densities in arch shed cultivation
Planting density Plant yield per mu equivalent to 25g or more fruiting period Seedlings (plant/mu) (g) Yield (kg) Percentage of growth
More than 4000 441 1764
4500 428 1926 More Slightly Dilute
5000 439 2195 More appropriate
5500 420 2310 More appropriate
6000 396 2376 more appropriate
6500 323 2099 Medium density
7000 256 1792 less dense
2.2.1 Growth habits of "Delselake"
The varieties of seedlings are thick, strong growth potential, large plant type, upright posture, many leaves and hypertrophy, dark green, very developed root system, fruit shape is long conical, fruit shape is large, sepals and fruit separation. The fruit surface is dark red, bright, full red flesh, hard texture. Excellent fruit taste, strong flavor, moderate acidity and sweetness, solids content of 8-12%, the highest reached 16%, 3-6% higher than the All-Star variety, harvesting period has a rich aroma.
Apart from fresh food, this variety also has good processability. Its red and red pulp inside and outside, moderate hardness, strong flavor, is an ideal raw material for processing jam and quick-frozen fruit.
Good yield, general yield 300-500g, mu yield 2000-4000kg. In addition, the size of the fruit is uniform, and the average fruit weight of the first-stage ordinal fruit is about 25 g. It can also maintain large fruits at the later stage of harvest, which is convenient for harvesting and has high commodity value.
The variety is a medium-early-maturing variety. The mature period of open cultivation is about one week earlier than that of the all-star, and it is 10-15 days earlier than the all-stars in the protected greenhouse under the same greenhouse conditions. Its dormancy period is shorter than that of the All-Star, which is more fragrant and Tutra long. It is suitable for cultivation in open fields, sheds, greenhouses and southern areas.
Adaptability and pest resistance ability, in the cultivation of non-toxic seedlings, the varieties clearly showed: strong adaptability to the climatic environment and soil environment, resistance to gray mold, powdery mildew, blight, leaf spot disease and common root diseases. However, with the extension of the planting period, the self-cultivation and self-cultivation of the seedlings, the results showed that after three years of self-propagation seedlings showed obvious fruit aroma, flavor faded, plant yield decreased, yellow seedlings serious, mildly susceptible to powdery mildew and disease The aging of the seedlings and the deterioration of the varieties are faster.
2.2.2 Cultivation characteristics of "Delselake" In response to the growth habit of the "Delselaket" variety, in order to ensure the stable yield and high yield of the variety, the advantages of the variety are maintained, and the application period of the variety is extended to the maximum extent. , cultivation needs to pay attention to the following points:
1. This variety is the preferred variety for open areas, arch sheds and semi-conductivity cultivation in greenhouses in northern China. It is an ideal variety to replace the main cultivar “All Starsâ€. It is necessary to increase the promotion efforts and expand the scale of cultivation so as to adapt to the needs of China's fresh food and processing and export of enterprises, so that the quality of strawberry fruits can reach a new level.
2. In order to achieve the maximum benefit, the species should be planted with non-toxic vaccines and non-toxic cultivation. The seedlings of non-toxic seedlings grow vigorously, have strong resistance, have less pests and diseases, and have high yield and good quality. This is the key to guaranteeing the original quality characteristics and pollution-free production of the "Delselaket" fruit. Especially in the new strawberry growing area, we must avoid blind introduction, and we must cherish our unpolluted environment in order to realize the sustainable development of the strawberry industry.
3. Introduce the original seedlings in the early spring and separate the nursery fields and the fields. This can greatly reduce the investment cost of farmers' seedlings, and can also achieve non-toxic production. At the same time, it avoids the long-distance transfer of seedlings in the high-temperature period in August, and can be planted at any time and in a timely manner to shorten the seedling-reducing period.
4. The planting density of non-toxic seedling cultivation should not be too large. The suitable planting density is: 5000-6500 plants/mu for open field and arch shed, and 7000-10000 plants/mu for greenhouse cultivation. Apply enough organic manure to properly control the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied and cultivate it with sorghum. Non-toxic seedling cultivation density should be significantly increased.
5 In the greenhouse cultivation, the "Delselaket" variety is difficult to substitute for the prematureness of "Fengxiang" and it is not advisable to buckle up too early. It is advisable to shank from late November to mid-December. The mature period should be in late February. It is appropriate to start harvesting in early March. Otherwise, the amount of accumulated temperature and light hours are small, and the fruit has low sugar content, so it is difficult to show the moderate-sweet fruit quality characteristics of the variety, so the variety is more suitable for semi-conducted cultivation of greenhouses.
6, should be sprayed before and after fruit coloring 0.2% magnesium sulfate 2-3 times, supplement magnesium fertilizer, can avoid the fruit after harvest, the color slightly darkened and lose luster.
7. Since 1999, it has been experimentally planted in southern regions such as Guangdong, Guizhou and Sichuan, and has achieved success in planting. In addition to taking advantage of the special advantages of this species, the implementation of non-toxic seedlings, strong seedlings, and seedlings cultivation is the key to success. Its fruit quality and appearance are more superior in the southern region, and has been recognized by major supermarkets in Hong Kong and Guangzhou. It is one of the ideal varieties for strawberry cultivation in the South.
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