It is not appropriate to use large amounts of uncooked cake fat. The carbon and nitrogen of cake fat is relatively small, decomposition is rapid, easy to produce high temperature, the application of uncooked cake fat will increase the local temperature, cause burning of roots and affect the germination of seeds, but also attracts underground pests, cake crushing should be soaked with human waste Apply after fever. Compound fertilizer can not be used alone, compound fertilizer nutrients are relatively fixed, should be based on different soils. The demand for various nutrients from different crops and plants in different periods, and according to the growth conditions of the crop at the time, it is used in conjunction with other fertilizers. For example, when diammonium phosphate is 18% nitrogen and phosphorus is 46%, when used in crops with more nitrogen requirements, the calculated amount of phosphorus is used. The insufficient nitrogen is supplemented with ammonium bicarbonate, urea and ammonium sulfate. Rare earth fertilizer should not be directly applied to soil, can be used as seed fertilizer or foliar spray, seed dressing dosage 25-35 grams per acre; soaking seed with 0.05% solution, soak for 12-24 hours, remove and sow; leaf spray It is advisable to apply a concentration of 0.05% and use 50-70 kg of solution per acre. It can be mixed with pesticides.
Ammonium phosphate (diammonium) should not be applied to vegetables. Vegetables need a lot of nitrogen and potassium, and less phosphorus is needed. For example, eggplant requires a ratio of N, P and K of 3:1:4, celery of 2:1:5 and cabbage of 8:1:7. The diammonium nitrogen 18%, phosphorus up to 46%, nitrogen and phosphorus ratio of 1:3.9, no potassium, can not meet the needs of vegetable growth.
Iron fertilizers should not be applied to the soil. Iron fertilizers are easily fixed in the soil and converted into insoluble compounds, losing their fertility. Foliar spraying should be used, for example, iron sulphate should be sprayed at a concentration of 0.2-0.5% to iron deficiency in fruit trees.
Phosphate fertilizers should not be dispersedly applied. Phosphorus is easily absorbed by the soil and loses its effectiveness. The contact area between phosphate fertilizer and soil should be reduced. It can be applied by ditching or hole application, and concentratedly applied near the root of the crop. Ammonium sulfate cannot be used for long periods of time. This fertilizer is a kind of physiological acid fertilizer. If it is used for a long time in a piece of land, it will increase the acidity of the soil and damage the soil structure. In alkaline soils, the ions in the ammonium sulfate are absorbed, while the sulfate ions remain in the soil and react with calcium. So that the soil hardens.
Ammonium bicarbonate should not be applied shallowly, and the depth should be more than 6 mm. In addition, it is not appropriate to use it in greenhouses because hydrogen carbonate is commonly referred to as “gas fertilizer†and is easily decomposed into ammonia gas in the greenhouse.
Containing chloride fertilizer should not be applied to saline-alkali soil and bogey-free crops. Ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, etc. are applied to the soil. Chloride ions remain in the soil. Long-term application will increase the accumulation of chloride ions in the soil and lead to acidification of the soil. The application of salt on saline land will increase salt damage. The application of chlorinated fertilizers to chlorine-free crops such as sugar cane, sugar beets, potatoes, grapes, watermelons, and tobacco will reduce the yield and quality.
Potash fertilizer should not be applied in the later stage of crops. Potassium can be transferred from the lower stem and leaves of the crop to the young part of the top and reused. The potassium deficiency symptoms are delayed compared with the deficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus. Potassium fertilizer should be applied in advance during the seedling stage or the middle or early jointing stage of crops, or as a base fertilizer. .
Magnetic fertilizers are promising
Since the Zhongnan Electric Power Design Institute successfully developed the magnetic zone fertilizer in the 1980s, according to incomplete statistics, more than 50 enterprises in the country have produced magnetic fertilizers. This effectively utilizes industrial solid wastes and increases the number of compound fertilizers. It can also increase the output of crops and has certain economic and social benefits. Magnetic fertilizers, also known as magnetized fertilizers, are "fertile" and "magnetic" combined fertilizers. It consists of fertilizers (such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, etc.) and magnetized magnetic carriers (such as fly ash, pyrite slag, and yellow phosphorus slag, etc.).
Magnetic fertilizer production process is mainly granulated after the magnetization and pre-magnetization granulation two. The key to the production of magnetic fertilizers is magnetization technology, which means that the fertilizer has a certain degree of magnetic properties. Magnetically modulates the magnetic environment of living organisms. It stimulates the growth of crops like “hormonesâ€, activates nutrients in soil and fertilizers, increases the uptake of nutrients by crops, facilitates the formation of micro-aggregate structures in soil, and improves soil physics. Nature, increase the permeability of the soil, so as to achieve the purpose of plant growth.
The magnetic fertilizer is rich in nutrients, not only contains N, P, K and other elements required by the plant, but also a large amount of Ca, Mg, Fe, trace elements and rare earth elements, which can avoid or reduce soil acidification caused by long-term application of chemical fertilizers. And build adverse effects. It is relatively easy for chemical fertilizer companies to produce magnetic fertilizers. As long as one magnetizer is added to the original compound fertilizer production line, the investment can be made economically and quickly. At the same time, industrial wastes are used as raw materials and the product cost is low. After the application of magnetic fertilizer, it can generally increase production by 5%-15%, and can increase farmers' income by 8-50.4 yuan per mu, which has obvious economic and social benefits.
Astragalus Membranaceus, also known as Mianqi. Herbs perennial, 50-100 cm tall. The main roots are thick, woody, often branched and gray-white. Stems erect, upper branched, finely angled, white pubescent. Herbs perennial, 50-100 cm tall. It is produced in Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Gansu, Heilongjiang and other places.
The medicinal use of Astragalus membranaceus has a history of more than 2000 years. It has the functions of enhancing immune function, protecting liver, diuresis, anti-aging, anti-stress, antihypertensive and a wide range of antimicrobial activities. However, it is forbidden to use the evidence of excessive superficial pathogenic factors, stagnation of qi stagnation and dampness, stagnation of food accumulation, excessive heat and toxicity at the beginning of carbuncle or after ulcer, and excessive Yin deficiency and yang.
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