Since the beginning of this year, the livestock and poultry breeding industry has been able to warm up all the time, the price is high in the "bull market", and the benefits have become all-embracing. However, behind the lively livestock and poultry breeding industry situation, there are some unsatisfactory constraints, which must be highly valued and take precautions to ensure the healthy, efficient, safe and sustainable development of modern animal husbandry.
First, the cost of production has increased, and profit margins have been under pressure. According to the survey, the price of corn, which is the main raw material for feed, has continued to rise, and labor wages have also risen. With the increase in related cost factors such as imported fishmeal and oil prices, the cost of breeding each commodity pig has increased by about 130 yuan year-on-year. At present, the prices of live pigs and eggs are declining, and the rising costs have kept the profit margins of the breeding industry from shrinking.
The second is that the production level is low and the market capacity is not strong. At present, some small and medium-sized farms have poor scientific and technological application capabilities in species selection, feeding and management, epidemic prevention and control, and have low production efficiency and weak market supply capacity.
Third, the “gravity†of the policy dropped, and the pulling effect weakened. In this year's Xuchang county government's agricultural structure adjustment policy in Henan Province, farm support funds accounted for 4% to 7% of the total investment. The award funds were subsidized by half of direct subsidies and half of interest subsidies. At the beginning of the year, the county applied for 11 newly-built livestock projects. Up to now, only 6 of them have started construction, accounting for only 54%.
Fourth, the project is difficult to land and the development of the industry is hindered. At present, the difficulty of landing the breeding project has increased. For example, the nature of land, animal epidemic prevention conditions, surrounding forage resources, geographic location, and hydropower transportation have all become rigid constraints to the landing of breeding projects.
Fifth, the “old diseases†of old farms (area) are serious and the task of reconstruction is arduous. Xuchang County currently has more than 1,370 large-scale breeding farms (areas), most of which were built before 2007. Due to imperfect and non-standard national and local industry standards at the time, the construction of farms (areas) was arbitrarily large and the threshold was low. many.
Sixth, the industrial chain is loose and the degree of organization is low. At present, Xuchang County has nearly 10 livestock and poultry husbandry enterprises in provinces and cities. However, there are only a few truly established and stable cooperative interests with farmers. Most of the "leading" names are inconsistent with facts. They only care about the "head" regardless of the "tail" and cannot really play the role of "the locomotive."
At present, it is in the critical period of the transition from traditional animal husbandry to modern animal husbandry. The existence of these problems will inevitably affect the healthy and sustainable development of the modern livestock industry, and must be highly valued and effectively addressed. Taking Xuchang County in Henan Province as an example, the following suggestions are made:
Increase policy support. The farmers with high investment and low returns in the aquaculture industry and whose investment subjects are relatively poor need the government to give greater and stronger policy support. The first is to increase the incentives for new breeding projects, use policies to leverage the industry to move forward; second is to increase support for old farms (districts), and use preferential policies to attract and encourage people to take shares. The standardized scale field model reorganizes old farms (districts), saves land use, and increases production efficiency. Encourage and support various forms of animal husbandry professional cooperation organizations such as “corporate + farmer householdsâ€, “capable + farmer householdsâ€, and “broker + farmer householdsâ€, and lead leading enterprises in establishing cooperative business models of “leading + cooperation organizations + farmer households†to form a leader. The tripartite win-win cooperation mechanism for the sharing of profits among enterprises, cooperative organizations, and farmers, and the enhancement of the cohesion of the entire industrial chain, and the ability to “collectively combat†against market risks. Increase the thrust of science and technology. We must conscientiously organize the establishment of demonstration activities for the establishment of a standardized culture, and set a typical model to lead the way. In accordance with industry standards, a number of national, provincial, and municipal demonstration farms were established as the “leader†and “vane†of the industry, leading the industry to enter the direction of standard-scale farming, earn income on a scale, and win with standards. We will carry out science and technology entry and household activities, provide first-line guidance and field assistance, focus on promoting cost-effective technologies and quality-enhancing standardization technologies, and constantly increase people’s ability in applying science and technology to improve the industry’s production level, tap potential, and increase profits.
Increase overall planning. It is necessary to fully investigate and form an overall land use plan coordinated with the “Twelfth Five-Year Planâ€. Each township shall, in accordance with the Ministry of Land and Resources and the Ministry of Agriculture's Circular on Promoting Policies on Land Use for Large Scale Aquaculture and the Circular on Issues Concerning the Improvement of Facilities and Management of Agricultural Land, combine the county's animal husbandry “12th five-year†development plan. Coordinate the formulation of plans for local aquaculture land use, reserve land resources ahead of time, and ensure the smooth landing of the breeding project. Increase environmental management efforts. Aquaculture environment is related to the quality of ecological environment and the sustainable development of animal husbandry, and investment and comprehensive management must be increased. The relevant departments should explore economic, practical, and effective pollution control measures. Governments at all levels should list special funds for pollution control, truly implement environmental protection measures, and build a modern, new countryside that is environmentally friendly, harmonious with humans and animals.
Increase market forecast and early warning. Relevant departments should conduct in-depth investigation and study, strengthen the dynamic monitoring of animal husbandry production and market prices, pay close attention to the changes in the production situation, strengthen the situation and judgements, provide decision-making advice for the leaders, timely release market early warning information, and correctly guide the farm (household) to rationally arrange production, promote The stable development of the aquaculture industry ensures the effective supply of the market and maintains a good situation in the stable development of the economy and society.
First, the cost of production has increased, and profit margins have been under pressure. According to the survey, the price of corn, which is the main raw material for feed, has continued to rise, and labor wages have also risen. With the increase in related cost factors such as imported fishmeal and oil prices, the cost of breeding each commodity pig has increased by about 130 yuan year-on-year. At present, the prices of live pigs and eggs are declining, and the rising costs have kept the profit margins of the breeding industry from shrinking.
The second is that the production level is low and the market capacity is not strong. At present, some small and medium-sized farms have poor scientific and technological application capabilities in species selection, feeding and management, epidemic prevention and control, and have low production efficiency and weak market supply capacity.
Third, the “gravity†of the policy dropped, and the pulling effect weakened. In this year's Xuchang county government's agricultural structure adjustment policy in Henan Province, farm support funds accounted for 4% to 7% of the total investment. The award funds were subsidized by half of direct subsidies and half of interest subsidies. At the beginning of the year, the county applied for 11 newly-built livestock projects. Up to now, only 6 of them have started construction, accounting for only 54%.
Fourth, the project is difficult to land and the development of the industry is hindered. At present, the difficulty of landing the breeding project has increased. For example, the nature of land, animal epidemic prevention conditions, surrounding forage resources, geographic location, and hydropower transportation have all become rigid constraints to the landing of breeding projects.
Fifth, the “old diseases†of old farms (area) are serious and the task of reconstruction is arduous. Xuchang County currently has more than 1,370 large-scale breeding farms (areas), most of which were built before 2007. Due to imperfect and non-standard national and local industry standards at the time, the construction of farms (areas) was arbitrarily large and the threshold was low. many.
Sixth, the industrial chain is loose and the degree of organization is low. At present, Xuchang County has nearly 10 livestock and poultry husbandry enterprises in provinces and cities. However, there are only a few truly established and stable cooperative interests with farmers. Most of the "leading" names are inconsistent with facts. They only care about the "head" regardless of the "tail" and cannot really play the role of "the locomotive."
At present, it is in the critical period of the transition from traditional animal husbandry to modern animal husbandry. The existence of these problems will inevitably affect the healthy and sustainable development of the modern livestock industry, and must be highly valued and effectively addressed. Taking Xuchang County in Henan Province as an example, the following suggestions are made:
Increase policy support. The farmers with high investment and low returns in the aquaculture industry and whose investment subjects are relatively poor need the government to give greater and stronger policy support. The first is to increase the incentives for new breeding projects, use policies to leverage the industry to move forward; second is to increase support for old farms (districts), and use preferential policies to attract and encourage people to take shares. The standardized scale field model reorganizes old farms (districts), saves land use, and increases production efficiency. Encourage and support various forms of animal husbandry professional cooperation organizations such as “corporate + farmer householdsâ€, “capable + farmer householdsâ€, and “broker + farmer householdsâ€, and lead leading enterprises in establishing cooperative business models of “leading + cooperation organizations + farmer households†to form a leader. The tripartite win-win cooperation mechanism for the sharing of profits among enterprises, cooperative organizations, and farmers, and the enhancement of the cohesion of the entire industrial chain, and the ability to “collectively combat†against market risks. Increase the thrust of science and technology. We must conscientiously organize the establishment of demonstration activities for the establishment of a standardized culture, and set a typical model to lead the way. In accordance with industry standards, a number of national, provincial, and municipal demonstration farms were established as the “leader†and “vane†of the industry, leading the industry to enter the direction of standard-scale farming, earn income on a scale, and win with standards. We will carry out science and technology entry and household activities, provide first-line guidance and field assistance, focus on promoting cost-effective technologies and quality-enhancing standardization technologies, and constantly increase people’s ability in applying science and technology to improve the industry’s production level, tap potential, and increase profits.
Increase overall planning. It is necessary to fully investigate and form an overall land use plan coordinated with the “Twelfth Five-Year Planâ€. Each township shall, in accordance with the Ministry of Land and Resources and the Ministry of Agriculture's Circular on Promoting Policies on Land Use for Large Scale Aquaculture and the Circular on Issues Concerning the Improvement of Facilities and Management of Agricultural Land, combine the county's animal husbandry “12th five-year†development plan. Coordinate the formulation of plans for local aquaculture land use, reserve land resources ahead of time, and ensure the smooth landing of the breeding project. Increase environmental management efforts. Aquaculture environment is related to the quality of ecological environment and the sustainable development of animal husbandry, and investment and comprehensive management must be increased. The relevant departments should explore economic, practical, and effective pollution control measures. Governments at all levels should list special funds for pollution control, truly implement environmental protection measures, and build a modern, new countryside that is environmentally friendly, harmonious with humans and animals.
Increase market forecast and early warning. Relevant departments should conduct in-depth investigation and study, strengthen the dynamic monitoring of animal husbandry production and market prices, pay close attention to the changes in the production situation, strengthen the situation and judgements, provide decision-making advice for the leaders, timely release market early warning information, and correctly guide the farm (household) to rationally arrange production, promote The stable development of the aquaculture industry ensures the effective supply of the market and maintains a good situation in the stable development of the economy and society.
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