Pterocarya akae, also known as Da Ye Liu, is a deciduous tree of the genus Pteridophyte, widely distributed in North China, Central China, South China and Southwestern provinces. It is a beautiful greenery material. It is a beautiful and graceful tree, and it can be used as a street tree and a tree shade tree. Now its cultivation management technology is introduced as follows, for reference only.
Ecological habits Pterocarya stenoptera can be up to 25 meters in height and can reach a breast diameter of 1 meter or more. Branches have platy pith, bare buds are densely covered with brown hairs, and there are stacked sessile buds. The pinnate axis of the pinnate leaves is winged, and 9 leaflets are planted in 23 pieces, which are oblong in shape and are 5 cm to 10 cm long. The leaf margins are serrated, and the terminal leaflets are sometimes not developed. The nuts are nearly spherical and resemble ingots, hence the name Yuanbaoshu. Fruit with 2 oblong or oblong-shaped lanceolate wings, 2 cm to 3 cm in length, flowering in April and May, fruit ripening in August and September, mature from green to tan.
Feng Yang Xiguang is not tolerant of yin, more cold-resistant, hi warm and humid climate, more moisture, but the planting site should not be long-term accumulation of water, strict requirements on the soil, in the slightly acidic soil, neutral soil, and mild saline-alkali soil can be normal Growing, grows best in deep, fertile sandy loam.
Water and fertilizer management Feng Yang is slow growing in young age, and sufficient fertilizer can accelerate plant growth. In general, the dried chicken manure or decomposed fermented cattle manure can be used as the base fertilizer when planting. The base fertilizer must be mixed well with the planting soil, and the three-element compound fertilizer should be applied once in June and July of the year to promote the plant. Long branches and long leaves, to expand the nutritional area, combined with frozen water at the end of autumn, the application of a half-comminuted cattle horse manure, this fertilizer can be applied shallowly, can also be directly sprinkled in the tree plate. After the budding in the following spring, topdressing urea was applied once, followed by applying phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in the early summer and organic fertilizers in the first year of the end of the autumn. From the third year onwards, it was only necessary to apply farmyard manure once a year at the end of autumn, but the amount should be greater than the first two years. Fertilizing according to this method can help improve the growth of the plant.
It should be noted that at work, some people mistakenly believe that mature trees do not need to be fertilized. This is incorrect. Mature trees need to be fertilized. Adequate fertilizers can improve the plant's resistance to stress and disease and insect pests. In particular, Pterocarya stenoptera planted on hardened pavements and in poor environmental conditions requires fertilization year after year. The normal growth of plants, but also can effectively extend the service life of Pterix.
Pterocarya philoxeroides prefers to moisten the environment and should keep the soil moist but not watery during cultivation. When planting, the first three waters should be poured, and once the water is over, the water should be poured once a month. After each watering, the soil should be soiled in a timely manner. After the autumn, the watering should be controlled to prevent the fall from forming. In the early winter, the foot should be poured with antifreeze water. In the early spring of the following year, it is necessary to pour the frozen water in time. From then on until July, it will be poured once a month. In the end of the fall, antifreeze water shall be poured in the first year. After the third year, antifreeze water and thawing water should be poured. At other times, depending on the precipitation, watering and watering should be determined.
Pruning method P. simonii should be cut and treated according to the requirements before planting, and the wound should be treated in time after cutting to prevent rot and reduce water evaporation. After planting and living, some new shoots will sprout under the cuttings. When the new shoots grow to about 40 centimeters, three or four growers are selected to be robust and close to the top of the trunk. The evenly distributed branches will be used as the main branch. The selected shoots should not grow on the same trajectory and have a certain angle with the trunk. The remaining shoots are all removed from the base. After the fall leaves, the selected main branch was short-cut, the outer shoots were left under clipping, and the new branches on the main branch were trimmed in the following year. Select two lateral branches on each main branch and all others are removed. In July and August, the collaterals were picked up and the branchlets on the collateral branches were trimmed, mainly with thinning branches, supplemented by short cuts. Two or three secondary branches were retained on each side branch, and the remaining secondary branches were shortened. cut. After 3 years of pruning, the basic tree shape of Pterocarya fulva can be formed. In the future management, only the conventional pruning can be performed, and the pest branch, pendulous branch, dry branch, over dense branch and cross branch can be pruned.
Pest Control Common Diseases Coal pollution is a common disease of Pterocarya stenoptera. The pathogen of this disease belongs to the Ascomycete subphylum, the fungus of the fungus family. The asexual generation is a semi-known fungus. Mycelia, conidia and ascospora are overwintering on the host. By airflow and insect spread. The conidia and ascospores on the excretions and secretions of the sucking pests of the aphids infested the host for a long time, and the black coal smoke appeared in small coal spots. The conidia could be repeatedly infested and the coal smear layer gradually expanded. Thickening, and often cover the entire blade, so that the leaves can not light and role, affecting the viewing and growth. If there is any occurrence of coal pollution, pests such as aphids and scale insects should be controlled first. In the routine maintenance process, ventilation and light transmission should be strengthened to remove excessive dense shoots in time.
Common Pests The common pests of Pterocarya quinquefasciatus are Pomeroa, Pallium vulgare, Japan's Pampas velutipes, brown-footed breastplate, leaf spotted leaf worm, tea bag moth, green leaf moth, green leaf moth, Walnut hawk-winged hawk moth, tussah moth, green tailed silk moth, ginkgo large silk moth, spotted daytime cattle. In the case of pupa, adult insects are trapped and killed by black light. During the nymph period, 20% Kangfu Duongnong WP is sprayed 3000 times. If gold green pupa occurs, adult worms will catch adult insects or spray 48%. Benzene EC 3500 times; if Japan's louse occurs, it can be sprayed with 3% hypertonic phenoxy-oxo-emulsion 3000 times or 10% imidacloprid wettable granules 2000 times in young or crawling nymphs; if brown The hornbill is harmful and can be used to manually capture adult worms or spray 3% hypertonic phenoxy-oxo-emulsion 3000 times at the time of occurrence; if there is danger of round spotted leaf worms, spray 3% hypertonic phenoxy-sulphur emulsifiable concentrate 3000 times Prevention and control; if there is damage of tea bag moth, brown edge green moth, green green moth, walnut eagle hawk moth, tussah moth, green tailed silk moth, ginkgo moth, can be sprayed with 1.2% cannabinoid emulsion 1000 times or 20 % Diflubenzuron 7000 times liquid to kill; If there is more spotted cattle during the day, the adults will be sprayed with Green Weilei 500 times to kill.
Propagation methods Populus simonii breeding generally adopts seeding method. Choose trunks with straight and disease-free Pterocarya stenoptera as breeding mother plants. The seeds were collected after being turned to tan. The net species were stored in a clean cloth bag and soaked in warm water at 60° C. for two days in the following spring. Then the seedlings were drilled at 25 cm intervals, and the seedlings emerged in about 30 days. Seedlings grow to a height of about 15 centimeters when they are on a cloudy day. Seedlings should be strengthened with loose soil, weeding, fertilization and watering. When the ground diameter is 1.5 cm, the nursery can be removed and planted separately.
Ecological habits Pterocarya stenoptera can be up to 25 meters in height and can reach a breast diameter of 1 meter or more. Branches have platy pith, bare buds are densely covered with brown hairs, and there are stacked sessile buds. The pinnate axis of the pinnate leaves is winged, and 9 leaflets are planted in 23 pieces, which are oblong in shape and are 5 cm to 10 cm long. The leaf margins are serrated, and the terminal leaflets are sometimes not developed. The nuts are nearly spherical and resemble ingots, hence the name Yuanbaoshu. Fruit with 2 oblong or oblong-shaped lanceolate wings, 2 cm to 3 cm in length, flowering in April and May, fruit ripening in August and September, mature from green to tan.
Feng Yang Xiguang is not tolerant of yin, more cold-resistant, hi warm and humid climate, more moisture, but the planting site should not be long-term accumulation of water, strict requirements on the soil, in the slightly acidic soil, neutral soil, and mild saline-alkali soil can be normal Growing, grows best in deep, fertile sandy loam.
Water and fertilizer management Feng Yang is slow growing in young age, and sufficient fertilizer can accelerate plant growth. In general, the dried chicken manure or decomposed fermented cattle manure can be used as the base fertilizer when planting. The base fertilizer must be mixed well with the planting soil, and the three-element compound fertilizer should be applied once in June and July of the year to promote the plant. Long branches and long leaves, to expand the nutritional area, combined with frozen water at the end of autumn, the application of a half-comminuted cattle horse manure, this fertilizer can be applied shallowly, can also be directly sprinkled in the tree plate. After the budding in the following spring, topdressing urea was applied once, followed by applying phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in the early summer and organic fertilizers in the first year of the end of the autumn. From the third year onwards, it was only necessary to apply farmyard manure once a year at the end of autumn, but the amount should be greater than the first two years. Fertilizing according to this method can help improve the growth of the plant.
It should be noted that at work, some people mistakenly believe that mature trees do not need to be fertilized. This is incorrect. Mature trees need to be fertilized. Adequate fertilizers can improve the plant's resistance to stress and disease and insect pests. In particular, Pterocarya stenoptera planted on hardened pavements and in poor environmental conditions requires fertilization year after year. The normal growth of plants, but also can effectively extend the service life of Pterix.
Pterocarya philoxeroides prefers to moisten the environment and should keep the soil moist but not watery during cultivation. When planting, the first three waters should be poured, and once the water is over, the water should be poured once a month. After each watering, the soil should be soiled in a timely manner. After the autumn, the watering should be controlled to prevent the fall from forming. In the early winter, the foot should be poured with antifreeze water. In the early spring of the following year, it is necessary to pour the frozen water in time. From then on until July, it will be poured once a month. In the end of the fall, antifreeze water shall be poured in the first year. After the third year, antifreeze water and thawing water should be poured. At other times, depending on the precipitation, watering and watering should be determined.
Pruning method P. simonii should be cut and treated according to the requirements before planting, and the wound should be treated in time after cutting to prevent rot and reduce water evaporation. After planting and living, some new shoots will sprout under the cuttings. When the new shoots grow to about 40 centimeters, three or four growers are selected to be robust and close to the top of the trunk. The evenly distributed branches will be used as the main branch. The selected shoots should not grow on the same trajectory and have a certain angle with the trunk. The remaining shoots are all removed from the base. After the fall leaves, the selected main branch was short-cut, the outer shoots were left under clipping, and the new branches on the main branch were trimmed in the following year. Select two lateral branches on each main branch and all others are removed. In July and August, the collaterals were picked up and the branchlets on the collateral branches were trimmed, mainly with thinning branches, supplemented by short cuts. Two or three secondary branches were retained on each side branch, and the remaining secondary branches were shortened. cut. After 3 years of pruning, the basic tree shape of Pterocarya fulva can be formed. In the future management, only the conventional pruning can be performed, and the pest branch, pendulous branch, dry branch, over dense branch and cross branch can be pruned.
Pest Control Common Diseases Coal pollution is a common disease of Pterocarya stenoptera. The pathogen of this disease belongs to the Ascomycete subphylum, the fungus of the fungus family. The asexual generation is a semi-known fungus. Mycelia, conidia and ascospora are overwintering on the host. By airflow and insect spread. The conidia and ascospores on the excretions and secretions of the sucking pests of the aphids infested the host for a long time, and the black coal smoke appeared in small coal spots. The conidia could be repeatedly infested and the coal smear layer gradually expanded. Thickening, and often cover the entire blade, so that the leaves can not light and role, affecting the viewing and growth. If there is any occurrence of coal pollution, pests such as aphids and scale insects should be controlled first. In the routine maintenance process, ventilation and light transmission should be strengthened to remove excessive dense shoots in time.
Common Pests The common pests of Pterocarya quinquefasciatus are Pomeroa, Pallium vulgare, Japan's Pampas velutipes, brown-footed breastplate, leaf spotted leaf worm, tea bag moth, green leaf moth, green leaf moth, Walnut hawk-winged hawk moth, tussah moth, green tailed silk moth, ginkgo large silk moth, spotted daytime cattle. In the case of pupa, adult insects are trapped and killed by black light. During the nymph period, 20% Kangfu Duongnong WP is sprayed 3000 times. If gold green pupa occurs, adult worms will catch adult insects or spray 48%. Benzene EC 3500 times; if Japan's louse occurs, it can be sprayed with 3% hypertonic phenoxy-oxo-emulsion 3000 times or 10% imidacloprid wettable granules 2000 times in young or crawling nymphs; if brown The hornbill is harmful and can be used to manually capture adult worms or spray 3% hypertonic phenoxy-oxo-emulsion 3000 times at the time of occurrence; if there is danger of round spotted leaf worms, spray 3% hypertonic phenoxy-sulphur emulsifiable concentrate 3000 times Prevention and control; if there is damage of tea bag moth, brown edge green moth, green green moth, walnut eagle hawk moth, tussah moth, green tailed silk moth, ginkgo moth, can be sprayed with 1.2% cannabinoid emulsion 1000 times or 20 % Diflubenzuron 7000 times liquid to kill; If there is more spotted cattle during the day, the adults will be sprayed with Green Weilei 500 times to kill.
Propagation methods Populus simonii breeding generally adopts seeding method. Choose trunks with straight and disease-free Pterocarya stenoptera as breeding mother plants. The seeds were collected after being turned to tan. The net species were stored in a clean cloth bag and soaked in warm water at 60° C. for two days in the following spring. Then the seedlings were drilled at 25 cm intervals, and the seedlings emerged in about 30 days. Seedlings grow to a height of about 15 centimeters when they are on a cloudy day. Seedlings should be strengthened with loose soil, weeding, fertilization and watering. When the ground diameter is 1.5 cm, the nursery can be removed and planted separately.
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