1 Note that isolated cowpea in the field is a closed-pollinated crop and has a low natural hybridization rate. However, in order to ensure the purity of seeds, strict isolation must be applied between different varieties when they are reserved to prevent bunching. In general, the isolation spacing of the original species is more than 200m, and the isolation spacing of the production varieties is more than 30m.
2 Do not refrain from planting in continuous cropping, the pests and diseases will intensify, cowpea plants will grow poorly, cause less scarring, high emptying rate, and reduce seed production.
3 Timely sowing In general, cowpeas can be sown in Wenzhou mountainous areas from the middle of March to mid-August. However, the seed collection time of cowpeas needs to avoid the typhoon rainy season. Since Wenzhou City was affected by typhoons frequently during July-August, the weather was rainy and the harvested seeds were susceptible to mildew. In September, it was rainy and sunny weather was favorable for seed production. Therefore, it is advisable to plant seedlings in the mountainous area of ​​Wenzhou in the middle and late June, and harvest seeds in September.
4 To select the best seedlings for cultivation, the seedlings should be strictly divided according to the growth period of the bean, and the miscellaneous, inferior and diseased plants should be completely eliminated. From the seedling stage to the initial stage of flowering, diseased plants, deformed plants, and poorly growing plants were removed in a timely manner; during the flowering and poding stage, mixed plants that did not meet the characteristics of this variety were removed based on flower color, leaf shape, pod shape, and indigo color; , eliminate disease-infested and injurious strains. Choose to grow robustly, with tight internodes, low flowering nodes, dense inflorescences, double knots, uniform medium and low pods. In the process of seed harvesting, air drying and threshing, artificial mechanical mixing is strictly prevented.
5 The rational and dense planting of cultivated land should be open, easy drainage and irrigation, adequate light, and north-south orientation, and high- and double-row planting. General Shukuan (even ditch) 1.5m, hole distance 20 ~ 25cm, 1 to 2 seedlings per hole, acres planted 3500 to 4000 points.
6 Fertilizer and water management The basic fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer, and appropriate N, P, K ternary compound fertilizer is applied. The acidity of the soil in the Wenzhou mountainous areas is heavier, and the increase in lime production is significantly increased. Water should be controlled from the seedling stage to flowering and podging to prevent leggy; after the scab, the fertilizer and water should be increased, and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate should be sprayed 2~3 times.
7 Prevention and control of pests and diseases should be mainly prevention. In the early stage of damage, active spraying should be used to prevent and control the disease. Fusarium wilt disease can be used 50% Dixon 1500 times or 40% root rot Ning 600 to 800 times or 75% of the United States to reach the high 600 ~ 800 times Irrigation; Rust can be used 20% triadimefon EC 1500 ~ 2000 times or 10% Shigao water dispersible granules are sprayed with 1500 times liquid. 52.25% of farmland can be used to control lobster, 1200 times of liquid nitrogen, 15% of hits and 4000 times of liquid, and 0.5% of sea cucumber, wormwood, and 1500 times of liquid. The optimal control period is the flowering period, and it is sprayed on sunny days from 7 to 9 am; The locusts can be sprayed with 10% net 2500 times, each time between 5 and 7 days, and even sprayed 2003 times.
8 Harvesting and storage When the seedlings change yellow and become soft, bending is continued, and the grain can be harvested when the hand is pressed, the harvesting should be carried out on a sunny day. After harvesting, the pods are sown in a cool, ventilated place and cooked for 5 to 7 days. When they are dry, they are threshed and the seeds should not be exposed on the slate or concrete floor. After drying, the seeds are bagged and sealed, and aluminum phosphide anti-worms are generally placed in the bags.
2 Do not refrain from planting in continuous cropping, the pests and diseases will intensify, cowpea plants will grow poorly, cause less scarring, high emptying rate, and reduce seed production.
3 Timely sowing In general, cowpeas can be sown in Wenzhou mountainous areas from the middle of March to mid-August. However, the seed collection time of cowpeas needs to avoid the typhoon rainy season. Since Wenzhou City was affected by typhoons frequently during July-August, the weather was rainy and the harvested seeds were susceptible to mildew. In September, it was rainy and sunny weather was favorable for seed production. Therefore, it is advisable to plant seedlings in the mountainous area of ​​Wenzhou in the middle and late June, and harvest seeds in September.
4 To select the best seedlings for cultivation, the seedlings should be strictly divided according to the growth period of the bean, and the miscellaneous, inferior and diseased plants should be completely eliminated. From the seedling stage to the initial stage of flowering, diseased plants, deformed plants, and poorly growing plants were removed in a timely manner; during the flowering and poding stage, mixed plants that did not meet the characteristics of this variety were removed based on flower color, leaf shape, pod shape, and indigo color; , eliminate disease-infested and injurious strains. Choose to grow robustly, with tight internodes, low flowering nodes, dense inflorescences, double knots, uniform medium and low pods. In the process of seed harvesting, air drying and threshing, artificial mechanical mixing is strictly prevented.
5 The rational and dense planting of cultivated land should be open, easy drainage and irrigation, adequate light, and north-south orientation, and high- and double-row planting. General Shukuan (even ditch) 1.5m, hole distance 20 ~ 25cm, 1 to 2 seedlings per hole, acres planted 3500 to 4000 points.
6 Fertilizer and water management The basic fertilizer is mainly organic fertilizer, and appropriate N, P, K ternary compound fertilizer is applied. The acidity of the soil in the Wenzhou mountainous areas is heavier, and the increase in lime production is significantly increased. Water should be controlled from the seedling stage to flowering and podging to prevent leggy; after the scab, the fertilizer and water should be increased, and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate should be sprayed 2~3 times.
7 Prevention and control of pests and diseases should be mainly prevention. In the early stage of damage, active spraying should be used to prevent and control the disease. Fusarium wilt disease can be used 50% Dixon 1500 times or 40% root rot Ning 600 to 800 times or 75% of the United States to reach the high 600 ~ 800 times Irrigation; Rust can be used 20% triadimefon EC 1500 ~ 2000 times or 10% Shigao water dispersible granules are sprayed with 1500 times liquid. 52.25% of farmland can be used to control lobster, 1200 times of liquid nitrogen, 15% of hits and 4000 times of liquid, and 0.5% of sea cucumber, wormwood, and 1500 times of liquid. The optimal control period is the flowering period, and it is sprayed on sunny days from 7 to 9 am; The locusts can be sprayed with 10% net 2500 times, each time between 5 and 7 days, and even sprayed 2003 times.
8 Harvesting and storage When the seedlings change yellow and become soft, bending is continued, and the grain can be harvested when the hand is pressed, the harvesting should be carried out on a sunny day. After harvesting, the pods are sown in a cool, ventilated place and cooked for 5 to 7 days. When they are dry, they are threshed and the seeds should not be exposed on the slate or concrete floor. After drying, the seeds are bagged and sealed, and aluminum phosphide anti-worms are generally placed in the bags.
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