Sewer design
The design principle must be conducive to prevention of pig farms, clean, clean, sanitary, leaving no fouling, is conducive to the reduction of feces. Second, it is necessary to separate rain and sewage, dry and wet separation, and separation of human pigs. Third, it is beneficial to feeding personnel and cleaning manure. Fourth, to run smoothly is not easy to block, easy to clear and repair.
Drainage ditch, urination ditch, rain ditch design simple mode: Each column is set to a hole, length 35 cm, height 10 cm, connected with the urination ditch at the bottom of the outer wall. A cement urination ditch is set at the bottom of the outer wall, which is 10 cm wide, 20 cm high, and an inclination of 3% to 5%. The urination ditch is connected with the sedimentation tank, and the sedimentation tank is located at the lower end of the fence.
Pipeline model: It is better to adopt the pipe mode design for the drainage of small and medium-sized pig farms so that rain and sewage can be separated. That is, roof rainwater is collected using a gutter (connected with a half plastic pipe) and discharged directly from Mingdao. Sewage goes dark (pipe) Road, the use of leaky seam floor design, access to the collection pool (sedimentation tank), so as to achieve separation of rain and sewage to the bottom sewage treatment costs.
The harmless treatment of fecal sewage
Design Standards Design Emission Standards Implement Pollution Discharge Standards for Livestock and Poultry Farming.
Design Principles The treatment process must be mature and reliable to ensure that the quality of the effluent meets the emission standards and ensures long-term stable operation. Medium-sized farms adopt advanced equipment, reasonable technology, economical, low investment, and low operating costs. The most ideal way is to strive for a national standard construction project for hog breeding and ecological recycling of biogas slurry.
One of several harmless treatment methods is biogas fermentation. The second is bio-active litter pigs - fermentation bed processing. Third, simultaneous fermentation of fecal sewage, high-temperature fermentation. The fourth is the use of biotechnology and chemical treatment - biochemical treatment. The fifth is the dry reduction method.
Harmless treatment programs for small and medium-sized pig farms, especially small-scale pig farms, due to serious shortage of investment in the office, the benefits are relatively low, to allow their own capital in accordance with the "pollution discharge standards of livestock and poultry industry" design of harmless treatment facilities exist With greater difficulty, local conditions allow them to do some simple and harmless treatment facilities. Minimizing pollution levels has become a top priority and the only feasible solution. The author concludes that the implementation of the "three pools" in small and medium-sized pig farms in recent years and the restrictions on the scale of farming can effectively reduce aquaculture pollution. Although this law cannot meet the "pollution discharge standards for livestock and poultry farming", it is economical and practical. It can reduce the organic matter concentration and ammonia nitrogen content in pig farm wastewater, reduce the breeding pollution, purify the surrounding sanitation, and have good social benefits.
1. According to the land's absorption capacity, limit the breeding scale for each animal farm. 2. Using artificial picking process, the introduction of simple quantitative emissions, rain and sewage separation. 3. Promote the construction of manure storage pools, fermentation (precipitation) tanks, and biological purification pools. That is, the excrement is not allowed to be stacked in the open air, cement pools are built and piled up and fermented. The urine waste water is separated into the fermentation (precipitation) tank by dry and wet separation (filtration), and after being precipitated and fermented, it is discharged into the biological purification tank (tank), and then discharged after biological purification or artificial wetland absorption.
Design Notes
According to 20 liters of sewage discharge per pig per day, the sewage is fermented for 15 days in the sedimentation tank. The precipitated fermented sewage is rich in organic substances such as hydrocarbons, nitrogen and phosphorus, and is naturally purified by biological purification ponds (tangs). After absorption, it can reduce environmental pressure. In biological purification ponds (tangs), upper-level fish and aquatic plants can be stocked, and can also be discharged after treatment in wetlands.
The biogas digester size can be designed and constructed with 1 production sow not less than 1 cubic meter.
The excrement treatment is carried out to separate the excreta and urine. The excrement cannot be piled in the open air, and the cement pool is piled up. After fermentation, the organic fertilizer is returned to the field.
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