Release date: 2017-08-31
The core of vaccines and cancer immunotherapy is the same: by enhancing the body's immune system, it can better eliminate target substances, whether it is microbes or cancer cells. Both treatments rely on CD8 T cells, a type of T cell that can exert a killing effect. Recently, researchers from the University of California, San Diego, have demonstrated through mouse experiments that drugs that activate cellular proteasomes can promote the transformation of CD8 T cells into memory cells. This discovery will help improve the therapeutic and maintenance time of vaccines and immunotherapy.
The results are published in the most recent issue of the Journal of Clinical Investigation.
"We already know that activated CD8 T cells can undergo directed differentiation to form killer T cells or memory T cells," said John T. Chang, an associate professor of UCSD, who said: "However, we are not clear. Distribution of cellular components during CD8 T cell division."
Using mice and cell culture models, the researchers found significant differences in the proteasome activity of two different subpopulations of CD8 T cells. It is well known that the proteasome is the core component responsible for the degradation and recovery of proteins, and recent studies have found that it can regulate the function of cells.
There are currently commercialized proteasome activators and inhibitors, and Bortezomib is a drug used to treat multiple myeloma, which inhibits the activity of the proteasome. Chang et al. found that "cyclosporine", an immunosuppressive drug used in organ transplantation processes, activates proteasome activity in CD8 T cells.
In addition, the authors also found that the use of cyclosporine to stimulate CD8 T cells in the early stages of microbial infections resulted in more long-lived memory T cells.
In this regard, the authors believe that this discovery can effectively improve the efficiency of cancer immunotherapy and conventional vaccines by enhancing the body's CD8 T cell immune activity.
Source: Bio Valley
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