Sweet potato is a common food crop in northern China, and it has a large effect. It is a combination of food, medicinal, economical, and feeding value. It is very popular among people in daily life. Today, Xiaobian will share with you the high-yield method of sweet potato cultivation!
The highest yielding techniques for sweet potato:
1 Growth characteristics and yield traits
Fresh potato 26 is a relief of sweet potato varieties, both quality, high yield, disease resistance (high resistance to root rot, Fusarium, stem nematode and anti-Alternaria), drought and salinity, resistance, poor resistance, storage characteristics, anti-cropping ability to highlight. Under upland cultivation Southwest hills, vine length 210cm, stem diameter of about 4mm, the number of branches is about 10. The variety is better germination, leaf green, heart-shaped, neat concentrated tuber, tuber 4-5, medium and large high potato, potato type of spindle-shaped, red yellow flesh, drying to 30 24% %, the product rate is as high as 95%, and the ready-to-eat flavor is excellent, suitable for baking and cooking.
2 Production performance
2.1 Comparison test results with similar varieties
For the second consecutive year from 2015 to 2016, the yield comparison test was carried out for the tested varieties, such as Yanshu No. 25, Sushu No. 8, Jishu 21, Laifu No. 1, Jishu No. 26 and Guangshu 87. The results showed that: Ji fresh with a 26 average yield 3170kg / mu, ranking first in the tested varieties, yield 25 compared with the control cigarette potato 714kg / acre, an increase of 29.1%, followed by 8 Su potato, fresh potato average yield 2835kg / mu, Compared with the control tobacco 25, the yield increased by 529kg/mu, an increase of 21.5%. The yield of other tested varieties was Laifu 1 > Jishu 27 > Guangshu 87 > Yanshu 25. Analysis of variance showed that the five tested varieties all increased significantly compared with the control tobacco 25. The yield difference between Jishu 26 and Sushu 8 was not significant, but it was significantly different from other varieties. It is indicated that Jishu 26 and Sushu 8 have good high yield potential in the hilly dry farming area, but the potato 26 is neat and concentrated, and the potato type is spindle-shaped, which shows that the variety has better commercial and economic value. More suitable for large-scale promotion.
2.2 Results of large-scale demonstration and small-area high-yield production in hilly dry farming areas
For the second consecutive year, large-scale experimental demonstrations were carried out in the hilly dry farming area, and small-area high-yield research was carried out, all of which achieved high production targets. In 2015, the demonstration and promotion area was 0.2 million hm2, and the average yield of fresh potatoes was 2927kg/mu. In 2016, the demonstration and promotion area was 0.35 million hm2, and the average yield of fresh potatoes reached 3231.1kg/mu. The average annual yield of fresh potatoes was 3120.5kg/mu; in 2016, 1hm2 The high-yield research and field investigation of the experts passed the average yield of fresh potatoes 5629.1kg / mu, creating the highest yield of fresh sweet potato in the north of the country.
3 supporting cultivation techniques
3.1 Deep tillage and land preparation, standard ridges
Due to the hilly dry land and shallow soil layer, it is necessary to deepen the land and cultivate deep and loose soil conditions. The ploughing depth is generally above 20cm, and it is required to level the land and the standard ridge. Under normal conditions, the ridge distance is 80-90cm, the width of the ridge is 70-80cm, and the ridge height is 20~30cm. The ridge distance is uniform, the ridge surface is flat, and the ridge soil is loose. When ridges, 2kg of 5% phoxim granules are sprayed per acre to control underground pests.
3.2 Re-application of base fertilizer, balanced fertilization, increased application of potassium fertilizer
The hilly dry land is mostly sandy loam, the soil is poor, and the fertilizer supply capacity is poor. Therefore, in fertilization, it is necessary to adhere to the principle of applying heavy fertilizer early, applying more organic fertilizer, formulating fertilization, and reapplying base fertilizer. Generally, the yield of fresh potato is 3000kg per mu, 2000-3000kg of organic fertilizer per mu, 10kg of urea, 40kg of NPK compound fertilizer, and 15kg of potassium sulfate. When ridges are applied, the ditch is applied under the ridge.
3.3 Early planting, increase planting density
It is necessary to plant early in time, and the suitable planting period for spring potato in southwestern Shandong is around April 20th. After the "May 1st", the planting rate will be reduced by about 1% every night. The suitable planting period for summer potato is from late June to mid-July, and it should be planted at an appropriate time during the appropriate planting period, and the yield is reduced by about 2% every night for 1 day. Appropriately increase the planting density, the suitable cultivation density of spring potato is 3500-4000 plants/mu, and the summer potato is 4200-4500 plants/mu.
3.4 Selection of strong seedlings
On the basis of selecting seedless seedlings for seedlings, seedlings should be selected for seedlings to ensure yield and quality. The standard of spring potato seedlings is 100g above 500g, the top three leaves are flush, the leaves are large and thick, the stems are thick and even, the stems have no gas roots, no pests, the plant height is about 20cm, and the seedling age is 30~35d. Cut the seedling seedlings with scissors and keep 1 to 2 leaves at the bottom to facilitate sprouting. Before planting, use 500 times carbendazim wettable powder or 70% methyl thiophanate-like powder 700 times liquid to soak the base of the seedling for 15min to prevent black spot disease. After soaking the base of the seedling with 10% triazophos EC 500 times, the root of the seedling is 10min. To prevent stem nematode disease.
3.5 mulching film coverage
Covered with black plastic mulch after planting, reducing the amount of herbicides, avoiding the generation of adventitious roots in the middle and late stages of sweet potato growth, with the advantages of heat preservation, moisture retention, drought resistance, flood control, potato concentration, and good potato cake. Matters needing attention: Be sure to cover the film, side seedlings, and use soil to compact the film around to prevent high temperature baking and high wind film phenomenon.
3.6 Strengthening field management
3.6.1 In time to check the seedlings and make up the seedlings 3 to 5 days after the planting, the dead seedlings will be removed, and the seedlings will be replanted.
3.6.2 Watering in time for 3 weeks after planting in spring, two weeks after planting in summer, if it is dry early, it should be poured into the ditch. In the branching potato period, if it is special dry, water is poured again. Every time you water, don't let the water flow over the ridge. If it is not special dry early in the middle and late, you don't need to water it.
3.6.3 Early cultivating and weeding 2~3 times before arranging the ridges, loosen the soil and eliminate weeds. If there are too many weeds in the later stage, you can remove them manually and pay attention to protecting the stems.
3.6.4 Pay attention to the drainage, prevent excessive water in the soil in the field, cause poor ventilation, hinder the production of melons, and make the vines grow. Especially in the melon period, the accumulated water in the field exceeds 24 hours, and the yield is reduced by more than 30%. If it exceeds 3 days, it will cause rotten melon and even production. It is necessary to dig the drainage ditch in advance so that the rainwater can follow the road without accumulating water in the field.
3.6.5 Chemical regulation, to prevent the plots with good fertilizer and water conditions, in the middle of the growth period, in case of rainy weather, it is easy to occur. After 50 days of sweet potato planting (close to the ridge), the leaves should be sprayed with 5% uniconazole WP 1000-1600 times, and 100g 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution per acre to prevent stems and leaves from growing. The number of times of control depends on the growth of the plant and the ground force. Generally, the same plot should not exceed 3 times. Try not to spray the liquid to the surface.
3.6.6 Strengthen the control of pests and diseases Before planting, use the stem line, methyl thiophanate and carbendazim liquid to dip the base of the seedlings to prevent stem nematodes and black spot. In the middle and late stages, if there are harmful moths such as hawk moth, noctuid, and bridge worm, they can be controlled by pyrethroid pesticides.
3.6.7 Lifting the roots, it is strictly forbidden to turn the stems and leaves is the main organ for the production of nutrients, 90% of the dry matter is derived from the leaf surface (front) photosynthesis, and the vines are reduced by more than 10%, especially in the middle and late stages. The number of times can be reduced by more than 30%. If the cockroach is rooted, you can lift it, lift it and put it back in place.
3.6.8 Timely harvest is determined according to market demand, sweet potato production, sales price, overall benefit and other factors. Harvest time in southwestern Shandong is generally started before the frost falls. It is suitable to start harvesting at a daily average temperature of 15 °C. The harvest is basically over at a daily average temperature of 12 °C.
Sweet potato varieties, and planting process is simple, but still need to want to plant high-yielding potato growers carefully managed, so you more than the highest yields of sweet potato cultivation techniques remember collection yo!
D-tagatose is a rare natural monosaccharide, which is the ketose form of galactose and the epimer of fructose. The sweet characteristic is similar to sucrose, and the heat produced is only one third of sucrose, so it is called low calorie sweetener. Tagatose has excellent nutritional characteristics such as low caloric value, zero glycemic index, blood glucose passivation, caries free, prebiotic effect and Antioxidant activity. Tagatose has been approved by FDA as a pharmaceutical excipient for throat moistening tablets, over-the-counter diabetes cough syrup, chewable antibiotic tablets, non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and pediatric drugs. FDA Approves tagatose to replace sucrose and other sweeteners in toothpaste, mouthwash and cosmetics.
D-Tagatose Powder,Aspartame Powder,Erythritol Powder,Monk Fruit Extract
Xi'an Tian Guangyuan Biotech Co., Ltd. , https://www.tgybiotech.com