First, common types of wind disaster
There are four common types of wind hazards in Aksu, and the hazard levels increase gradually. Let's take a look at the common types of wind disasters.
1. The windstorm, which is mainly wind-sand, is a category of general disasters. It is a natural disaster that has the highest frequency in Akesu and a high proportion of the area affected by cotton;
2. The impact of wind and frost disasters is large, and the area affected by cotton often reaches more than 50%;
3. The windstorm with low temperature is a strong disaster. The cotton field will suffer from phenomena such as rotten seeding, bad shoots, and stubbornness in the large area. It will also result in weak seedlings and seedlings, which will lead to a severe lag in the birth process.
4. The storm associated with rainfall is a fatal disaster. Once this type of disaster occurs, it will lead to difficulty in seedling emergence and dead seedlings. Precipitation will occur frequently. The extent of damage to cotton fields with large salinity is generally between 40% and 65%. The rate can reach about 68%.
Second, preventive measures
(I) Improve the quality of sowing
1, improve the quality of soil preparation. After the site preparation, the ground surface is flat and the soil is finely crushed, so that the mulching between the mulch film and the surface after sowing is not easy to be blown by strong winds;
2, ensure the quality of sowing. When planting, it is necessary to lay the film flat and compact the membrane, prevent the wind from entering the ridge from the membrane side to lift the entire film; the third is that the casing is not deviated and the amount of earth covering is increased to suppress the membrane.
(B) to lay a windbreak
After sowing is completed, along the vertical ridge membrane surface of the film, every 5 to 10 meters pressure a wind small waist dam or waste plastic bag soil, every 5 to 10 meters neatly pressed on the membrane surface. The density of windproof small-diameter dams and plastic bags can be adjusted according to the actual situation. The density of sands and the density of cotton fields located at the tuyere can be appropriately large.
(III) Requirements for direction of film sowing
The direction of planting and filming at the place where the wind is frequently affected should be perpendicular to the wind direction so as to prevent the long-distance sand flow from damaging cotton seedlings. The use of vertical sowing to dust from the start to be blocked by the parsnip, cotton seedlings will not be continuous invasion of wind and sand.
(4) To tie up and use good windproof grass
According to many years of practical experience, parsnip is used to prevent the effect of wind-sanding on the cotton field, ie, cotton stalks, straw stalks, wheat stalks, corn stalks or reeds are bundled into wire rods or ropes into finished grass straws with a diameter of 30 cm and a length of 60 cm.
(five) pressing the ends of the drip irrigation belt
The drip irrigation belt must be compacted when the drip irrigation cotton field is planted. The specific method is to dig a small earth pit at both ends of the drip irrigation belt, bury the end of the drip irrigation belt in the pit, and use the foot to prevent the drip irrigation belt from being blown by the wind.
The Aksu region is both a cotton planting area and a region with frequent windstorms. Therefore, cotton farmers must pay attention and do a good job in preventing wind disasters in order to reduce the damage caused by the wind disaster on cotton production.
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