Glioblastoma is one of the most malignant tumors in human tumors. The average survival time of patients is only about 14 months. The recurrence rate of patients after conventional treatment is almost 100%. Recently, the Military Medical Research Institute of the Academy of Military Sciences, in collaboration with a number of scientific research units at home and abroad, successfully developed the Zika virus vaccine strain into a new oncolytic virus, opening a new direction for the clinical treatment of glioblastoma. The study was published online September 18, 2018 in the authoritative journal mBio of the American Society for Microbiology.
In 2017, the team of Qin Chengfeng of the Military Medical Research Institute and the partners found that Zika virus can specifically infect and kill neural precursor cells and neural stem cells, and thus developed different types of live attenuated Zika vaccine. Experiments have shown that the intracranial injection of the vaccine strain is also very safe, does not cause any neurological symptoms and behavioral abnormalities, and the neurotoxicity is lower than the currently widely used Japanese encephalitis vaccine.
On this basis, the researchers further evaluated the oncolytic activity of Zika vaccine strains on glioma stem cells at the cellular level. It was found that Zika vaccine strain can efficiently infect glioma stem cells and rapidly induce a large number of cell death and prevent tumor ball formation. More importantly, Zika vaccine strains only showed high killing effect on glioma stem cells, and the infection rate of differentiated glioma cells was very low, which could effectively avoid "injury" of normal brain cells.
Scientists analyzed that Zika virus-infected glioma stem cells can simultaneously activate the expression of a variety of key signaling molecules such as apoptosis-related proteins, inflammatory factors, and type I interferon-related genes, suggesting that the anti-tumor effect of Zika vaccine may be through Different signal paths are synergistically realized.
Source: Science Network
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