Symptoms mainly damage the immature spikes and stems of wheat, but also damage the leaves and leaf sheaths. Spike infection first occurs on the top or upper spikelets, and the dark brown spots appear on the glume. It then turns to white and spreads to the entire glume. It is covered with mycelium and black spots (conidia). The stem section is infected with brown lesions, which can invade the catheter and block it, causing distortion and twisting of the nodules. The upper stalk is broken and dies; the leaf is damaged by a long fusiform light brown spot, and then expands into an irregular shape. The spot has yellowish halos on the edges and the center is gray and white with dense black spots on it. The flag leaves are distorted and die. After the onset of leaf sheath yellow, so that the leaves early.
The pathogen Septoria nodorum Berk. is known as spores of the genus Aconitum, belonging to the fungus Aspergillus spp. The sexually active Leptosphaeria nodorum Mler, Phaeosphaeria nodorum E. Muler is an Ascomycete spp. Conidia dark brown, flat spherical, buried under the epidermis of the host, size 80-1141.88 - 15.4 (μm), slightly exposed. Conidia long columnar, slightly curved, colorless, unit cells, size 15-322-4 (μm), mature 1-3 separated. Sexual time has not been found in our country.
Transmission routes and conditions Winter wheat pathogens overwhelm the diseased body or attached to the seed, invade the wheat seedlings in the fall, and use the mycelia to overwinter on the diseased plants. In spring wheat area, conidia and mycelium were used for wintering on the sick and the conditions were favorable for the following year. Spring wheat was infested by conidia and spread by wind and rain. Infection temperature 10-25 °C, with 22-24 °C optimum, suitable temperature incubation period of 7-14 days. High temperature and rain conditions are conducive to the occurrence and spread of oleous blight. Lian Tian was seriously ill. Spring wheat sowing late, partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, delayed development of aggravated disease. The use of diseased seeds and decomposed organic fertilizers have resulted in severe disease.
Control methods (1) Use disease-free seeds. Seedlings in wheat field can not be preserved. (2) Remove the body of the disease, and after the harvest, deep plowing will not occur. Eradication of self-producing wheat seedlings, pressing down the summer and wintering bacteria source for more than two years of rotation. Spring wheat is sowed early in time, applying fully decomposed organic fertilizer, increasing phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and adopting formula fertilization technology to enhance plant disease resistance. (3) Chemical control Seed treatment Seed soaking with 500% solution of 500% liquid for 5 hours (carbendazim: thiram is 1:1) for 48 hours or 50% carbendazim wettable powder, 70% thiophanate methosulfuron ( Mito City, Tianjin) Wettable powder, 40% double seed wettable powder, seed dressing 0.2%. Can also be used 25% triadimefon (triadimefon) wet powder 75g mixed boring 100kg or 0.03% triadimenol (oxygenin) (active ingredient) seed dressing, 0.15% thiabendazole (preferred) (active ingredient) Seed dressing. In severe areas, spray 70% mancozeb wettable powder 600 times or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 800-1000 times, 1:1∶400 times Bordeaux mixture, 25% benomyl in wheat heading stage Emulsion 800-1000 times, 25% propiconazole (enemydrone) EC 2000 times, every 15-20 days once, spray 1-3 times.
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