(a) Management
1. The temperature difference between day and night
The early spring season is prone to diarrhea, an objective reason is the large temperature difference between day and night, especially the cement floor easy to make the abdomen of piglets cold, induced gastrointestinal motility and even phlegm, causing diarrhea. When the temperature difference between day and night in the house exceeds 10°C, the diarrhea rate increases by 25%-30%, and the environment with high humidity will significantly increase the diarrhea rate. Wooden floor and floor temperature do not keep warm
Loss is a good strategy for counteracting drastic changes in temperature, and small-scale farming can also be considered when necessary.
2. Eating too much or not enough
In early spring, the temperature is low. To maintain body temperature, piglets instinctively increase feed intake, increase body heat and maintain body temperature, resulting in malabsorptive diarrhea in piglets. The newly weaned piglets, affected by weaning stress, reduced feed intake and even refused to feed, causing hunger diarrhea.
3. Effect of supplementation before weaning
It is recommended that at least 600 g of piglet feed be supplemented per head before weaning so that the function of the gastrointestinal digestive system of the piglets before weaning can be strengthened to adapt to feed intake, especially plant feed, after weaning, and to establish tolerance to crude protein in feeds. Reduce dietary antigen allergy.
4. Effects of sows
The sow's poor body quality also affects the constitution of the piglets born and is prone to diarrhea. In addition, a decrease in the sow’s constitution may affect milk quality and have a significant effect on diarrhea in suckling piglets.
(ii) Diets
Autumn is the harvest season for new materials, including new corn and new soybeans. The pros and cons of knowing new ingredients are important for reducing diarrhea in the fall of piglets.
New corn
The new corn has high moisture content, and because the main producing areas are in the north, the weather is cold at the time of harvest, which makes the moisture more (usually 20%-30%). The maturity of new corn is mainly due to the different pollination times at the top and base of the same ear, which makes the top grain often immature. It is necessary to consider the factors that lead to diarrhea in piglets caused by resistant starch in new corn, and the drying and drying of new corn will increase the resistant starch due to starch degeneration and will affect the digestibility.
2. Beans products
It is well known that unprocessed or simply processed soybeans contain growth inhibitory factors including protease inhibitors, phytohemagglutinins, goitogenic factors, saponin and phytic acid. Soybean/bean meal contains some sugars that are not easily digested. These sugars are difficult to be digested by the animal's body, thus reducing the absorption of nutrients by the piglets and causing diarrhea. At the same time, soybean antigens also cause allergic reactions in pigs.
There are different ways to deal with these specific anti-nutritional factors, including:
1 Heat curing
Soybeans were treated with 65%-70% hot ethanol (78°C) and their antigenic effects were greatly reduced.
2 Hydrolysis treatment
After soybean hydrolyzed, the molecular weight of soybean protein decreased significantly. By adjusting the pH and precipitating proteins, the soluble oligosaccharides, soapslips and phytate are removed. The resulting product is the soy protein isolate.
3 Fermentation
Fermented soybean meal utilizes beneficial microorganisms to ferment low-value soybean meal, in addition to a variety of anti-nutritional factors, and at the same time produces microbial proteins that enrich and balance various nutrients therein.
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