I. The vitality of the lobster in the breeding ground is extremely strong. It can make full use of ponds, rice fields, and some wasteland and pit ponds for aquaculture. The area is suitable for 2001 to 3335m2. Due to the habit of burrowing holes in the shrimp, the depth of the cave is generally 50-80cm, and the depth of some caves is more than 1m. To avoid escaping from the burrows, the acreage around the aquaculture water should be more than 1.5m, and it should be set on all sides. 0.5m high anti-escape wall or anti-runboard with smooth inner wall, built up injection and drainage system. At the same time, several mud louses should be built in the middle of the pond. The loach should not be connected to the ponds. The length of the loach must be about 4/5 of the pool length, more than lm, and 5-10 cm above the water surface, creating a cave for the lobsters. Place. The depth of the pool should be 0.5-1m, preferably in the middle of the water, surrounded by shallows. Roots, bamboo tubes, etc. are placed at the bottom of the pool and the water surface is raised to raise water plants.
2, stocking preparation
(1) Pond finishing Before the shrimp enters the pond, it is necessary to carefully ponder, remove silt and flatten the bottom of the pool so that the pool bottom and the pool wall have good water retention performance and minimize water leakage. The pool embankment must have a certain slope. Where conditions permit, digging a ditch in the middle of the bottom of the pool or digging a ditch around the bottom of the ditch can be helpful for the cultivation and management of early shrimp seedlings and the convenience of capture.
(2) Disinfection of clear ponds The disinfection work of clear ponds directly affects the survival rate and aquaculture production of shrimps. The commonly used methods are:
1 quicklime disinfection: There are two kinds of dry disinfection and water disinfection. Dry disinfection, 60-80 kg of lime per acre, Quanchiposa, and after 3-5 days of drying ponds, pour new water; with water disinfection, 1 meter depth per acre, with fresh lime 125-150 In kilograms, after the fresh lime is dissolved in water, the entire pool is sprayed evenly. 2 bleaching powder disinfection: the bleaching powder after melting, Quanchiposa, the amount of 7 kg per acre, bleaching fine halved. 3 Trichlorfon disinfection: 500 grams of crystals of trichlorfon per acre of water, plus 50 grams of enemies.
(3) Inflow and fertilization When injecting new water, it should be filtered to prevent wild fish and fish eggs from entering the pool with water. At the same time, fertilization cultivated plankton and became a direct natural feed for shrimp. The commonly used amount of organic fertilizer is 75-100 kg per mu, so that the water has a certain amount of fat. At this time, the water level is shallow. With the deepening of the water, it is necessary to gradually increase the amount of fertilizer. It depends on the color.
(4) Planting aquatic lobsters are omnivorous. Although they are animal-oriented, they also eat water grass to feed their hunger in case of insufficient animal feed. The plants that lobsters feed on include Vallisneria, Hydrilla verticillata, Eichhornia crassipes, Water Lilies, and Alternanthera philoxeroides (water peanut). Aquatic grasses are also an ideal place for hidden and inhabited shrimps, as well as a good place for shrimps. Raising shrimp in ponds with many aquatic plants has a high survival rate.
3, juvenile shrimp stocking
(1) Quality requirements for stocked fry seedlings 1 Specification tidy fry seedlings are required to be above 0.8 cm and shrimp species size is 2.5-3 cm. Shrimp or shrimp species stocked in the same pond require the same specifications and one foot at a time. 2 The healthy shrimps and shrimps with strong physique should have strong vitality, complete appendages, no disease, no injury, and strong ability to resist drought. They will not die for a long time after leaving the water. 3Wild shrimp species should be cultivated artificially by domesticated shrimp species. If wild shrimp species are purchased, they must be artificially domesticated for a period of time before they are stocked to avoid mutual killing and improve the survival rate of stocking.
(2) Delivery methods and precautions The juveniles are generally released in May. The juveniles can be put into plastic basins. A small amount of water is added to the basins slowly until the water temperature in the basin is close to the water in the basin, and the water in the basin is added. 3% a 4% salt soaking bath about 5 minutes disinfection, and then slowly release the pool along the edge of the pool, pay attention to avoid exposure when stocking. In general, 1-1.5 million tails or 80-120 kg/mu of juvenile shrimp can be stocked in 3 cm, and 50-100 fish tails/mu can be mixed in order to regulate water quality. In this way, the shrimp production can reach 400-600kg, and the benefit is about 1,000 yuan/mu. For example, when shrimps are purchased from overseas, the long time away from the water, some shrimp even appear coma, should be raised in the basin for 20 minutes and then put in, can improve the survival rate.
4. Feeding lobsters in feeds is omnivorous, especially animal feeds, and lobsters are greedy and have large food intakes. Attention should be paid to feeding methods. Shrimp aquaculture can be directly fed minced rice bran, bean cake, bran, mixed fish, snail meat, silkworm cocoon, clams, slaughterhouse leftovers or compound feed, etc., to keep the feed protein content of about 25%, daily feed It is 4-10% of shrimp body weight, and it adjusts according to season, weather, water quality, shrimp physiological condition. From April to September, the water temperature is appropriate. It is a period of high growth of shrimps. Usually it is fed 2-3 times a day. The time is from 9 to 10 am and before or after sunset, and the daily feed is 5-8% of the body weight of the shrimp. Each season can be fed once per person, before and after sunset, or on the next day according to feeding conditions: feed once a day, daily feed for shrimp; weight 1-3%. Feed feeding should pay attention to when the weather is fine, and more investment, high temperature hot and humid, continuous cloudy or rainy days or less water quality is too thick; a lot of shrimp oyster shell less vote, after the oyster shell more vote.
During the cultivation, fertilizer should be applied timely. Usually 5-7 days after juveniles are released. Fermentable livestock manure 50-60kg/mu. From late June to mid-August, the main organic fertilizer is applied. The frequency and quantity of fertilizer shall be based on appropriate water color and transparency. The water color is bean green or tea brown, and the transparency is 30-40 cm. The water quality should not be too fat, otherwise it is easy to lack. Oxygen floating head.
Specifically speaking. Should grasp the following points:
(1) According to the nutritional needs of different growth stages of lobsters, a good combination of bait and young shrimp and shrimp species should be adopted. They mainly eat rotifers, cladocera, copepods, and aquatic insect larvae. Therefore, basal fertilizers should be applied and timely. Top dressing, cultivating a large number of rotifers, cladocera, copepods and aquatic insect larvae, for juvenile shrimp and shrimp species prey. At the same time supplemented by artificial feeding. In August and September, when the lobster grows rapidly, it should be fed with wheat bran, bean cake and tender green feed, pumpkin, hawthorn and melon skin, supplemented by animal food. May and June are the key stages of gonads development in lobster broodstock, and in August and September, lobsters will accumulate nutrient preparations for the wintering period. At this time, more animal feeds such as fish, snail meat, clams, and slaughterhouses should be fed. The animal's leftovers, etc., so as to fully meet the nutritional requirements of lobster growth and development.
(2) According to the feeding characteristics of lobsters, scientific feeding lobsters have the habit of nocturnal outbreaks. At night, they come out for food. The lobsters also have the characteristics of bulimia and competing for food. Therefore, in the feeding of bait, it is usually possible to vote every day. Feed 2 times, mainly in the evening, and the feeding amount should account for 70% of the total feeding amount. Lobster swimming ability is poor, the range of activities is small, and has the habit of occupying land, so the feeding of feedstuffs should adopt the method of qualitative, quantitative, timing, and fixed point, feeding evenly, so that each shrimp can eat Avoid competition for food and promote balanced growth.
2, stocking preparation
(1) Pond finishing Before the shrimp enters the pond, it is necessary to carefully ponder, remove silt and flatten the bottom of the pool so that the pool bottom and the pool wall have good water retention performance and minimize water leakage. The pool embankment must have a certain slope. Where conditions permit, digging a ditch in the middle of the bottom of the pool or digging a ditch around the bottom of the ditch can be helpful for the cultivation and management of early shrimp seedlings and the convenience of capture.
(2) Disinfection of clear ponds The disinfection work of clear ponds directly affects the survival rate and aquaculture production of shrimps. The commonly used methods are:
1 quicklime disinfection: There are two kinds of dry disinfection and water disinfection. Dry disinfection, 60-80 kg of lime per acre, Quanchiposa, and after 3-5 days of drying ponds, pour new water; with water disinfection, 1 meter depth per acre, with fresh lime 125-150 In kilograms, after the fresh lime is dissolved in water, the entire pool is sprayed evenly. 2 bleaching powder disinfection: the bleaching powder after melting, Quanchiposa, the amount of 7 kg per acre, bleaching fine halved. 3 Trichlorfon disinfection: 500 grams of crystals of trichlorfon per acre of water, plus 50 grams of enemies.
(3) Inflow and fertilization When injecting new water, it should be filtered to prevent wild fish and fish eggs from entering the pool with water. At the same time, fertilization cultivated plankton and became a direct natural feed for shrimp. The commonly used amount of organic fertilizer is 75-100 kg per mu, so that the water has a certain amount of fat. At this time, the water level is shallow. With the deepening of the water, it is necessary to gradually increase the amount of fertilizer. It depends on the color.
(4) Planting aquatic lobsters are omnivorous. Although they are animal-oriented, they also eat water grass to feed their hunger in case of insufficient animal feed. The plants that lobsters feed on include Vallisneria, Hydrilla verticillata, Eichhornia crassipes, Water Lilies, and Alternanthera philoxeroides (water peanut). Aquatic grasses are also an ideal place for hidden and inhabited shrimps, as well as a good place for shrimps. Raising shrimp in ponds with many aquatic plants has a high survival rate.
3, juvenile shrimp stocking
(1) Quality requirements for stocked fry seedlings 1 Specification tidy fry seedlings are required to be above 0.8 cm and shrimp species size is 2.5-3 cm. Shrimp or shrimp species stocked in the same pond require the same specifications and one foot at a time. 2 The healthy shrimps and shrimps with strong physique should have strong vitality, complete appendages, no disease, no injury, and strong ability to resist drought. They will not die for a long time after leaving the water. 3Wild shrimp species should be cultivated artificially by domesticated shrimp species. If wild shrimp species are purchased, they must be artificially domesticated for a period of time before they are stocked to avoid mutual killing and improve the survival rate of stocking.
(2) Delivery methods and precautions The juveniles are generally released in May. The juveniles can be put into plastic basins. A small amount of water is added to the basins slowly until the water temperature in the basin is close to the water in the basin, and the water in the basin is added. 3% a 4% salt soaking bath about 5 minutes disinfection, and then slowly release the pool along the edge of the pool, pay attention to avoid exposure when stocking. In general, 1-1.5 million tails or 80-120 kg/mu of juvenile shrimp can be stocked in 3 cm, and 50-100 fish tails/mu can be mixed in order to regulate water quality. In this way, the shrimp production can reach 400-600kg, and the benefit is about 1,000 yuan/mu. For example, when shrimps are purchased from overseas, the long time away from the water, some shrimp even appear coma, should be raised in the basin for 20 minutes and then put in, can improve the survival rate.
4. Feeding lobsters in feeds is omnivorous, especially animal feeds, and lobsters are greedy and have large food intakes. Attention should be paid to feeding methods. Shrimp aquaculture can be directly fed minced rice bran, bean cake, bran, mixed fish, snail meat, silkworm cocoon, clams, slaughterhouse leftovers or compound feed, etc., to keep the feed protein content of about 25%, daily feed It is 4-10% of shrimp body weight, and it adjusts according to season, weather, water quality, shrimp physiological condition. From April to September, the water temperature is appropriate. It is a period of high growth of shrimps. Usually it is fed 2-3 times a day. The time is from 9 to 10 am and before or after sunset, and the daily feed is 5-8% of the body weight of the shrimp. Each season can be fed once per person, before and after sunset, or on the next day according to feeding conditions: feed once a day, daily feed for shrimp; weight 1-3%. Feed feeding should pay attention to when the weather is fine, and more investment, high temperature hot and humid, continuous cloudy or rainy days or less water quality is too thick; a lot of shrimp oyster shell less vote, after the oyster shell more vote.
During the cultivation, fertilizer should be applied timely. Usually 5-7 days after juveniles are released. Fermentable livestock manure 50-60kg/mu. From late June to mid-August, the main organic fertilizer is applied. The frequency and quantity of fertilizer shall be based on appropriate water color and transparency. The water color is bean green or tea brown, and the transparency is 30-40 cm. The water quality should not be too fat, otherwise it is easy to lack. Oxygen floating head.
Specifically speaking. Should grasp the following points:
(1) According to the nutritional needs of different growth stages of lobsters, a good combination of bait and young shrimp and shrimp species should be adopted. They mainly eat rotifers, cladocera, copepods, and aquatic insect larvae. Therefore, basal fertilizers should be applied and timely. Top dressing, cultivating a large number of rotifers, cladocera, copepods and aquatic insect larvae, for juvenile shrimp and shrimp species prey. At the same time supplemented by artificial feeding. In August and September, when the lobster grows rapidly, it should be fed with wheat bran, bean cake and tender green feed, pumpkin, hawthorn and melon skin, supplemented by animal food. May and June are the key stages of gonads development in lobster broodstock, and in August and September, lobsters will accumulate nutrient preparations for the wintering period. At this time, more animal feeds such as fish, snail meat, clams, and slaughterhouses should be fed. The animal's leftovers, etc., so as to fully meet the nutritional requirements of lobster growth and development.
(2) According to the feeding characteristics of lobsters, scientific feeding lobsters have the habit of nocturnal outbreaks. At night, they come out for food. The lobsters also have the characteristics of bulimia and competing for food. Therefore, in the feeding of bait, it is usually possible to vote every day. Feed 2 times, mainly in the evening, and the feeding amount should account for 70% of the total feeding amount. Lobster swimming ability is poor, the range of activities is small, and has the habit of occupying land, so the feeding of feedstuffs should adopt the method of qualitative, quantitative, timing, and fixed point, feeding evenly, so that each shrimp can eat Avoid competition for food and promote balanced growth.
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