The genus Perilla is a perennial herbaceous or semi-shrub flower, which is a new species of flower that has emerged in the domestic landscape gardening market in recent years. Because most varieties have a blue flower heart and the traits are blue eyes, they are named. About 50 species belong to this genus, because most of the species are native to South Africa and are also known as South African marigolds and cape daisies.
Plant characters are elliptical or lanceolate, many pairs of leaves, and some species have serrated leaves. The leaf color is mostly green, and the leaves of a few varieties have colorful spots. The head is solitary on the top of the stem or forms a cyme, with a flower diameter of 5 cm to 7 cm. The outer rayed ray flowers have only pistil, single flowers, most of which are flat petals, and a few species have a spoon-shaped petal, and the colors are white, cream, purple, pink, purple, and yellow. Heart flowers are fake and sex, tubular. The center of the disk is usually blue or purple, like an "eye", resembling a "blue eye."
Blue Chrysanthemum can be divided into cold-resistant type and semi-cold-resistant type according to cold resistance. Semi-cold-resistance varieties can withstand 2°C below zero, can't be exposed to winter, can withstand light frost, and do one or two years of cultivation in cold regions. Plants of cold-resistant varieties grow and bloom once a year.
The new varieties of blue-eyeful chrysanthemum are mainly cultivated by foreign breeding companies and have a wide variety of flowers. They are widely used in potted plants for ornamental viewing and landscaping in Europe and the United States. In recent years, the Jiangsu Dafeng Potted Flower Research Institute and the Beijing Institute of Garden Science have also conducted breeding research.
The blue-eyed chrysanthemum dwarf cultivars have compact plants, large flowers, beautiful flowers, and long flowering periods. They can be used as potted or container-combined potted plants; they have strong resistance to stress, simple management, and multiple flowering. They can be planted to arrange flower beds, rockery stones, and gardens. Large area of ​​greenery.
Seedling production sowing time from November to next January.
Plug specifications 200, 128 or larger. The substrate is clean and well drained. The pH is between 6.2 and 6.5.
The temperature during the germination period was maintained at 20°C to 25°C and gradually decreased to 15°C to 18°C ​​after germination. From the late stage of seedling rearing or from the upper basin to the beginning of flowering, the plants must undergo a period of low temperature from 5°C to 8°C, which is conducive to smooth flower bud differentiation and flowering.
Light illumination of around 1000 lux facilitates neat germination. After emergence, illumination should gradually increase to 25,000 Lux to 30,000 lux.
Water management In addition to the germination stage and the beginning of the upper basin, the substrate was kept dry, ventilation and light were strengthened, and the resistance of the plants was enhanced.
Fertilizer seedlings special fertilizer 20-10-20 and 14-0-14 alternate spraying, the initial nitrogen concentration of 50ppm to 75ppm, late 100ppm to 120ppm. Control the application of ammonium nitrogen fertilizer when the plants show an improbable state.
Growth regulation In the case of a reasonable level of temperature, light, and humidity, the growth of blue-eyeful chrysanthemum plants is relatively robust, with few leggy phenomena occurring. Under special circumstances, plant height control may be performed with B9 or PP333 during the period of rapid growth of true leaves in order to avoid excessive growth of some varieties of plants.
Finished flower production Plug seedlings can be planted directly or planted in pots.
The potted substrate peat, vermiculite and garden soil were mixed in a certain proportion. Pure use of garden soil, potted growth is slow, the production cycle to extend for a week or two, can be mixed with slow release fertilizer as a base fertilizer. Ground cultivation is low-lying.
Temperatures can grow from minus 2°C to 30°C. With the increase of temperature, the production cycle of potted flowers is shortened, the high temperatures above 30 °C will shorten the flowering period of single flowers, and the ornamental quality will decline. At the temperature of 5 °C to 25 °C, the flowering quality of the plants will be the best.
Light can receive as much natural light as possible, which is good for beautiful colors.
The first time the water is managed on the basin or after the ground is planted, the water must be thoroughly immersed, and then the substrate is kept dry, which is more tolerant to drought and water in the rhizosphere.
Fertilizer application of soil fertilizer, spraying phosphorus and potassium fertilizer before flowering, is conducive to beautiful flowers. Soil water or lack of iron, magnesium and other elements, easily lead to chlorosis between the yellow veins, can be applied to the soil or foliar spray containing iron, magnesium water-soluble fertilizer.
Diseases and insect pests prevent the environment from being confined and high temperatures can cause aphids, which can be enhanced by ventilation and temperature reduction. Insect pests should be sprayed with 1200-fold solution of imidacloprid, and the back of the leaves should be sprayed. Soil water is prone to root rot, which can be reduced by improving soil permeability, controlling watering, and preventing stagnant water.
Flowering management flowering period as far as possible without fertilization, residual flowers do not need trimming, unless to take pruning measures to reduce plant height, and then timely supplement fertilizer, about 6 weeks to re flower.
Plant characters are elliptical or lanceolate, many pairs of leaves, and some species have serrated leaves. The leaf color is mostly green, and the leaves of a few varieties have colorful spots. The head is solitary on the top of the stem or forms a cyme, with a flower diameter of 5 cm to 7 cm. The outer rayed ray flowers have only pistil, single flowers, most of which are flat petals, and a few species have a spoon-shaped petal, and the colors are white, cream, purple, pink, purple, and yellow. Heart flowers are fake and sex, tubular. The center of the disk is usually blue or purple, like an "eye", resembling a "blue eye."
Blue Chrysanthemum can be divided into cold-resistant type and semi-cold-resistant type according to cold resistance. Semi-cold-resistance varieties can withstand 2°C below zero, can't be exposed to winter, can withstand light frost, and do one or two years of cultivation in cold regions. Plants of cold-resistant varieties grow and bloom once a year.
The new varieties of blue-eyeful chrysanthemum are mainly cultivated by foreign breeding companies and have a wide variety of flowers. They are widely used in potted plants for ornamental viewing and landscaping in Europe and the United States. In recent years, the Jiangsu Dafeng Potted Flower Research Institute and the Beijing Institute of Garden Science have also conducted breeding research.
The blue-eyed chrysanthemum dwarf cultivars have compact plants, large flowers, beautiful flowers, and long flowering periods. They can be used as potted or container-combined potted plants; they have strong resistance to stress, simple management, and multiple flowering. They can be planted to arrange flower beds, rockery stones, and gardens. Large area of ​​greenery.
Seedling production sowing time from November to next January.
Plug specifications 200, 128 or larger. The substrate is clean and well drained. The pH is between 6.2 and 6.5.
The temperature during the germination period was maintained at 20°C to 25°C and gradually decreased to 15°C to 18°C ​​after germination. From the late stage of seedling rearing or from the upper basin to the beginning of flowering, the plants must undergo a period of low temperature from 5°C to 8°C, which is conducive to smooth flower bud differentiation and flowering.
Light illumination of around 1000 lux facilitates neat germination. After emergence, illumination should gradually increase to 25,000 Lux to 30,000 lux.
Water management In addition to the germination stage and the beginning of the upper basin, the substrate was kept dry, ventilation and light were strengthened, and the resistance of the plants was enhanced.
Fertilizer seedlings special fertilizer 20-10-20 and 14-0-14 alternate spraying, the initial nitrogen concentration of 50ppm to 75ppm, late 100ppm to 120ppm. Control the application of ammonium nitrogen fertilizer when the plants show an improbable state.
Growth regulation In the case of a reasonable level of temperature, light, and humidity, the growth of blue-eyeful chrysanthemum plants is relatively robust, with few leggy phenomena occurring. Under special circumstances, plant height control may be performed with B9 or PP333 during the period of rapid growth of true leaves in order to avoid excessive growth of some varieties of plants.
Finished flower production Plug seedlings can be planted directly or planted in pots.
The potted substrate peat, vermiculite and garden soil were mixed in a certain proportion. Pure use of garden soil, potted growth is slow, the production cycle to extend for a week or two, can be mixed with slow release fertilizer as a base fertilizer. Ground cultivation is low-lying.
Temperatures can grow from minus 2°C to 30°C. With the increase of temperature, the production cycle of potted flowers is shortened, the high temperatures above 30 °C will shorten the flowering period of single flowers, and the ornamental quality will decline. At the temperature of 5 °C to 25 °C, the flowering quality of the plants will be the best.
Light can receive as much natural light as possible, which is good for beautiful colors.
The first time the water is managed on the basin or after the ground is planted, the water must be thoroughly immersed, and then the substrate is kept dry, which is more tolerant to drought and water in the rhizosphere.
Fertilizer application of soil fertilizer, spraying phosphorus and potassium fertilizer before flowering, is conducive to beautiful flowers. Soil water or lack of iron, magnesium and other elements, easily lead to chlorosis between the yellow veins, can be applied to the soil or foliar spray containing iron, magnesium water-soluble fertilizer.
Diseases and insect pests prevent the environment from being confined and high temperatures can cause aphids, which can be enhanced by ventilation and temperature reduction. Insect pests should be sprayed with 1200-fold solution of imidacloprid, and the back of the leaves should be sprayed. Soil water is prone to root rot, which can be reduced by improving soil permeability, controlling watering, and preventing stagnant water.
Flowering management flowering period as far as possible without fertilization, residual flowers do not need trimming, unless to take pruning measures to reduce plant height, and then timely supplement fertilizer, about 6 weeks to re flower.
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