Miao Dingmiao. Asked for early seedlings, dilute seedlings. The principle of mastering is to stay thin and thin, stay weak and strong, and adjust the distance between the plants to maintain uniformity. Usually two sub-seedlings, the first time when the first true leaf appears after the seedlings, the leaves do not overlap between the leaves; the second time the seedlings in the second true leaf occurs. In the three-leaf stage, the seedling density will be determined according to the late sowing of the rapeseed, the age of the seedlings, and the growth condition of the seedlings, generally keeping the seedling distance at 7 to 10 cm. A small amount of seed can be planted only once.
Early application, Shizuo Miao. Tests have shown that 15 days of nitrogen deficiency at seedling stage or 25 days of phosphorus deficiency will reduce the yield of rapeseed by 27.4% and 27.1%, respectively. After 5 days of transplanting, top dressing will increase yield by 24.3% per acre over 20 days after transplanting. In dry areas and years, fertilization should be carried out in combination with watering, that is, top dressing with water and fertilizer with water. The amount of fertilizer used at the seedling stage should account for about 40% of the total amount of fertilizer. On the basis of applying base fertilizer, topdressing nitrogen fertilizer such as urea twice. For transplanting rapeseed, in addition to topdressing nitrogen fertilizer twice, topdressing with wax fertilizer should also be followed. For live rapeseed, the fertilizer should be top-dressed once during the first time and after the first seedlings. In addition to topdressing N fertilizers, it is also necessary to pay attention to topdressing phosphate fertilizers. Phosphorus deficiency can affect flower bud differentiation and root development. In addition, attention should be paid to the supply of boron fertilizer during the seedling stage.
Drought resistant drainage. Autumn and winter more drought, when the relative humidity of the soil (maximum field water capacity) is less than 70%, the lower leaves of the rape are red, the whole plant dark green luster, or wilting leaves at noon, should be immediately irrigated, drought-promoting early-onset. When the drought is light, it can be combined with straw seedlings and watered to resist drought. When the drought is severe, furrow irrigation can be carried out. The number of waterings should be based on the seedling condition and the soil texture. It also depends on the regional conditions. In autumn and winter and after returning green, it should be watered 5 to 6 times. When flooding, avoid flood irrigation, so as to avoid flooding rape, soil compaction, affecting the development of the roots, the formation of stiff seedlings does not occur.
Rilled soil. The cultivating loose soil should master the principles of early soil loosening and ground loosening, and should be matched with measures such as fertilizing and rooting. The time, number, and depth of cultivating loose soil should be based on the growth of rape, soil conditions, climate characteristics and weed growth. For live rapeseed, two or three true leaves appear after the whole seedlings, and the first cultivator is combined with the seedlings and the top dressing. When there are 4 to 5 true leaves, the second cultivator is combined with the fixed seedlings and the top dressing, and then at low temperatures. Cultivate again before coming. For transplanting rapeseed, the first cultivating should be carried out in combination with topdressing after the seedlings are returned to green. In addition, after each watering and rainfall, cultivator loosening should also be carried out in due course. The depth of the cultivator should be shallow and deep first, avoid excessive rooting, that is, the first cultivator shallow, the second, the third cultivator deep. Paddy field can be slightly cultivated in rapeseed, prosperous rape cultivator should also be properly deepened, in order to cut off part of the root system, control the growth of aboveground parts, so that seedlings become strong seedlings. However, in winter when it is cold, it is generally not suitable for deep cultivating in order to prevent freezing and moisturizing. When cultivating loose soil, it is necessary to pay attention to the roots of cultivated earth to enhance the cold resistance of rapeseed.
In China, nervous system drugs are also one of the drugs with the most rapid sales growth in recent years. In 2002, nervous system drugs occupied 5.9% of the entire pharmaceutical market share, and the total sales amount increased by 9.4%.
With the increasing trend of urbanization and aging, the elderly population in China has exceeded 120 million, and the incidence of geriatric diseases, especially mental diseases, is increasing year by year. With the increase of residents' income, the elderly's requirements for quality of life also increase. As a result, the demand for drugs to treat mental illnesses such as Alzheimer's has soared. In WHO drug classification, psychotropic drugs and nootropic drugs are grouped into one class. We briefly analyzed the development trend of this class of drugs through the clinical drug use data collected from more than 300 domestic key hospitals by Chinese Pharmaceutical Association.
The overall market size of this class of drugs is about 1.22 billion yuan, the consumption sum increased by 5.0% in 2002, but the sales quantity increased by 11.2%. The main reason why the consumption sum did not increase with the sales quantity is that several main varieties of this class of drugs, such as piracetam, cobalt bin amide and ginkgo biloba leaf, etc. In 2002, the price of selling units fell sharply due to bidding. Among these drugs, ginkgo biloba preparation occupies the largest market share, accounting for more than 1/3 of the market share, ganglioside ester and cobalt bin amide combined also occupy nearly 1/3 of the market share, piracetam and other "sitan" drugs occupy nearly 10% of the market share, the rest of the drugs occupy less than 5% of the market share. At present, more than 20 ginkgo leaf production enterprises, piracetam production enterprises more than 70, have entered the stage of price competition, profit repeatedly diluted.
In the first-line varieties, except ginkgo biloba leaves preparation maintained vigorous vitality, the growth of other varieties were weak, especially the traditional variety piracetam suffered from bidding
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