Rice water-saving cultivation techniques
Rice has the dual adaptability to both grow in flooded environment and grow in moist fields. The demand for water includes tillage water demand, ecological water demand and physiological water demand. Physiological water requirement is the water needed for rice to maintain the water balance and photosynthesis in rice. Although the water demand for farming and ecological water demand are related to physiological water demand, it can reduce the need for farming and ecological water under certain conditions, and it can also satisfy rice. Normal physiological water requirements ensure normal plant growth and development. Different growth stages of rice have different requirements for physiological water requirements, and the lack of water in the key water requirement period will have a major impact on the yield. The rice water-saving irrigation technology aims to optimize the physiological water requirement of rice, minimize the evaporation and leakage, and artificially control the useless water, make full use of natural rainfall, and combine meteorological, soil, fertilizer, and agricultural measures to implement efficient water management in the field. The rate of increase of water production efficiency.
With continuous drought for many years, most of the reservoirs in the reservoir are seriously deficient, which will have a serious impact on rice cultivation in the 2012 spring. For this reason, the water saving cultivation techniques for rice are summarized as follows:
1. Controlled Irrigation Techniques of Rice: Controlled irrigation of rice refers to transplanting to the turning green stage, and the field surface is kept in a shallow water layer of 0.5-2.5 cm. After turning green, no water layer is established on the field surface. According to the characteristics of physiological and ecological water demand of rice, soil moisture content as a control index (control soil moisture in the plough layer 60-80%), determine the irrigation time and irrigation quota, promote and control the growth of rice, greatly reduce the physiological ecology of rice Water demand.
2. Irrigation Technique of Film-covered Dryland Irrigation: Rice-covered dryland irrigation refers to the dry film and mulch-based irrigation. After transplanting, the film is covered with dry pipe, and no water layer is established in the entire field field.
3, rice shallow wet irrigation technology: Rice shallow wet irrigation that is shallow water and wet alternately alternating, timely dry, shallow wet, dry and flexible adjustment of an intermittent irrigation mode. The main points of operation are as follows: 1 Shallow water ground irrigation promotes greening and tillering, and the depth of water layer is 0.5-3 cm. 2 In the late period of time, the field is dried in time. When the number of stems reached 80% of effective panicles, the fields were drained for 7-10 days so that the moisture content in the plough layer was not less than 65% of the field water capacity. 3 jointing booting intermittent irrigation. The depth of the water layer is 3 cm deep after each irrigation, and the water is recharged 3-4 days after the water is depleted. 4 heading flowering and wet ripe irrigation. Each time the irrigation water layer is 2 cm deep, the water is drained 3-4 days after it is depleted. 5 The yellow maturation period will naturally dry out and drain in case of rain. Can save water 10% -30%.
4. Shallow Wet Control Techniques for Rice Irrigation: Rice Shallow Moisture Regulated Irrigation combines scientifically the three methods of shallow water, moist and intermittent irrigation. According to the water demand characteristics and growth patterns of rice, it is proposed that “the thin water plants and the inch water The principles of turning green, shallow water accelerating, seedling-planting, short-term wet, long- ear, moist grouting, and yellow-sowing dry-drying are used to control the upper limit of the paddy field water level and the lower limit of the soil water content in the rice root layer. Mastering the practice of “afterwater not seeing before water, making full use of rainwater, and irrigating according to indicators†can determine irrigation at all stages of rice growth. Except transplanting to the shallow water layer that maintains 2-3 centimeters in the early period of tillering and from booting to heading and flowering, the upper irrigation limit of other growth periods is 2-3 cm, and the lower limit index is 70%-80% of saturated soil moisture content, generally after irrigation. Re-irrigation at intervals of 4-6 days. Http://
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