Summer corn "fertilizer and sowing" can improve fertilization accuracy and fertilizer utilization, save labor and time and effort, can greatly improve the efficiency of farming, promote Miao Qi Miao, and increase production. In the past two years, the area of ​​seed and fertilizer has become more and more popular. However, in the production, there are constantly cases of burning seedlings and even destroying the seeds. To this end, the farmers are reminded to pay attention to them.
1. Fertilizer suitable for seed fertilizer
Summer corn is a high-nitrogen, high-potassium, medium-phosphorus crop, and the nitrogen content in the compound fertilizer should be above 26%. The fertilizer should use a compound fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, preferably a controlled release fertilizer. How much nutrients need to be released for corn growth, and can also reduce burning and burning.
The following are not suitable for seed fertilizer:
(1) It is volatile and corrosive, and easily smothers seeds and seedlings, such as ammonium bicarbonate;
(2) Containing free sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid, causing damage to seed germination and seedling growth, such as superphosphate;
(3) Urea can produce a small amount of biuret, and if it exceeds 2%, it will cause toxicity to seeds and seedlings;
(4) Potassium chloride contains nitrate ions contained in chloride, ammonium nitrate and potassium nitrate, which is toxic to seed germination;
(5) Unfertilized farmyard manure, releasing a large amount of heat energy during the fermentation process, easily burning roots, releasing ammonia gas to burn seedlings.
2, species, fertilizer interval
The concentrated application of chemical fertilizer to the roots will increase the salt concentration of the soil solution in the root zone, and increase the osmotic pressure of the soil solution, hindering the penetration of soil moisture into the roots and causing damage to the crops due to lack of water.
Fertilizers applied directly to the roots, especially nitrogen fertilizers, cause the roots to over-absorb nutrients even if the concentration does not reach the level of “burning out†crops. The stems and leaves are prolonged, which may lead to disease, lodging, etc., resulting in crop yield reduction.
The distance between the fertilizers is 8-10 cm, the upper and lower 5 cm, the seeding depth is 4-5 cm, and the deepest is no more than 6 cm. More than 6 cm will cause no emergence or weak seedlings.
3, the amount of fertilizer should be appropriate
If the corn can not be watered in time after sowing, the seeding amount of the seed fertilizer generally does not exceed 50 kg/mu. If the water can be watered in time, and the seed fertilizer interval is more than 7 cm, the sowing amount can reach 60-80 kg/mu.
4, pouring Mengtou water
Pay attention to the soil moisture, when the weather is dry, 1-2 days after sowing, water the head water, reduce burning and burning seedlings. At the same time, it is ensured that the sowing date is as early as possible to meet the requirements of corn for growth period and accumulated temperature.
5. Add nitrogen fertilizer
If the front hoe is wheat, and the straw is returned to the field, generally 400-600 kg of dry straw is returned per mu, and additional 10 kg of urea or 25 kg of ammonium bicarbonate should be added, and the soil moisture should be kept at about 20%. Conducive to straw rot and seedling growth, to prevent straw rot, microbes and seedlings compete for water, and can also reduce corn seedling yellow.
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