Onion is a wintering vegetable with a large planting area in the middle and south vegetable areas of our province. This kind of vegetable has the characteristics of less investment, simple management, high yield and high efficiency. In early November, it is the best time to plant mulch onion in the central area of ​​Yunnan. The following four points should be done before planting.
1. Fertilize and do sputum. Onion is a kind of hi-fat vegetable. The lack of any one of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer will lead to production reduction. In order to achieve high quality and high yield, it is necessary to apply enough base fertilizer. Generally, 50 kg of low-nitrogen, high-phosphorus, high-potassium sulfur-based compound fertilizer and 5000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure are applied in the mu. After the fertilizer is evenly spread, the tillage is carried out, and the soil is ploughed to make a scorpion of 1 to 1.2 m wide.
2. Choose strong seedlings. Before transplanting, it is recommended that the onion age is 50-55 days. At this time, the seedlings tend to root, and the growth is quick after transplanting. The diameter of the seedlings is 5-6 mm, and the seedling height is about 25 cm. 10 to 15 days before transplanting, spraying the potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer on the seedlings can promote the early rooting of the seedlings after planting.
3. Cover the mulch. Plastic film mulching cultivation can enhance the ability of onion to resist cold in winter, improve soil water retention and fertilizer retention capacity, and greatly increase onion yield. Before the film is covered, it is necessary to fill the water to make the sputum. After the water in the sputum is completely oozing, when the soil is wet, spray 33% of the weeding solution to 100 ml per acre, spray evenly on the surface of the sputum, and then cover the membrane. Prepare the mulch film and film mulching tool. When working, choose windless weather, and use the soil pressure on both sides of the film. Otherwise, the film will be damaged by the wind and it is not convenient for field work.
4. Transplanting and planting. In the central part of the province, the transplanting period is generally in early November, and the mulch film is covered 5 days before transplanting to increase the ground temperature. Holes were punched in the mulch before transplanting, with a line spacing of 18 cm and a plant spacing of 15 cm. After the seedlings are planted, they should be transplanted immediately. When transplanting, the roots should not be exposed to the surface, but it should not be too deep. The planting depth should be 2 to 3 cm.
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