The mulch spring cowpea planting has the characteristics of short production cycle, small investment, labor saving and labor saving. After the spring peas are pulled, the squat can be planted with economic crops such as summer corn, summer peanuts and vegetables. The main technical points of cultivation of mulch spring cowpea are as follows:
First, fertilizing the land
Choose garden soil or sandy loam soil, and apply 5000 kg of decomposed farmyard manure and 50 kg of NPK compound fertilizer. When the surface is frozen in the early spring, smashing the ground, spreading the fertilizer evenly on the ground, spinning and smashing the shovel, and smashing the ground, the sorghum surface is 30 cm wide, the sorghum is 20 cm high, and the slanting distance is 30 cm.
Second, timely seeding
When the temperature is stable at 10 °C for 5 consecutive days, it can be sown. In the Central Plains of the Central Plains, the film is covered and cultivated. The sowing date is generally good in the middle of April. Choose sunny and windless weather sowing, sowing two rows per raft, 20 cm line spacing, 15 cm spacing, 2 to 3 seeds per hole, and a depth of about 3 cm. After the seeding is completed, the film is pressed tightly to prevent the wind from being destroyed. For the land suitable for mechanized operation, the shovel seeding and laminating machine can be used to improve the working efficiency.
Third, field management
When the seedlings are broken, use the soil to compact the mulch around the seedlings to prevent the wind from tearing the mulch. After the stormy weather, carefully observe that if there is water on the membrane, the water should be removed, and the damaged membrane should be pressed or re-coated in time. When the bean sprouts grow to 3 to 4 true leaves, the first water is poured, and 10 kg of nitrogen fertilizer is applied with the water. Before and after the flower pod period, it is necessary to control the seedlings for 7 days to prevent the seedlings from growing and improving the rate of results. After entering the month of May, the cowpeas entered the pod-bearing period, and the topdressing was applied twice, and 20 kg of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer was applied per acre.
Fourth, pest control
In production, the spring bean pests are mainly aphids and pea pods. It can be sprayed with 10% imidacloprid 2000 times to control aphids, and beta-cypermethrin 1000 times spray to control pea pods.
The common disease of cowpea is rust. Especially in the middle and late stages of plant growth, the middle and lower leaves of cowpea are more serious, affecting the photosynthesis of the leaves, and also cause a lot of water transpiration, and the leaves fall off, causing severe reduction of production and quality. It can be sprayed with 20% rusting emulsifiable concentrate 2000 times or 10% high water dispersible granules 1500-2000 times. It is usually sprayed once every 7 days and continuously sprayed 2 to 4 times.
V. Timely harvesting
The mulch spring cowpea grows faster, and it takes about 50 days from sowing to pod harvesting. The mulch spring cowpea generally enters the harvesting period in late May. At this time, it is the peak season of market demand, the price is higher, and it can be harvested early to obtain higher efficiency.
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