The fertility characteristics of wheat seedlings are leaves, long carp, hair roots, and the beginning of young panicle differentiation. From the perspective of yield components, this is the period in which the number of spikes is determined. Therefore, the main direction of field management is on the basis of Miaoquan and Miaoyun, striving for the early development of strong seedlings, promoting root growth and laying a good foundation for the medium-term stability.
Checking seedlings to fill the gap
For various reasons, wheat emergence often has missing nests, broken ridges or uneven density. In order to ensure the basic seedling number and even distribution, it is necessary to prepare germination white seeds in advance, and timely replenish or evenly replenish the seedlings after emergence.
Early application of seedlings to promote root growth
Under normal circumstances, the endosperm nutrient of the wheat seedlings before and after the 3-leaf stage is exhausted, completely changed from heterotrophic to autotrophic; at the same time, from the fourth leaf into the tillering stage, secondary roots occur in large quantities, and the young ears are simultaneously differentiated. Therefore, early application Miao fertilizer can cultivate strong seedlings, increase low tillering and promote young panicle differentiation, and the effect of increasing yield of late sowing wheat is more obvious.
Determine the amount of seedling fertilizer and tiller fertilizer, should consider the soil fertility, the type and quantity of base fertilizer, the seedling index, etc., generally account for about 1/3 of the total fertilizer use, mainly for manure and quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer, and cooperate with The right amount of phosphate fertilizer. If the base fertilizer is insufficient, the split fertilizer (ba fertilizer) can be mainly used to fertilize organic fertilizer, combined with cultivating soil, burying the fertilizer in the rhizosphere, and the role of winter fertilizer in spring.
Chemical weeding
For the field after weaving, if the weeding or blocking effect is not ideal, the suitable herbicide should be selected according to the type of weed to carry out chemical weeding. At the end of the tillering stage, it is necessary to properly control the fertilizer and water, suppress the ineffective tillering, and avoid the population being too large. For the group that has already prospered, this measure can accelerate the polarization of tillering, improve the inter-plant light, and achieve the goal of high robustness of individual robustness and group coordination.
Winter long-term classification control
Before winter, the wheat seedlings are mostly formed due to early sowing, large amount of sowing, and high fertility in the wheat field. Generally, they can be divided into three cases:
1. The fertility base is good, the amount of fertilization is large, the moisture is suitable, and the sowing is early, so the wheat seedlings have strong growth potential, many tillers and fast growth. Generally, in late November, the total number of ticks per mu can meet or exceed the requirements of the index. If it is allowed to develop, it can often reach more than one million before winter, and the plants are tall and the leaves are large. In the case of warm winter, it will continue to grow long after the year, and it will be seriously damaged if it is cold.
For such wheat fields, it is necessary to take early measures to control the growth rate when it is found that the growth is strong and the tillers are too strong. The method of control is to cut the roots in the middle and deep, and it can be used for squatting or squatting, generally about 10 cm deep. If the growth of the wheat seedlings is still very strong after the squat, it will be carried out again every 7~10 days.
2. There is a certain amount of ground force, and the application of fertilizer, and the formation of Wang Miao due to the more basic seedlings and early seeding. This kind of Wang Miao is generally a fake Wang Miao. If it is not used before winter, it will gradually decline into a weak seedling before wintering or after winter, that is, the so-called "Mai Wu Er Wang". In this case, we should carry out sparse seedlings and properly suppress or deepen, and apply appropriate fertilizers (usually 15 kg of ammonium bicarbonate) when pouring frozen water, and then turn into strong seedlings after the year.
3. The ground force is not too fat, just because the seeding amount is too large, the group caused by the excessive number of seedlings is large, the seedlings are crowded, and the height is high. For such seedlings, it is generally not suitable for deep cultivating. It is necessary to promptly thinning the seedlings, establish appropriate group structure, promote individual development, and then combine watering and supplement with appropriate amount of nitrogen and phosphorus quick-acting fertilizer to make up for excessive consumption of soil nutrients.
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