How to carry out soilless cultivation techniques for lettuce? Lettuce is lettuce, rich in nutrients, cool in nature, can relieve stomach heat, and is listed as three greenhouse vegetables in greenhouse in tomato and cucumber. In recent years, there is also a certain cultivation area in the suburbs of northern cities in China. Let's take a study of a soilless cultivation technique of lettuce leafy for reference learning!
(1) Biological characteristics
Lettuce is a straight root system, the germination temperature is 15 ~ 24 ° C, 4 to 6 days can be germinated long sunshine conditions to promote early convulsions.
(2) Cultivars
Lettuce can be divided into three categories: ball formation, loose leaves and erect. At present, the varieties widely used for nutrient solution cultivation are mostly semi-balloon types, which are characterized by easy management, fast growth, high yield, good quality, cultivation in all seasons, and adaptation to market needs.
(3) Cultivation facilities
Because lettuce (half-balloon) grows fast, it is quick to change and easy to manage, so it is suitable for annual cultivation, especially hydroponics. Other cultivation methods include gravel culture, sand culture, and spray culture.
Cultivating bed
Made of wood, the bed is 2.4m wide and the frame is 7cm high. The length depends on the conditions. The bed was placed on a suspended iron frame. The height of the bed frame, for the convenience of operation, is based on the waist, and the bed is filled with fine sand (not exceeding the height of the frame). The cultivation bed has good ventilation on the bottom surface and convenient drainage.
2. Automatic irrigation and liquid fertilizer dilution device
According to the unit time and a certain amount of irrigation regulator, the fertilizer is diluted in a certain proportion while watering. The regulator uses a 220V power supply, with a fixed clock setting of 12 times/d, and the irrigation time is freely set within the range of 5 to 30 minutes/time. The liquid fertilizer diluter is diluted according to the ratio of the original liquid and the required multiple while watering, and the dilution ratio varies according to the growth period.
(4) Cultivation management
Nursery
Small paper nutrition 钵 (ø3.8cm. height 5cm), containing fine sand, first poured into water and appropriate liquid fertilizer, sowing, 1 seed per sputum, slightly covered with sand after sowing, the nutrient sputum is densely placed on the ground Set, every 1.5m wide strip aisle, and then cover the small arch shed to keep warm and moisturizing. Irrigation and thin liquid fertilizer: 2 times/d in summer and 1 time/d in winter. Seedling age: 20d in spring and autumn, 15d in summer and 25d in winter, when 3 true leaves are planted.
2. Colonization
The nutrient meal was placed on a sand bed at a line spacing of 60 cm x 30 cm. Then, install a small spray tube on the bed surface and install one at intervals of 20 cm. The water and liquid fertilizer are evenly mixed and watered, and the water is poured three times a day in spring and autumn, five to six times a day in summer, and one or two times in winter. The amount of liquid fertilizer is 1L per square meter, and watering is completed in about 10 minutes.
3. Nutrient fluid management
The liquid fertilizer is prepared according to the above-mentioned Yamazaki or Garden test formula, diluted by 1/3 in spring and autumn, diluted by 1/4 in summer, and diluted by 1/2 in winter. Diluting method, open the electromagnetic bottle, open the diluter, install the fixed clock, and automatically dilute at a predetermined rate.
4. Prevention of pests and diseases
Generally, no pests and diseases occur, and aphids occur slightly in summer, and can be controlled according to soil cultivation methods.
(4) Harvesting
To grow 15 to 17 true leaves, the heart leaves are slightly curled to the side, and when the plant weight is about 80g, it can be harvested. The whole growth period is about 40 to 45 days in spring and autumn, 30 to 35 days in summer, and 50 to 55 days in winter.
The above is the whole content of lettuce soilless cultivation technology, if you want to learn, then pay close attention to this site Huinong Internet!
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