Foliar fertilization, also called foliar spraying, is a kind of supplemental fertilizer measures often used in field management. It refers to the non-toxic and harmless organic or inorganic nutrient solution containing various nutrients according to a certain dose and concentration. Sprayed on the foliage of plants, it directly or indirectly supplies nutrients, also known as top dressing. Foliar spray fertilizer is simple, easy to use, with less fertilizer, fertilizer effect, increase production significantly. According to statistical data analysis, generally in the medium fertility of the soil, the timely spraying of crop nutrients on the crops, the average yield can be increased by 5-10% of food crops, fruit trees increased by 5-15%, vegetables increased by 20-30%. However, in some areas, due to improper understanding or application, poor application effects, or even into the wrong area, it will not only be detrimental to production, but also cause losses.
First, avoid any spray misconception that in any crop growth period can be sprayed foliar fertilizer. Foliar spraying fertilizer is absorbed by the leaves, which requires the crop to have sufficient leaf area, otherwise the spraying effect is poor and can not reach the goal. Therefore, the spray fertilizer should generally be carried out in the middle and late stages of crop fertility in order to obtain the maximum foliar spray efficiency.
Second, avoid using any fertilizer mistakenly think that any fertilizer can do foliar fertilizer spray. Actually, some volatile fertilizers, such as ammonia, ammonium bicarbonate, etc., will volatilize ammonia gas after spraying, which will cause havoc to the crop. The other category is that some crops contraindicated fertilizers, such as potassium chloride, calcium chloride, etc., should not be sprayed on tobacco and other crops.
Third, avoid any spray at any time mistaken for any time can be carried out. If after rain or early morning, there is water droplets or dew on the leaves, it is not suitable to spray fertilizer, otherwise it will reduce the spraying concentration and reach the concentration requirements, and the effect is poor. On sunny days in the sunny day, the sky should not be sprayed because the wet state cannot be maintained for a long time after spraying, and the absorption of leaves is poor, resulting in a decrease in fertilizer utilization.
Fourth, bogey arbitrarily changing the concentration of misunderstanding that the greater the concentration of spraying, the better the effect. Foliar fertilization only plays a role of supplementation and regulation and cannot replace soil fertilization. To strictly control the concentration of fertilizer. In the appropriate range of use, the general spraying concentration should not be high. However, different crops have different fertility tolerances and different requirements. Different types of fertilizers have different spraying concentrations. The concentration is too low to reach the effect of spray fertilizer; when the concentration is too high, the leaves are often dehydrated, resulting in fertilizer damage. This is one of the keys to the success or failure of foliar spraying. If urea is used as a foliar fertilizer, the concentration is generally 0.5% of superphosphate, which is 1-5%; potassium dihydrogen phosphate is 0.2-0.5%; boric acid is 0.1-0.5%. Ammonium molybdate is 0.02-0.05%; zinc sulfate is 0.05-0.2%. At the same time, it is necessary to control the concentration of spraying at the seedling stage to be appropriately lower; the concentration of spraying in the middle and later stages of fertility can be appropriately higher; when the crop is normal in growth, the concentration is lower, and when the factor of detoxification is lacking, the concentration must be higher; The concentration of element fertilizer sprayed should be lower; the concentration of macroelement fertilizer can be appropriately higher; the concentration of dicotyledonous plants sprayed should be appropriately lower; and the concentration of monocotyledonous plants sprayed should be higher.
Fifth, do not mix the use of erroneously believe that regardless of fertilizer or pesticide, can be mixed spray. Due to the different nature of various fertilizers or pesticides, the use of mixed ingredients will lead to the occurrence of phytotoxicity.
6. To avoid increasing the number of sprays, it is wrong to think that the number of sprayed leaves is better. Crops with a short cropping period are generally sprayed 1-2 times; long growth periods can be sprayed 2-3 times. According to the situation of the seedlings, it can be sprayed 1-2 times more properly. Continuous spraying within the same growth period, each time should be about 10 days. Spray trace element fertilizer, spray once, you want to spray the second time, some time to stretch.
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