Author: small through Release Date: 2018-04-28
Liang et al. discovered a specific type of RNA editing method: A-to-I RNA editing plays a key role in cancer cell protein variation.
If all cancers have one thing in common, then there is no commonality.
This therefore causes a root cause of cancer being difficult to treat. Recent researchers from the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center have discovered why as a "incubator" of many cancers, there are differences in cancer categories and even differences between patients. This discovery provides scientists with new ideas and is important for developing more effective cancer treatments.
The study was published in the April 26 issue of Cancer Cell, led by Dr. Liang Wei, associate professor of bioinformatics and computational biology at MD Anderson Cancer Center, and Dr. Gordon Mills. Dr. Liang Yi's research group's research interests include the development of biological information. Tools to better analyze cancer genome data, pan-a cancer genome analysis, RNA editing and cancer cell evolution.
Previously, Dr. Liang Yi's research team recognized the effects of gender on different cancers at the molecular level by investigating 13 types of cancer, and pointed out the need for gender-specific treatment in one aspect.
In the latest study, Liang et al. discovered a specific type of RNA editing method: A-to-I RNA editing plays a key role in cancer cell protein variation.
RNA editing is the process by which genetic information changes in RNA molecules. Scientists have previously believed that this process is rare in humans and other vertebrates, and current research indicates that RNA editing is widespread in the human genome.
Since cancer may be derived from very different protein types and mutations, individualized treatment for each patient requires a better understanding of the protein "genome", which is proteomics. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that contribute to protein variation and diversity is a key issue in cancer research today and has important clinical applications in cancer treatment.
Dr. Liang Wei said, "Using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas and the National Association of Cancer Clinical Proteome Tumor Analysis Alliance, our study presents a number of direct evidence that A-to-I RNA editing is a protein in cancer cells. The source of group diversity, therefore, RNA editing is a new model for understanding the molecular mechanisms of cancer and developing precise cancer treatments."
"If a protein is highly edited only in tumor proteins, and normal proteins are not highly edited, then it is possible to design a special drug that inhibits editing of mutant proteins."
A long time ago, scientists knew that A-to-I RNA editing can help cells modulate RNA molecules to produce nucleotide sequences that alter the DNA "instructions," which affect how proteins are produced and how they assemble within cells.
In a recent study, the researchers discovered how A-to-I RNA editing can alter the molecular structure of breast cancer proteins by altering amino acid sequences: a protein called coat protein subunit alpha (COPA), After editing A-to-I RNA, it increases the risk of cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion in vitro.
This study suggests that A-to-I RNA editing contributes to protein diversity, at least in some cancers, and this is a field of research that deserves more attention from the cancer research community, which will help elucidate the molecular basis of cancer. And develop new methods for prognosis and treatment.
Source: Biopass
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