As an auxiliary measure, combining some agricultural, physical, biological, and artificial measures with the control of pesticides can not only yield a multiplier effect, but also greatly reduce the pest control cost and reduce the pollution of pesticides to the environment. "Low-carbon agriculture" is an important way.
1. Covering the mulching film in early spring can reduce the damage of pests such as red spider and peach borer.
2. Covering the Insect Protection Network Covering the Insect Protection Network not only protects against insects, but also protects against rainstorms, hail, strong winds, and moderate shading. However, because of the high cost, it is used for fruit tree cultivation in facilities.
3. Clean orchard growing season in time to remove or pick up damaged fruit, branches, leaves and concentrated treatment, can effectively reduce the next generation of insect (bacteria) source; autumn and winter season, combined cutting pruning to remove diseased shoots, shoots, and the orchard and its surrounding Nearby weeds and litter are cleared away, burned centrally or buried deeply to eliminate a large number of overwintering pests.
4. Manually remove the growth season, timely remove the egg masses of the caterpillars, break the hard ticks on the trunks and branches, scrape the egg pieces of the gypsy moth on the trunk, and dig out the eggs of the yak sticks on the branches; serious scale insects occur; At the same time, the larvae and oocysts attached to the shoots are brushed off with a stiff brush; insect pests and powdery mildews can be promptly cut off from the leaf roller moth pests, powdery mildews can be cut in time, pest moths can be cut off in time, and the oocysts can be promptly cut off. The injured branch was concentrated and burned.
5. Shaking and killing During the growing season of fruit trees, for some insects with false death habits, such as chafers, leaf beetles, long-horned cattle, and chestnut-like elephants, they can be dropped by shaking the trunk, and then they are hunted together; when they encounter haze in winter, The scale insects can be shaken off by hitting the branches.
6. Fruit bagging Fruit bagging can effectively reduce or avoid the damage of fruit-feeding pests such as carnivora and cockroaches.
7. The winter bark bark says: “It is necessary to eat pears and scrape the bark.†The scraping of fruit trees is an important measure for orchard management in winter. It not only helps to increase tree vigor, prevents premature tree aging, but also eliminates The wintering bacteria and pests in the cracks in the bark reduce the base number for overwintering, and control or reduce the occurrence and damage of some diseases and insect pests in the coming year, thus receiving the control effect of “do not apply pesticides and win pesticidesâ€. Comprehensive surveys showed that 80% to 90% of the overwintering larvae of the sticky orchard, juvenile armyworm, and pear caterpillar were reduced by 60% to 80%, and the spider mites were reduced by 70% to 80%. The winter shave of fruit trees can be carried out after defoliating from fruit trees to before sprouting in late spring. The main reason is to scrape off the rough skin and skins on the trunk and main branches. The degree of scraping is to scrape off the light brown skin. It is better to see green and white. When scraping the skin, a plastic cloth should be laid under the tree to collect scraped bark and debris, and be deeply buried or burned. For fruit trees with rot and blight disease, apply Fumei arsenic or lime sulfur to prevent and cure after scraping.
8. The trunk is painted white The winter trunk is painted white, which not only can prevent sunburn and frost damage of the fruit trees, but also eliminate a large number of pathogens and pests that overwinter over the trunk. The proportion of whitening agent is generally: 10 parts of quicklime, 2 parts of lime sulfur, 1 to 2 parts of salt, 2 parts of clay and 35 to 40 parts of water. The time for whitening is preferably 2 times, the first time after deciduous fruit trees before the soil freezes, and the second time in early spring.
9. Plowing the tree tray Deep plowing of the tree tray is not only an important measure to improve the soil and promote the production of fruit trees, but also an effective method to eliminate overwintering pests and diseases. Through deep turning, pests (such as peach borer, peach aphid, etc.) and pathogens that overwinter in the soil can be turned to the surface and frozen, dried or eaten by natural enemies, causing some to dry and curl on the ground. Weeds and weeds in the winter over the germs and pests (such as roll moths, aphids, red spiders, etc.) are buried underground, because they can not normally emerge as a feather and suffocate, thereby reducing the overwintering base.
10. The trapping and culling of the potential use of pests to select the sites for wintering, after the autumn in the big branches of fruit trees tied grass or broken sack sheets, trapped pests to pupate the winter, and then focus on killing. According to the survey, this method has a 47% to 78% trapping effect on P. edulis and P. edulis, and it is also very good for spider mites, juvenile armyworm, spiny leaf miner, apple leaf roller moth, and leaf roller moth. The trapping effect, especially when the density of overwintering worms was greater in the year, was more pronounced.
11. The bait slaying uses the characteristics of the dried larvae such as sinuosa, hornbill, and small locust that prefer to lay eggs on the newly-cut trees. In the orchard, some wood sections are set to lure them to spawn, and then they are collectively killed.
12. Light trapping and utilization The phototaxis of fruit tree pests can be used to trap and kill black light lamps, high-pressure mercury lamps, and vibration-type trap lights in fruit trees. This method has obvious control effect on peach fruit borer, apple leaf roller moth, gold thread moth, peach aphid, Spodoptera litura, gypsy moth, flea beetle, cockroach, etc.
13. Yellow plate trapping and killing aphids, whiteflies and other pests have a strong tendency toward yellow, yellow traps can be set to kill adults. Method is: the fiberboard or cardboard cut into 1 meter 0.2 meters long strips, painted orange peel yellow, and then coated with a layer of sticky oil (with a little oil and a little oil on the 10th and mix thoroughly), hanging in the line; when the yellow plate When pests are sticky, they must be re-applied in time (usually 7 to 10 days for re-coating).
14. Sex Hormones Trapping and Utilization Utilization of pheromone The control of pests is a new pest management technology developed in recent years. In the production of fruit trees, it is commonly used in the control of pests such as peach borer, pear borer, apple leaf roller moth, gold leaf moth, and peach aphid.
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