With the rapid development of animal husbandry, the use of antibiotics and other drugs, feed safety (food safety) issues have become the focus of pig producers and consumers. Governments of developed countries in the world have issued restrictions and bans on the use of antibiotics. European countries have banned the use of antibiotics in feed for the past 10 years. The types of antibiotics approved for use in feeds in China are also gradually decreasing. Fermentation feed can effectively control the microbial balance of animal intestines, coupled with the fermentation bed culture, effectively improve the breeding environment, improve animal production performance, increase economic and social benefits are of great significance, therefore, countries in the world in recent years To pay special attention to the pig's fermented feed. At present, there are many pig farms in Europe, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom that are using fermented feeds. According to statistics, 60% of the farms in Denmark have so far used fermented feed, and the number of farms used has continued to increase. The United States and Canada are also promoting the use of fermented feeds [1,2,3,4]. In recent years, fermented feed has also been better developed in China. Fermentation feed refers to microorganisms that, through their own metabolic activities, decompose or convert anti-nutritional factors in plant, animal, and mineral substances under artificially controlled conditions to produce nutrients that are more likely to be eaten, digested, and absorbed by livestock and poultry. Higher and non-toxic feed ingredients. Feeds that have been fermented not only improve feed nutrient absorption levels but also degrade the toxins that may be present in the feed ingredients. They can also significantly reduce the use of antibiotics and other drug additives, improve animal health, and increase the food safety of pig products. 1 Materials and methods 1.1 Trial design experiments were conducted on June 1, 2009 at Dingxin Farm, Dayu County, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province. The test pigs were 228 heads of the triad cross weaning pigs of about 20kg, which were similar in weight and gender. The principle of equals is divided into 2 groups. Test group 1 is divided into 3 columns with 38 heads per column. As a control group, the diet uses the full-price feed of a regular manufacturer, and the experimental 2 groups of similar methods are grouped, and the diets are self-made. Biofermented feeds were tested for 95 days in the test period. The culture mode did not use cement floors and they were cultured using fermented mattress materials. 1.2 The construction of the biological fermentation chamber is contaminated by the traditional cement circle breeding. The pig farm housing has been transformed into a fermentation bed house with a span of 8m and a length of 40m. The inside adopts a single-row type, leaving a walkway of about 1m on one side and an eaves height of 2.5- 3m, top height 4.5m, semi-open shutter structure, deep excavation 55cm in the fermentation tank, fermentation bed using Beijing Huaxia Kangyuan Technology Co., Ltd. fermentation bed, Jinbao fermentation mattress material as long as 50cm thick, dry-type, No need to add water, no accumulation of fermentation in advance, no nutrient solution, as long as the litter (sawdust, rice hull, corn cob, etc.) and strains, "5 layers of matting agent 4 layer bacteria" can be spread into the pig, making very simple. 1.3 Feeding management The daily management of the natural pig raising process in the fermentation bed mainly includes: when necessary, the piles of pig manure are scattered, the litter is turned over, the litter is adjusted to maintain suitable moisture, and the pig house is ventilated and ventilated. Other feeding and management, such as feed formulation, feeding methods, immune deworming and health care, are conducted in the usual manner on the farm. 1.4 Determination of indicators and methods Test pigs were weighed and recorded at the beginning and end of the test on a fasting basis, and daily feed intake was recorded. The daily gain and feed-to-weight ratios were calculated. The test data were analyzed statistically using analysis of variance. 2 Results and analysis Table 1 Test performance of experimental pigs Comparison of the experimental group (%) Daily gain (g) 1000 800 25 Days Feed intake (kg/d) 2.61 2.32 12.5 Feed ratio 2.61:1 2.9: 1 -10 Survival Rate (%) 100 97 3.09 2.1 Test results of pig performance can be seen from Table 1. Compared with conventional feed, the use of self-made biofermentation feed increases by 25%, and the feed/feed ratio decreases by 10%. The daily feed intake increased by 12.5%, indicating that the use of fermented feed to raise pigs promoted the growth of animals, improved feed remuneration, and increased daily feed intake. The results of He Qian, Wu Tongshan, and Li Yan (2008)[5] showed that the average daily gain of piglets increased by 13.9% after adding 5% lactic acid bacteria liquids to the weaned piglets diet for about 8 hours (P fermented feed passes After fermentation, a series of biochemical reactions are carried out. The complex organic macromolecules such as cellulose, starch, and protein in the feed are degraded to a certain extent as monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and amino acids that are easily digested and absorbed by animals. Small molecular substances, thereby increasing the digestion and absorption rate of feed, play a role in the in-depth production and processing of feed machinery, and also produce and accumulate large amounts of nutrient-rich microbial strain cells and useful metabolism in the process of feed fermentation. Product [6], such as: amino acids, organic acids, alcohols, aldehydes, esters, vitamins, antibiotics, hormones, activated trace elements, special sugars, and softens the feed, increases nutrition, and thus alters the physics of feed Chemical properties, improved palatability, stimulated feed intake of pigs, coupled with fermented mattress material breeding improved breeding environment, feed digestibility, absorption rate The nutritional value is obviously improved, so it can improve the animal's production performance.2.2 The economical benefit of the experimental pigs The dietary price of this experiment is about 2.6 yuan/kg, but the use of fermented feed has greatly improved the survival rate, there is no death phenomenon, and With the increase in daily weight gain, the feed is saved, the same number of days for slaughter will be heavier, and the economic benefit will be greatly improved. From the data of survival rate and other aspects, it can be seen that the fermentation bed cultivation is very good compared to the conventional cement cultivation. The benefits not only solve the problem of excreta contamination, but also improve the benefits.There are a large number of beneficial live bacteria (mainly lactic acid bacteria) and their metabolites in the fermentation feed and fermentation bed, which are beneficial to the gut health of pigs (inhibition of pathogens Grow, promote intestinal microbial balance, promote intestinal immune response, improve digestion and absorption function, promote health and growth. [7], thus improving the survival rate of pigs. 3 Summary China is a large agricultural country, animal husbandry and aquaculture accounted for agricultural production With a large proportion, the safety of livestock products has become increasingly prominent, and traditional culture has been affected by conditions such as environmental pollution, food safety, and low profitability. Approximately, however, the use of the fermentation bed + fermented feed breeding mode, due to environmental conditions in line with the requirements of welfare pigs, the pigs restored the natural habits, no stress occurred, but also eating beneficial bacteria and bacterial protein, disease resistance significantly increased, The incidence rate decreased, especially the respiratory diseases and digestive tract diseases fell sharply compared with the traditional feeding methods, the dosage was significantly reduced, and the quality of the produced pork was significantly improved. At present, the country advocates green food, safe meat, fermented feed + fermented bed breeding, It can provide an effective way to achieve this goal.4 References[1] Zou Zhiheng, Song Qiongli Application and research progress of fermented feed in pig production.Chinese Animal Health, 2009(3) [2] Li Yongkai, Mao Shengyong . Current status of research and application of probiotic fermentation feeds. Livestock Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2009(3) [3] Wang Chunlin, Lu Wenqing. Application of a new type of feed - pig fermented feed production technology. Pig Science, 2009 (1) [4] Wang Chunlin, Lu Wenqing. Effects of microbial fermentation feed on pig performance and slaughter traits. Feed Industry, 2008 (7) [5] He Qian, Wu Tongshan, Li Yan et al. Application and research progress in pig production. Livestock Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, 2008 (6) [6] Jia Penghui, Guo Hongxin. Changes and applications of microbial fermentation in microbiota. Feed Expo, 2009(3) [7] Jia Tao. Fermented feed Application in pig breeding. Pig Science, 2008 (5)
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