At present, there are mainly vegetables such as solanaceous vegetables, melons, and beans in the soil, and they are in the full fruit period. Diseases and insect pests are mainly caused by diseases and bean sprouts. Due to the frequent rainfall in the recent past, the waterlogging of vegetable fields is widespread. Diseases such as diseases, melons, downy mildew, anthracnose, etc., occur more severely. Therefore, the agricultural plant protection departments throughout the country should strengthen monitoring and guide farmers in the prevention and control of vegetable pests and diseases.
First, the incidence of vegetable pests
1. Epidemics: mainly tomato late blight, pepper blight, taro blight and other diseases, which occurred in a moderately heavy manner, slightly more than in the same period of last year. According to the survey sites, Wanzhou tomato has 12-22% of late blight strains, and the rate of chillies is 6-14%. Shizhu County, the epiphytic strain rate was 4-11.1%. The disease rate of Zhengchuan's taro disease is 3.3-8.4%.
2. Downy mildew: mainly cucumber downy mildew, according to Wulong, Weinan, and Yongchuan surveys, the average diseased rate of cucumber downy mildew was 12-21%, which was comparable to that of the previous year, and the highest diseased rate in Wulong local plots. 51%.
3, anthrax: mainly harmful melons, eggplant, legumes, according to the Shizhu, Weinan, Lushan survey, the general disease rate of 3.3-8.1%, and the previous year, the highest rate of partial field plots in southern Fujian 16.4%.
4. Tea Yellow Tea: It mainly damages beans and solanaceous vegetables. Warm and humid weather is conducive to the breeding of Tea Yellow Tea Pot. At present, it is the peak period of the damage of the tea plant, which is heavier than the previous year. The amount of venetian insects in Yongchuan eggplant is 46-390; the amount of worms in Laoshan green bean is 20-380.
5. Bean pods: Mainly attacked kidney beans and green beans. According to investigations in Banan, Wulong, Weinan, and Yongchuan, the damage rate of cowpea and seasonal bean insects was 2.1% to 4.6%, and the highest rate of damage was 4.6% in the four seasons of Wulong. The damage rate was 1.3 to 3.2%. In the previous year, the highest rate of banana fruit damage was 4.1%.
Second, control advice
According to the meteorological department's forecast, the temperature is high this summer, showing the characteristics of drought and flood. Weather conditions such as high temperature, high humidity, and sunny and rainy weather are conducive to pests and diseases. Therefore, all localities must pay close attention to the occurrence of vegetable pests and diseases and strengthen the propaganda and prevention techniques. In particular, for the prevention and treatment of locust bean pods and wild locusts, the use of high-toxicity, high-residue pesticides must be vigorously promoted, and the safety intervals for pesticides should be strictly enforced to ensure that the pesticide residues in vegetables do not exceed the standards.
1. Diseases
Strengthen field management, timely pruning, improve ventilation and light transmission conditions, timely removal of diseased leaves or diseased plants. Control agents can be used: 72% Kelu wettable powder 600-1000 times; or 50% Anke wettable powder 2500 times; 25% break wettable powder 1000-1500 times. Every 7-10 days, 2-3 times in a row.
2. Downy mildew
At the beginning of the disease, spray the urea Mn Zn wettable powder (Kelu) 72% for 500-600 times; or 58% for the metalaxyl WP (Raydoer Mn Zn) 500-800 times; or 66.8 % Propofenone Zinc Granzymes Wettable Powder (mildew gram) 500-700 times. Every 7-10 days, 2-3 times in a row.
3, anthrax
In the initial stage of disease, spray 25% Prochloramine (100g) EC 1000x; or 50% Prochloraz Manganese (SPG) WP 1500x; or 60% WP (Zinc Carbon) WP 700 times liquid. Every 7-10 days, 2-3 times in a row.
4, tea yellow tea
In the initial stage, spraying 15% fluorenone EC 300 times; or 1.8% avermectin 4000 times; 5% fenpyroximate SC 3000 times, or 15% Broom net EC 2000 times. When spraying, focus on the young parts, flower organs and young fruit on the upper part of the plant.
5, bean noodles
Clear the flowers in the field and get rid of the locusts at any time, and remove the wounded leaves and pods at any time to reduce the source of insects; use frequency-vibration insecticidal lamps and insect sex attractants to trap and kill adult worms. Chemical control should be mastered during the flowering period, and should be sprayed twice every 5-7 days from the first flowering period, and then sprayed as the case may be. Focus on spraying flower buds, tender pods, and floor-to-ceiling flowers. The time of application should be improved when the pods are opened before 10am. The control agent can be used for: 52.5% poisonous chlorine (agricultural music) emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times, or 48% Loester emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times; or 1% avermectin emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times.
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