According to the author's observation, the frostbite and water mold disease of tilapia during wintering are basically caused by the infection of floating head and wound fungus. How can we avoid floating head and fungal infection?
1. Wind protection: For small tilapia seed ponds, it can be sheltered from the wind.
2. Deepen the water level: Maintain a water depth of 2 to 2.5 meters, and reduce the impact of freezing and freezing on water temperature.
3, nutrition and health care: the quality of feed before winter is better, the energy should not be too high, do not feed excessive, so as not to cause visceral diseases (such as enteritis, hepatobiliary syndrome and visceral fat content is too high), oral bile acid, vitamins and herbal medicine, Paul Liver shields enhance fish resistance.
4, pest control: the importance of parasites, overwintering process may be due to low water temperature, bacterial disease is not easy to find, but after winter, the secondary bacterial infection caused by parasites will lead to a large area of ​​dead fish, so need to routine during winter Insecticide.
5, improve the substrate: first use the oxidation and disinfection properties of the bottom reform products to oxidize the substrate of harmful substances and kill harmful bacteria, three days later use Haitai special fertilizer (Bacillus subtilis) decomposition of the bottom of the macromolecular organic matter ( Fish manure, etc.) Reduce these oxygen-depleting factors before wintering, and also avoid biogas and hydrogen sulphide from the bottom of hypoxia and reduce fish poisoning.
6. Improved water body: Use Haitai viable bacteria to reduce the content of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite, cultivate appropriate phytoplankton and microbes, and improve the water purification capacity.
7. Detoxification of water bodies: fish ponds that pump groundwater for heat preservation, because of the high ferrous and ammonia nitrogen content in groundwater, in which ferrous iron consumes oxygen during the oxidation to trivalent iron, and it is also toxic. It can be used to sprinkle organic acids. Detoxification of Na2S2O3, while enhancing the anti-stress of the fish, using Kang Jie Dijing (potassium persulfate) to accelerate the oxidative precipitation of ferrous iron.
8, to reduce the stocking density: a reasonable density, to avoid frost damage caused by fish floating up.
9. Oxygenation and warming: Aerators are opened at noon on sunny days at high temperatures to mix surface oxygen-enriched water with high-temperature water and bottom water to increase the oxygen content of the bottom water and raise the bottom water temperature. When the surface water temperature is lower than the bottom water temperature, Do not open the aerator.
The groundwater is good and abundant, and the watering facilities can be prepared. In some areas, because the groundwater is not enough, the process of adding water to heat insulation interrupts the water. The ferrous ions in the groundwater consume a lot of oxygen in the process of being oxidized. After the anoxic groundwater is added, it leads to The entire body of water is severely deprived of oxygen. At the same time, the fish can no longer dive into the water body due to lack of oxygen and float to the water surface. The freezing of surface water causes more dead fish. It is better not to open water pumps in this area where groundwater is lacking.
In the cold season, qualified fish farmers can use inflatable oxygen pumps pumped out of the bottom of the fish pond. In the coldest freezing days, you can dry the pellet oxygen (granular oxygenation agent), increase the dissolved oxygen at the bottom, and avoid the fish floating after the bottom of oxygen deficiency.
10, reduce the pull network: so as not to cause mechanical damage to the fish after pulling the net, infected water mold, dry pond fish exception.
11. Waterproof mildew: It is best to use gallnut or salicylic acid for routine disinfection to prevent the occurrence of water mold, and do not cause strong stress to the fish.
Black glutinous maize is a special type of maize, whose kernel cuticle deposits melanin to varying degrees, giving it a dark and shiny appearance. The kernels are rich in water-soluble melanin and various essential trace elements, plant protein and various amino acids, with a significantly higher nutritional content than other cereal crops.
The origin of black glutinous maize: coloured glutinous maize is generally white, yellow, red, purple and black, with white, yellow and purple maize being the basic colours. The purple gene of a purple-white cross naturally becomes purple if it "beats" the white gene, and vice versa, so if the two make a tie, we see white and purple maize. Purple can turn into red and black maize, or as we often say, "red is purple and black is purple".
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