Locust control
First, plant mites and flooding
1. Soak the peppers in water for a day and night, spray and spray;
2, soak the peach leaves with water for a day and night, add a small amount of quicklime filtered and spray;
3. Grind the tobacco into fine powder and add a small amount of quick lime to spread it, which can receive good control effect.
4. The production practice proves that the volatile smell of amaranth has a repellent effect on aphids. For example, if it is mixed with other vegetables, it can reduce the density of aphids and reduce the damage degree of aphids to vegetables.
Second, the yellow board induces
Yellow has a strong attracting effect on aphids. In production, yellow cardboard with a size of 15×20 cm can be made. It is best to apply a layer of No. 10 motor oil or commonly used pesticides on cardboard, insert or hang in vegetable rows and vegetables. Flat. When the winged scorpion sees the yellow cardboard, it will fall on it. After the oil yellow plate is full, it should be replaced in time. The yellow plate of the drug makes the mites touch the medicine and die. It greatly reduces the double damage of winged cockroaches, which spreads viruses to vegetable fields and directly consumes vegetable juices.
Third, the use of silver-gray plastic film to avoid
Aphids have great differences in the tropism of different colors, and silver gray has a good repellent effect on the aphid. Collect some silver-gray food bags or milk powder bags. When using, turn this plastic bag over, make the silver gray face outward, with a colored picture facing in, use a small wooden stick to insert into the vegetable field or the seedbed, which can play a role in repelling the vegetables and reducing the virus against a variety of cruciferous vegetables. The role of harm.
Fourth, the use of natural enemies
The natural enemies of locusts include seven-star scoop stars, heterochromatic ladybugs, scorpion flies and sputum molds, which have an irreplaceable killing effect on aphids. Therefore, they should be protected and utilized in production to keep the population of locusts within an insufficient amount.
Five, washing powder
The main component of washing powder is sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, which has a strong contact effect on aphids. Use 400-500 kilograms of washing powder 400-500 times per acre, and spray 2~3 times, which can play a good preventive effect.
Whitefly
Whitefly is one of the most common pests for vegetable farmers. It is very harmful and has poor control effect. Although vegetable farmers use insect nets in the greenhouses in the past few years, it is still difficult to stop them. In order to comprehensively prevent and control, we must first understand the living habits of whitefly, and the prevention and control measures can be effective.
Morphological characteristics: The life cycle of greenhouse whitefly can be divided into four stages: eggs, nymphs, mites, adults, and its formation time is: white powder 9 can produce 9-10 generations a year, one generation 30 days or so, one can lay eggs 100 grain. The eggs are yellowish brown, and the goose is ovate and scattered on the back of the leaves. If the nymph's body is elliptical, the first-instar larvae that are hatching will crawl to find the proper position, and then fix it on the back of the leaf, and the mouthpiece will penetrate into the plant to suck. The adult body is covered with a layer of white wax, which is used to suck the plant juice.
Symptoms: Growing nymphs and adult worms can cause the leaves to fade, curl, and shrink. The secretions of nymphs often induce plant mildew and cause the leaves to be covered with a black mildew, resulting in normal photosynthesis of the leaves. Respiratory effects are disturbed and the plants are weak and dead. In addition, whitefly is often the media of viral diseases.
Prevention:
1. Keep the seedlings closed and cultivate no seedlings. The pre-emergence fumigation greenhouse removes residual insects, removes weed residues, and adds a layer of nylon yarn to the greenhouse vent to avoid foreign insect sources.
2, try to avoid mixed planting: especially cucumber, tomato, kidney beans can not be mixed. It is also an effective method to adjust the production of gargle, that is, the head lice arrange white cabbage, such as celery and sweet pepper, as light vegetables, and then plant cucumbers and tomatoes.
3. The branches and dead leaves laid in production are disposed of in time. Older nymphs are mostly distributed in the lower leaves, and some of the old leaves are properly removed when the solanaceous fruit is pruned, buried or burned to reduce the population.
4. Release of Lily wasp or Grasshopper: When the adult whitefly is below 0.5 head/plant, the Lithium bee is released into the bee 15 times/every two times every two weeks.
5, Verticillium can parasitize whitefly, and cause population diseases to be popular. The greater the population density of whitefly, the better the infection, spread and prevalence of the fungus.
6. Use yellow plate to trap adult worms, yellow has strong trapping effect on adult white cockroaches, set yellow plate in greenhouse (1m×0.7m fiberboard or cardboard, painted orange peel yellow, and then coated with a layer of sticky oil per acre With 32-34 blocks), the effect of trapping adults is significant. The yellow plate is placed between the rows and the height of the plant is the same. The viscous oil is generally adjusted with No. 10 oil and a little butter, and reapplied once every 7-10 days. Take care to prevent oil droplets from causing burns on the crop.
7. Chemical control: When averaging 3 adult per worms, use 3% of 3% of acetamiprid emulsifiable concentrate 1200 times solution, 70% of Emerald water-dispersible granules 15000 times of liquid, 25% of AKTA water-dispersible granules 3000 times Liquid, 25% buprofezin (Pulsin) wettable powder 2000 times solution, 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 1500 times liquid and Tianda 2116 mixed spray 1-2 times, and prevent viral diseases and powdery mildew, the effect is remarkable .
Tea jaundice
The sassafras is one of the most harmful pests of vegetables. It has a wide variety of foods and a wide range of host plants. It mainly damages tomatoes, cucumbers, eggplants, peppers, potatoes, melons, beans, celery, radishes and other vegetables. The cockroaches and pups are concentrated on the young parts of the vegetables. The back surface of the damaged leaves was grayish brown or yellowish brown, oily, and the edges of the leaves curled downwards, and the damaged skin of the fruit turned yellowish brown. Because the sassafras is small and difficult to be discovered, the damage caused by it is often mistaken for the occurrence of diseases and causes mistakes in prevention and control, so it reminds farmers to pay attention.
Occurrence law:
Tea sassafras can occur for dozens of generations per year, mainly over the winter in vegetable plants in the greenhouse or in the soil. Shed vegetables occur throughout the year, while open vegetables are heavily damaged from June to September. The worm grows rapidly and develops. It can develop for 1 generation in 7-10 days at 18 °C-20 °C, and 1 generation in 4-5 days under conditions of 28 °C-30 °C. The optimum temperature for growth and development is 16 ° C - 23 ° C, and the relative humidity is 80% - 90%. Humidity has little effect on adult carp. It can still live normally at 40%, but eggs and young babies can only hatch and live under the condition of relative humidity of more than 80%. Therefore, warm and high humidity is conducive to the growth and development of sassafras. . The number of eggs laid by a single female is more than one hundred, and the eggs are mostly scattered on the back of the young leaves and the depressions of the fruits. Chengyu’s activity is strong, and it is spread by climbing or natural forces. Heavy rain has a scouring effect on it.
Control method:
1. Deeply plow the cultivated land, eliminate the insect source, reduce the base of the insects; remove the weeds in the field, and pull the vegetables before harvesting, thoroughly remove the fallen fruits, fallen leaves and residual branches in the field, and incinerate them intensively; Plants, early control.
2. Chemical control. Spray control is required when the rate of field coils reaches 0.5%. The available agents are 15% eucalyptus emulsifiable concentrate 3000 times solution, 1.8% avermectin emulsifiable concentrate 4000 times solution, 20% sterilized emulsifiable concentrate 1500 times solution and the like. In order to improve the control effect, a synergist or a washing powder may be mixed in the liquid medicine, and a shower spray may be used. Pay attention to spraying the back of the blade and the young part when spraying.
Liriomyza
The vegetable leafminer is a very small fly, the adult is gray-black, with a body length of 1.3-2.3 mm and an egg size of 0.2-0.3 x 0.1-0.15 mm. The larvae are headless, with a maximum length of 3 mm, initially colorless, with a gradient of pale orange and orange, and an elliptical shape with a size of 1.3-2.3 x 0.5-0.75 mm. Adults use the ovipositor to stab the leaves to lay eggs under the leaf epidermis. The larvae feed on the mesophyll tissue under the epidermis of the leaves, forming a very obvious serpentine stalk. In severe cases, the worms are covered with leaf surface, which causes the function of the leaves to be lost. Finally dry up.
The prevention method is:
1. Agricultural measures
Pay attention to the pastoral cleanliness, and the dead leaves and stems in the affected vegetable fields should be concentrated or buried in order to eliminate the insect source. In the case of occurrence of small algebra, small amount of insects or protected areas, the insects and leaves are removed in time, and these insects are taken out of the field or greenhouse to be destroyed. Immediately after the crop is harvested, the ground worms are turned into the soil so that they cannot be feathered.
2, chemical control
For the control of Liriomyza sativae, it is necessary to use high-efficiency, low-toxic, low-residue agents, such as chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin, rifampicin, green kungfu, phoxim, quetiapine, effluent, Abadin, extremely harmful, etc., these pesticides have better control effects. If sprayed with 1.8% Abatin EC 2500-3000 times, the control effect will reach 85-99% after 10 days of drug administration, and the control effect will reach 91-100% after 15 days. The control effect of Ai Fuding is consistent with Aba Butyl. Spraying with 5% of Fuling EC 2000 times solution was 88%. The use of pesticides to control the larvae of the larvae advocates alternate rotation of drugs to prevent the emergence of drug resistance. The control period of the insect is in the period of the young larva.
The cultivation of vegetable fields provides a good wintering place for the vegetable leafminer. The worm can not only survive in the greenhouse, but also can occur in the shed, becoming an important pest source that harms the vegetables in the open field. Therefore, doing a good job of prevention and control in the greenhouse can effectively prevent the insect from spreading to the exposed vegetables after the shed.
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